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تعیین حدود بهینه مقدار و شوری آب آبیاری در کشت کینوا (Chenopodium quinoa) با روش سطح-پاسخ | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 55، شماره 11، بهمن 1403، صفحه 1981-1999 اصل مقاله (1.71 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2024.377374.669722 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| جلال غریبوند نوترکی1؛ حلیمه پیری* 1؛ پرویز حقیقت جو1؛ امیر ناصرین2؛ مهدی اسدی لور3 | ||
| 1گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده آب و خاک، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران | ||
| 2گروه مهندسی آب، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران | ||
| 3گروه مهندسی آب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| کینوا (Chenopodium quinoa) یکی از گیاهان زراعی برای تأمین امنیت غذایی در جهان معرفی شده است که شرایط تنش آبی و خشکی را تا حدودی میتواند تحمل کند. لیکن، توسعه کشت آن در شرایط تنش آبی و خشکی در استان خوزستان میبایست براساس تعیین حدود مقادیر آب آبیاری و تعیین آستانه تحمل به شوری باشد. برای دستیابی به این هدف، پژوهش حاضر در یک مزرعه تحقیقاتی واقع در شهرستان باغملک، در شرق استان خوزستان، در طول جغرافیایی ۴۹ درجه و 51 دقیقه شرقی و عرض جغرافیایی ۳۱ درجه و 41 دقیقه‌ی شمالی در سال زراعی 1402-1401 انجام شد. در این پژوهش، گیاه کینوا تحت آبیاری قطرهای و به صورت پالسی کشت گردید. کفایت آبیاری 60 تا 100 درصدی نیاز آبی (کدهای 1- تا 1+) در کرتهای مختلف انجام شد. تیمارهای شوری آب در دو سطح 5/0 و 0/6 دسیزیمنس بر متر اعمال گردید. بدین صورت که در شرایط عدم تنش شوری (مقدار 1+)، آبیاری پالسی با سه پالس آب شیرین انجام شد.اما در شرایط تنش کامل شوری (کد 1-)، آبیاری پالسی در سه پالس آب شور صورت گرفت. برای تعیین حدود بهینه این پارامترها، از روش سطح-پاسخ استفاده گردید. نتایج نشان داد که در بهینهترین حالت (تیمار 60 درصد آبیاری و پالس آبیاری بهصورت آب شیرین-آب شور-آب شیرین)، وزن خشک و تر علوفه به ترتیب برابر با 7/6845 و 9/24827 کیلوگرم در هکتار به دست آمد. همچنین فیبر و قند محلول علوفه به ترتیب به 0/15 و 4/10 درصد رسیدند. لازم به ذکر است، مقادیر بهینه آب آبیاری برابر با 60 درصد نیاز آبی و مقدار بهینه کد روش پالسی برابر با صفر به دست آمد. لذا پیشنهاد می شود برای رسیدن به پارامترهای بهینه کمی و کیفی علوفهی کینوا، روش آبیاری پالسی به صورت آب شیرین-آب شور-آب شیرین و با تأمین 60 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه کینوا انجام شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| : آبیاری پالسی؛ درصد فیبر؛ کم‌آبیاری؛ کیفیت کینوا | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Determining the Optimal Irrigation Amount and Salinity in Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) by Surface-Response Method | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| jalal gharibvan notorki1؛ halimeh piri1؛ parviz haghighatjoo1؛ amir naserin2؛ mahdi asadi loor3 | ||
| 1phd student, Department of Water Engineering, College of Water and Soil, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Water Engineering, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Ahvaz – Iran | ||
| 3Department of Water Engineering, Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) has been introduced as one of the crops to ensure food security in the world, which can tolerate water and drought stress. However, the cultivation development of quinoa under water and salinity stress in Khuzestan province, Iran, should be based on determining the limits of irrigation water and determining its tolerance to salinity. To achieve this goal, the present research was conducted in a research farm located in Baghmalek city, in the east of Khuzestan province, Iran, at the latitude of 31° 41’ N and longitude of 49° 51’ E during 2022-2023. In this research, the quinoa was grown under pulse drip irrigation. Irrigation water was supplied between 60% and 100% of the water requirement (code -1 to +1) in different plots. Applying salinity treatment with two water sources with salinities of 0.5 and 0.6 dS.m-1. Thus, in the absence of salinity stress (code +1), pulse irrigation was done with three fresh water pulses. In the conditions of full salinity stress (code -1), pulse irrigation was done with three pulses of saline water. Response-surface method was used to determine the optimal amounts of these parameters. The results showed that in the optimal state (Treatment of 60% irrigation and pulse irrigation in the form of fresh water-salt water-fresh water), the dry weight of fodder was equal to 6845.7 and the wet weight of fodder was equal to 24827.9 kg.ha-1. In addition, the percentage of fiber and soluble sugars of fodder reached 0.15 and 10.4%, respectively. It is worth mentioning, the optimal amount of irrigation water was equal to 60% of the water requirement and the pulse method code was equal to zero. Therefore, it is suggested to reach the optimal quantitative and qualitative parameters of quinoa fodder, the pulse irrigation method is done in the form of fresh water-salt water-fresh water and by providing 60% of the water requirement of the quinoa. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Pulse Irrigation, Fiber Percentage, Deficit Irrigation, Quinoa Quality | ||
| مراجع | ||
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