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ارزیابی مکان استقرار شعب بانک‌ها و مؤسسات مالی و اعتباری منطقه 6 شهر تهران با استفاده از تکنیک DEMATEL و فرآیند تحلیل شبکهای(ANP) | ||
| پژوهشهای جغرافیای انسانی | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 45، شماره 3، مهر 1392، صفحه 77-94 اصل مقاله (1.78 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jhgr.2013.35246 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حسنعلی فرجی سبکبار* 1؛ سید کاظم علوی پناه2؛ محمد حسن نامی3؛ غدیر عشورنژاد4 | ||
| 1دانشیار دانشکده ی جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 2استاد دانشکده ی جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 3دکترای جغرافیای سیاسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تهران مرکز | ||
| 4دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد سنجش از دور و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی، دانشکده ی جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| ارزیابی وضعیت استقرار مراکز مالی و تجاری، به ویژه بانک ها و مؤسسه های مالی و اعتباری، در برابر سایر رقبا را می توان مهم ترین مسئله ی پیش روی بانک ها در راستای بازنگری مجد د در ساختار شبکه ی بانکی آنها به منظور کاهش هزینه ها و افزایش بهر هوری دانست. این پژوهش برای ارزیابی وضعیت استقرار (GIS) به دنبال ارائه ی مدلی در سامانه ی اطلاعات جغرافیایی بانک ها و مؤسسه های مالی و اعتباری است. برای رسیدن به این هدف ، پس از شناسایی معیار ها و عوامل مؤثّر اقتصادی با توجه به تأثیر گذاری و تأثیر پذیری معیارها از یکدیگر در دنیای واقعی، روش دیماتیل برای شناسایی این روابط مورد استفاده قرار گرفت و پس از تکمیل پرسش نامه ی مقایسه ی زوجی از سوی کارشناسان، از مدل فرآیند تحلیل شبک ه ای برای وزن دهی به آنها استفاده شد. از اوزان به دست آمده، بر اساس شعاع تأثیرگذاری (ANP) معیار ها برای مدل سازی فضایی و پهن هبندی منطقه از عملگر جمع جبری فازی استفاده شد. این فرآیند در منطقه ی شش شهر تهران اجرا شد و از نتایج آن، وضعیت هر کدام از شعب بان کها و مؤسسه های مالی و اعتباری به دست آمد. نتایج حاصل در قالب جداول برای مدیران و برنامه ریزان این امر مهم اقتصادی، بیان کننده ی وضعیت کنونی هر کدام از شعب آنان در برابر رقبای دیگر است تا در صورت لزوم، نسبت به اتخاذ تصمیم های بهینه برای سودآوری بیشتر راهگشا باشد. بر اساس مشاهدات میدانی، مدل مورد نظر مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت و از ضریب برای تعیین میزان همگونی میان نتایج به دست آمده در مدل و نتایج مشاهدات c تاو کندال 0را نشان م یدهد که از رابطه ی قوی بین / استفاده شد. نتایج به دست آمده ضریبی برابر با 748 دو متغیر حکایت می کند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بانک و مؤسس هی مالی و اعتباری؛ روش دیماتیل و فرآیند تحلیل شبکه های | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Spatial Analysis of the Location of Banks, Financial and Credit Institutions in 6th District of Tehran by DEMATEL techniques and Analytic Network Process (ANP) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Hasan Ali Faraji Sabokbar1؛ Seyed Kazem Alavi Panah2؛ Mohammad Hasan Nami3؛ Qadir Ashournejad4 | ||
| 1Associate Prof. in Rural Geography, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran | ||
| 2Prof. of Geography, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran | ||
| 3Ph.D. in Political Geography, National Geographical Organization | ||
| 4M.A. Student in RS & GIS, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Extended Abstract Introduction Growth of banks, financial and credit institutes in the recent years, their competition for more advantages and also the subject of customer satisfaction made it essential to use scientific methods for an optimized performance. An optimal decision, especially in site selection of financial institution or services, plays an important role in successful achievement of the goals and is also effective in customer attracting. A wrong site selection of the financial institution or services will reduce the efficiency, increase the costs and may also cause the irreversible losses in the competition with other institutions. Therefore, it is necessary to make an optimal decision in site selection of the banks and financial and credit institutes to achieve the highest rates of return rather than the costs of setting up in order to provide customer service, and establishing the highest possible use of site capacity. For example, evidence shows that customer satisfaction has a direct relationship with access to the ATMs. Thus, urban economic zoning to select the suitable areas for such activity, and to evaluate the current performance and subsidiaries of future potential, is very important for closing the branches and move them to the appropriate locations. The most important aim of this study is to provide a model for economic zoning and site selection of banks, financial and credit institutes and their services. Methodology This research has been executed in a development-application approach and employed descriptive-analytical methods. According to the research objectives, the economic criteria in the banking system have primarily been identified through a literature review (previous research) and also completed through expert opinions. Then, in a field survey the required data have been collected to prepare the criteria for future analysis. DEMATEL1 techniques have been used for identification of the internal relationships among the criteria. After completing the pairwise comparisons questionnaire, and obtaining the results by the experts based on Copeland method and by Analytical Network Process (ANP) model the weights has been determined for each pair of the criteria. To determine the potential radius of influence for each criterion in a given area, the model presented by Keyter has been used. Fuzzy membership function for each of the indices have been calculated and then combined by Fuzzy Algebraic Sum operator. In this research, MATLAB software has been applied to implement DEMATEL techniques. Super Decision software has also been applied for calculation of analysis network process model, and ArcGIS software for spatial modeling and zonation. Afterwards, the status of each branch of the banks and the financial and credit institutes of the region was obtained by plugging it into the model output in tables. Finally, the SPSS software was used to assess homogeneity of the results obtained from models and the results of field observations. Results and Discussion The first step in the site selection of the banks and the financial and credit institutes is to determine the effective criteria, identify and prepare them by expert opinion taken from literature and previous evidence (Table 1). For identification of the relations between the criteria, DEMATEL technique has been performed. The weights of criteria and sub criteria have been determined using the Analytic Network Process. Table1. The final weights for each of the following criteria and sub criteria using ANP Transport and Demand / consumption Municipal services and facilities Traffic Educational Traffic Transport Traffic Transport and cultural Educational Transport and cultural Economic and commercial 0.257521 0.143788 0.040825 0.200450 0.143788 0.040825 0.200450 0.143788 For Spatial Modeling and zonation of the area, we have determined fuzzy membership function by the potential radius of influence of each criterion in the supposed area. They have been calculated by in ArcGIS by the model presented by Keyter and then combined with each other by Fuzzy Algebraic Sum operator. In order to assess economic features of the area and to evaluate the results of the study, the area on the basis of standard deviation method was classified into 6 classes. Class 1 regarding to the more radius of influence is the best economic class for establishment of the branches and afterward presentation of services and facilities. The other classes decrease from 1 to 6, orderly, in the importance of preferences. The results show that only 0.443 percent of the area is in class 1, 6.306 percent in class 2 and proportion of classes 3, 4, 5 and 6 are 26.022, 34.142, 25.390 and 7.696 percent, respectively. About the branches of the banks and the financial and credit institutes which in this study are just in classes 1-4 , the proportion of these branches in these 4 classes is, respectively, equal to 8.01, 50.904,40.052 and 1.034 percent (31,197,155 and 4 branches). For evaluating the results of the model, in each class of banks and the financial and credit institutes some branches were chosen randomly and have been observed using survey methods. The results of a qualitative field observation have been ranked in the range of numbers from 1 to 4. The number 1 has been considered as the regional economy with high ability and 4 as the regional economy with low ability. The coefficient Kendall's tau-c in SPSS software was used to determine the homogeneity among the results obtained in the model and observations results. The results reported the coefficient equal to 0.748 with Significance less than 5 percent that indicates the strong relationship between two variables. Conclusion This Classification is useful for managers of the banks and the financial and credit institutes and also the planners to identify the area of economic-potential for the construction of new branches and establishment of ATMs and also to identify the current status against other competitors for the current and future planning. The results also can be very useful for closing the non-optimal branches and reestablish them in the appropriate areas. This can also be utilized for allocation of ATM machines to each of the branches, according to their location and adjustment of ATMs in non-optimal branches to transfer them to other optimized branches. The results will provide the economic managers with a broad insight into the most important world economy positions. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Banks and Financial and Credit Institutes, DEMATEL technique, Analytic Network Process (ANP) | ||
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