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تاثیر مایهزنی با قارچ های میکوریزای بومی خوزستان و استفاده از کود فسفر بر فعالیت آنزیم فسفاتاز خاک و غلظت برخی عناصر در گیاه ذرت | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
دوره 56، شماره 6، شهریور 1404، صفحه 1593-1608 اصل مقاله (1.62 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2025.388988.669868 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
مرضیه کلاه کج1؛ رویا زلقی* 1؛ غلامرضا قزلباش2؛ ناصر علی اصغرزاد3 | ||
1گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران. | ||
2گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران. | ||
3گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
در کشاورزی پایدار استفاده از قارچهای میکوریزا آربوسکولار برای بهبود رشد گیاه و تغذیه ی گیاه (به ویژه فسفر) از جایگاه ویژه ای برخوردار است. برای درک تاثیر نوع جدایه قارچ میکوریزا و همچنین سطوح متفاوت فسفر، بر فعالیت آنزیم فسفاتاز خاک و نیز بر جذب برخی عناصر در گیاه ذرت، آزمایش گلدانی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی انجام گرفت. تیمارها شامل کود فسفر (سوپر فسفات تریپل در سه سطح شامل 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار (معادل 8/0 گرم در هر گلدان)، 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار (معادل 4/0 گرم در هر گلدان) و شاهد (بدون کود)) و مایهزنی با قارچ میکوریزا (بدون مایهزنی و مایهزنی با F. mosseae strain A1 و F. mosseae strain A2) بود و پس از 3 ماه برداشت گیاه صورت گرفت. فعالیت آنزیم فسفاتاز اسیدی و قلیایی در خاک، غلظت فسفرقابل دسترس در خاک و فسفر ، نیتروژن، منیزیم و پتاسیم در گیاه، وزن خشک گیاه و درصد کلونیزاسیون ریشه گیاه اندازه گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد کاربرد کود فسفر و استفاده از قارچ میکوریزا سبب افزایش وزن خشک گیاه و غلظت فسفر، نیتروژن، پتاسیم و منیزیم اندام هوایی شده است. مایهزنی با قارچ های میکوریزا سبب افزایش کلونیزاسیون ریشه و نیز افزایش فعالیت آنزیمهای فسفاتاز اسیدی (2/25 و 07/37 درصد به ترتیب برای straina A1 و strain A2 ) و قلیایی (5/49 و 06/49 درصد به ترتیب برای strain A1 و strain A2 ) نسبت به تیمار بدون مایهزنی خاک شد؛ ولی با کاربرد کود فسفر این پارامترها کاهش یافتند. به طور کلی ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﻧﺸﺎن داد که در خاکهای با فسفر کل و اولسن پایین، ﻣﺼﺮف کود ﻓﺴﻔﺮدار و در کنار آن مایهزنی با میکوریزا (ازطریق همزیستی با گیاه)، ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺬب ﺑﻬﺘﺮ عناصر از ﺧﺎک و رﺷﺪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ گیاه میشود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
فسفر؛ فسفاتاز؛ کلینیزاسیون؛ میکوریز | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
The effect of inoculation with native mycorrhizal fungi of Khuzestan and the application of phosphorus fertilizer on soil phosphatase enzyme activity and the concentration of some elements in Zea mays. | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Marzieh Kolahkaj1؛ Roya Zalaghi1؛ Gholam Reza Ghezelbash2؛ Nasser Aliasgharzad3 | ||
1Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran university of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. | ||
2Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. | ||
3Department of Soil Science and Engineering, ّ Faculty of Agriculture, Tabriz university, Tabriz, Iran. | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
In sustainable agriculture, the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to improve plant growth and plant mineral nutrition (especially phosphorus) has a special place. A factorial pot experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications in greenhouse conditions. Treatments included phosphorus fertilizer (control (zero), 100 and 200 kg ha-1 triple superphosphate) and inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi (without inoculation and inoculation with F. mosseae strain A1 and F. mosseae strain A2). After 3 months, the plants were harvested and the activity of acid and alkaline phosphatase enzymes in the soil, soil Olsen phosphorus, concentration of phosphorus, nitrogen, magnesium, and potassium in the plant were measured. The results showed that applying phosphorus fertilizer and using mycorrhizal fungi increased the dry weight of the plant and the concentration of phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium, and magnesium in the shoot. Inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi increased root colonization and also increased the activity of acid phosphatase enzymes (25.2 and 37.07 percent, respectively, for strains A1and A2 compared to the treatment without inoculation) and alkaline (5.49 and 6.49 percent, respectively, for strains A1and A2 compared to the treatment without inoculation) in the soil, but these parameters decreased with the application of phosphorus fertilizer. In general, the results showed that in soils with low total and Olsen phosphorus, using obtained phosphorus fertilizer and inoculation with mycorrhiza through symbiosis with the plant leads to better absorption of elements from the soil and better plant growth. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Colonization, Mycorrhiza, Phosphorus, Phosphatase | ||
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