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اولویت سنجش راهبردهای توسعه گردشگری فرهنگی در منطقه الموت قزوین | ||
| پژوهشهای جغرافیای انسانی | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 45، شماره 3، مهر 1392، صفحه 1-17 اصل مقاله (597.41 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jhgr.2013.35242 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علی حسینی1؛ احمد پوراحمد* 2؛ حسن اروجی3؛ محمد علیزاده4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه تهران، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 2استاد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 3دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی تهران | ||
| 4دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی توریسم، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| گردشگری یکی از شاخص هایی است که روابط بین افراد را تنظیم می کند، در این میان گردشگری فرهنگی که به فرآیند بازدید از مکان ها و آثار فرهنگی و شناخت جوامع مختلف مربوط می شود، بیش از انواع دیگر گردشگری در این موضوع مؤثّر است. الموت با داشتن قلعه ها، بناهای تاریخی و مذهبی و همچنین روستاهای تاریخی و گردشگری، همراه با تنوع اقوام و نژاد و هنرهای سنّتی، یکی از مناطق گردشگریِ فرهنگی کشور به شمار می آید. با توجه به آسیب پذیری منطقه به لحاظ فرهنگی، پژوهش پیش رو سعی بر این داشت که با استفاده روش برنامه ریزی راهبردی ضمن بررسی نقاط قوت و ضعف و فرصت و تهدید در بخش گردشگری QSPM و SWOT فرهنگی، بهترین راهبردها را برای مقابله با این تهدیدها و بهره گیری از فرصت ها تعیین کند. روش پژوهش توصیفی تحلیلی است و گردآوری اطلاعات با استفاده از روش های مشاهده ی مستقیم و مصاحبه با کارشناسان و نخبگان دانشگاهی و تهیه ی پرسش نامه انجام گرفته است. در فرآیند جمع آوری پرسش نامه ی دلفی، جامعه ی نمونه در دو سطح مختلف مدیران، کارشناسان مرتبط با سازمان میراث فرهنگی الموت و متخصصان و صاحب نظران دانشگاهی، تقسیم بندی شد. در این بخش از روش گلوله ی برفی برای تعیین حجم نمونه استفاده شد. یافته های پژوهش نشان داد که بهترین نوع راهبرد برای وضعیت کنونی الموت، تدوین راهبردهای تنوع است که باید برای بهره گیری از فرصت ها در آینده انجام گیرد. در اولویت بندی که با استفاده از ماتریس برنامه ریزی راهبردی کمی انجام شد، راهبرد ثبت جهانی الموت و ایجاد تأسیسات در مجاورت مکان های تاریخی و راهبردهای تعیین ظرفیت تحمل مکان ها، هدایت گردشگران به امکان ناشناخته، تحریک جامعه ی بومی برای مشارکت در فرآیند گردشگری و استفاده ی بهینه از کاربری چشم اندازهای تاریخی، جذاب ترین راهبردها تعیین شدند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| گردشگری فرهنگی؛ سنجش راهبرد؛ برنام هریزی راهبردی؛ الموت؛ قزوین | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Priority of Measuring the Strategies for Development of Cultural Tourism in Alamut, Qazvin | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ali Hosseini1؛ Ahmad Pourahmad2؛ Hasan Oroji3؛ Mohammad Alizadeh4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Candidate in Geography & Urban Planning, University of Tehran | ||
| 2Prof. of Geography and Urban Planning, University of Tehran | ||
| 3Ph.D. Student, Geography and Rural Planning, Kharazmi University | ||
| 4MA. in Geography and Tourism Planning, University of Tehran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Nowadays, tourism is considered as one of the effective factors in promotion of communications among nations. It is presented as creator of job opportunities in the economic section and social-cultural interactions. Cultural tourism can be characterized in two different aspects. From the conceptual viewpoint, people move towards the cultural attractions far from their current residential place to achieve new information and experiences for meeting their cultural needs. In the terms of cultural tourism, human beings move towards some particular cultural attractions such as places with historical heritage, cultural and aesthetics signs, arts and plays out of their ordinary residential places. Both perspectives towards cultural tourism help a better coexistence, continuity, stability, and safety. Alamut is considered as one of the cultural and historical places in Iran. Customs, traditions, race, manual industry, arts, and cultural and religious traditions have made this place a tourist attraction. It is evident that this considerations and opportunities may have negative and threatening effects as well as positive ones. Methodology Not much time has passed since utilizing strategic planning and evolution in geography in general and in urban as well as zone development in particular. This method is one of the public tools for both internal environment analyses (Strengths and Weaknesses) and external environment analyses (Opportunities and Threats), besides, it is a systematic approach which can be helpful in decision making. This is a descriptive-analytical study with quantitative tool. In order to collect and arrange such factors various types of resources were used as follows: A library, documental approach, published articles and papers concerning the cultural tourism, direct observation and survey, field research, interview and providing questionnaire using Delphi method and considering the opinions of experts of Qazvin Cultural Heritage, Handcrafts and Tourism Organization and Alamut Cultural Heritage and Tourism Database, and academic experts. In collecting questionnaires, the participants have been divided into two different levels. In this stage, the snowball technique has been applied to determine the sample volume. − Group A: The opinions of this group have been collected using 14 questionnaires; the participants are as follows: The president and managers and experts in Qazvin CHHTO and Alamut CHTD. − Group B: academic experts responded to 15 questionnaires. Results and Discussion According to the high score of the external factors rather than the internal ones, Alamut cultural tourism is more affected by opportunities and threats than the strength and weakness factors. This is due to the appropriate conditions of this place for the opportunities. It means that due to the high cultural attractions and potentials, Alamut attracts the attention of both the local community and authorities and the tourists who come from other areas. This place needs the collaboration and potentialities of the neighboring areas for the development of its cultural tourism to eliminate the deficiencies and enhance the capacities. Hence, upon the variety-centered strategies it should be emphasized. Four groups of strategies were determined in terms of different performance degree. According to the findings, variety strategies are more effective on Alamut cultural tourism. This section has examined four of the six selected strategies. In other words, some strategies in which the expected threats are prevented through strong factors should be exerted. Before that, Alamut should return backward a little and take a defensive stance, though. First of all, the future opportunities should be taken into consideration, and then, take benefit of the strong factors to provide a strategy that suppresses the threats (defensive strategy). After that, the variety strategies could be presented. Conclusion In a comprehensive study, it can be mentioned that the development opportunities of cultural tourism gradually cope with other factors in the current trend of Alamut cultural tourism, and the surrounding areas of Alamut have a positive historical and recreational appeals for cultural tourism of this area. Lack of opportunities in the selected strategies indicate that this place of Qazvin is not still ready to associate with the external culture and conditions and a hasty attention to the possible opportunities changes most of them to threat. However, in the future it may be revealed that a window of tourism opportunities would be gradually opened towards Alamut. Anyway, it is necessary to eliminate the deficiencies and prevent the threats to make use of these opportunities. In this situation, the competitive strategies could be used as well as the aggressive strategies, i.e. using the weakness factors to take benefit of the opportunities, to eliminate the deficiencies through utilization of the opportunities. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| cultural tourism, strategic planning, Measuring the Strategy, Alamut, qazvin | ||
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