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تحلیل عوامل موثر در مدیریت مشارکتی سیل در مناطق روستایی مطالعه موردی روستاهای سیل‌زده حوزه گرگانرود استان گلستان | ||
| پژوهش های روستائی | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 1، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 353382، دی 1389 اصل مقاله (583.94 K) | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| عبدالرضا رکن الدین افتخاری؛ مهدی پورطاهری؛ طاهره صادقلو؛ حمدالله سجاسی قیداری | ||
| چکیده | ||
| جوامع روستایی و فعالیت‌های تولیدی، خدماتی آن‌ها به دلیل ارتباط تنگاتنگ با محیط طبیعی، از دیرباز در معرض نیروهای مخرب طبیعی قرار داشته‌اند، لذا ساکنان هر منطقه به تجربه اقداماتی را برای مقابله با این حوادث و کاهش آثار زیانبار آن بر جوامع خود به کار بسته‌اند. اغلب مطالعات و اقدامات صورت گرفته نیز حاکی از آن است که کانون توجهات عمومی به عوامل فیزیکی و محیط انسانساخت مخصوصا مسکن معطوف بوده و نگرش یکپارچه که در برگیرنده سیستم‌های اقتصادی، اجتماعی و محیطی باشد، چندان مورد توجه قرار نگرفته است. با این دیدگاه در این مقاله با استفاده از روش‌شناسی توصیفی و تحلیلی، تلاش می‌شود تا به این پرسش کلیدی پاسخ داده شود که عوامل تاثیرگذار (اقتصادی، اجتماعی و اکولوژیکی) در فرآیند مدیریت سیل روستاها با رویکرد مشارکتی در سه دوره قبل، حین و بعد از وقوع سیل در حوزه گرگانرود چگونه است؟ لذا با توجه به شرایط اقلیمی و نیمرخ عرضی و توپوگرافی و غیره در مسیر رودخانه گرگانرود، نقاط روستایی در معرض خطر سیل با استفاده از ماژول مدل HEC-GeoRAS در محیط GIS و بکارگیری تصاویر ماهواره‌ای ETM+ لندست، مدل رقومی ارتفاع، مقاطع عرضی در رودخانه، مقاطع طولی به همراه شیب متوسط هر مقطع شناسایی شد و پرسشنامه‌ها در روستاهای مورد مطالعه توزیع گردید که در نهایت پس از تجزیه و تحلیل، نتایج به دست آمده نشان داد که مسئولین مشارکت اقتصادی و مردم مشارکت اجتماعی را در زمینه مدیریت و کاهش سیل در روستاها را در اولویت می‌دانند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| استان گلستان؛ برنامه‌ریزی روستایی؛ مدیریت مخاطرات؛ معیارهای مؤثر مدیریت سیل | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Analyzing the Effective Factor in Participatory Flood Management in Rural Area (Case Study: flooded villages of Gorganrud Basin in Golestan Province) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| abdoreza roknoddin eftekhari؛ mehdi pourtaheri؛ tahere sadeghlou؛ hamdollah sojasi qidari | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Rural community and their services, productive activities, because of strong relation with environment, from long bygone were exposed to disastrous natural power. Therefore residents of every region by experiment, apply the approaches and measurement to contrast with these events and reduce the damage of them in their community. public attention focused on physical factor and human making environment, especially settlement and hasn’t pay attention to integrated attitude that include economical, social and environmental systems. Regional rural development in border of rivers, bed of flood plains without attention to rivers Hydrologic and Dynamic in basin topside, incentive increase of flood danger, bane, financial and infrastructure damage in rural region.. In this article with attention to climate characters, topographic profile in flood plains, rainfalls sustain time and flood recurrence period, appoint to flood zoning in course of Gorganrud River for identity of rural point in flood hazard. Danger of flood in Iran, increased worriedly in early years, that it was the result of interference change and human activities in ecological structure of around environment, that in each period of time, as regards to the community developing level, the approaches pursue to reduction this disaster. Really, using of this planning management pattern could be change the rural people condition toward themselves around environment, some deal and also with using of their potencies and experiment, benefit in flood management. On the other hand, about flood phenomena and its occurrence in earlier decade, new pattern of planning management regarded, that more than structural management regard to nonstructural management. Rural points in Gorganrood basin permanently affected by flood. MethodologyOn the other hand, about flood phenomena and its occurrence in earlier decade, new pattern of planning management regarded, that more than structural management regard to nonstructural management. Rural points in Gorganrood basin permanently affected by flood. On the other hand, about flood phenomena and its occurrence in earlier decade, new pattern of planning management regarded, that more than structural management regard to nonstructural management. Rural points in Gorganrood basin permanently affected by flood. This way could aid planers to think a necessary planning and management scheme for danger reduction before flood occurrence in rural area and rural flood hazard suppression to minimum limit. For achieve this result, use of HEC-GeoRAS model in GIS sphere and LANDSAT ETM+ satellite images, DTM and etc. result show that used model is a useful and appropriate tools for flood management in rural area. With this attitude, in this article try to use of descriptive and analytic methodology, answer to this key question that ''what are the effective factor (economical, social and ecological) in flood management process with participatory approach, during three period of flood occurrence (before, along and after) Results & Discussion Therefore, this study tries to study rural people attitude toward participation and amount of its efficiency in flood destroyer impacts reduction. For this purpose, in three dimensions, economic, social and environmental dimensions, rural people participation in three period of flood occurrence, before, along and after, with attributive and territorial methodology and with descriptive and statistic analyzing method. Result of this study demonstrate this reality that answerable prefer economic participation, but rural people belief to social participation in flood management. On the other hand two groups under study prefer that participation has a high influence in flood management, when implement before of flood occurrence. Conclusion As we mentioned in this chapter, water- based threats and risks have been considered as one of the energy related and expensive problems in many countries. That is why; we assumed it as ever increasing difficulties of the present world which requires serious attention. It must be noted that despite of inevitable effects of the local conditions, we have to use the experiences of other regions in such risks management; also, the necessity of local communities' participation is very efficient as the first and the most important vulnerable population. In the present research we define and state the flood management, also we define disaster, participatory management and the flood management. Then we explain traditional and modern approaches on the flood management. The traditional approaches contained structural and none-structural ones which were replaced by the modern approaches; because they had very low and relative successes in the flood management arena. The modern approaches contained systematic or integrated management and community-based or participatory management they were replaced and combined in order to be effective and efficient. We also explain the advantages and the aspects of the community-based and participatory approaches in the flood management, in order to study whether such approaches enable the local communities and villages to reduce threats and hurts and whether they are responsive the research questions. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Disaster management, effective factor in flood management, Golestan province, rural planning | ||
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