تعداد نشریات | 161 |
تعداد شمارهها | 6,532 |
تعداد مقالات | 70,501 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 124,112,250 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 97,216,047 |
ارزیابی پایداری فضاهای سبز شهری در مناطق پانزدهگانۀ شهر اصفهان | ||
پژوهشهای جغرافیای انسانی | ||
مقاله 11، دوره 48، شماره 4، دی 1395، صفحه 751-763 اصل مقاله (1.11 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jhgr.2016.53398 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
احمد خادم الحسینی1؛ صفر قائدرحمتی* 2؛ زهرا جمشیدی3 | ||
1دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد نجفآباد، ایران | ||
2استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، ایران | ||
3دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری، دانشگاه یزد، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
قرارگرفتن در فضای مدرن، افزایش جمعیت و رشد شهرنشینی، شهرها را به کانون تجمعهای زیستی و فعالیتهای مختلف تبدیل کرده و آنها را با کمبود فضاهای سبز عمومی روبهرو ساخته است. از سوی دیگر، گذر از مدرنیته و قرارگرفتن در جهان پسامدرن و نیز بهوجودآمدن حس نوستالژیک در این فضا، نیاز شهروندان برای گذران اوقات فراغت را افزایش داده و سبب گرایش به بازگشت به فضاهای سبز در شهرهای مدرن شده است که این خود آثار اجتماعی، روانی و فرهنگی زیادی را شهرنشینان این فضاها دارد. اهمیت فضاهای سبز شهری تا حدی است که امروزه وجود این کاربری، یکی از شاخصهای توسعهیافتگی جوامع بهشمار میآید. هدف این پژوهش، بررسی فضاهای سبز درجهت رسیدن به استانداردها و وضعیت مطلوب و نیز ارزیابی پایداری شهری از منظر پارکها و فضاهای سبز عمومی در شهر اصفهان است و در آن، بهصورت تطبیقی، مناطق پانزدهگانة کلانشهر اصفهان بررسی شده است. پژوهش، اسنادی- تحلیلی است و جمعبندی دادههای کمی در قالب مدل ضریب پراکندگی، نتیجة نهایی تحقیق را به دست داده است. یافتهها در زمینۀ چگونگی توزیع فضاهای سبز شهری در مناطق پانزدهگانة اصفهان نشانگر آن است که توزیع فضاهای سبز شهری در شهر اصفهان، متعادل است؛ بهنحویکه از این منظر، مناطق شهری 2، 4، 5 و 6 در شرایط پایدار، مناطق 7، 9، 12 و 13 در شرایط نیمهپایدار و سایر مناطق در شرایط ناپایدار به سر میبرند. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
ارزیابی پایداری؛ شهر اصفهان؛ فضای سبز شهری | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Assessment of sustainability in Urban Green Space in 15 districts of Isfahan | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Ahmad Khademolhoseini1؛ safar ghaedrahmati2؛ Zahra Jamshidi3 | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Assessment of sustainability in Urban Green Space in 15 districts of Isfahan Extended Abstract Introduction Urban green spaces play an important role in improving quality of life and sustainability in cities and require a careful empirical assessment. Several factors such as social, economic, ecological or planning aspects and several functions such as utilization, production, employment, education, regulation and preservation of urban green spaces form the basis for the determination of the criteria and indicators relevant for the assessment of urban green spaces. The city is identified as altered natural environment by excessive changes in nature and increasing presence of manmade structures. Urban green spaces are remnants of nature in this environment and play an important role in ascending the level of life quality in the city. In this study the sustainability of urban green spaces in Isfahan city were studied. The studies indicate a considerable balance and sustainability in urban green spaces with a more intensity in the Isfahan zones. Methodology The methodology of this paper is analytical and descriptive and applied in biased on goal. The results of this paper can use in programs and politics in Isfahan municipality. The scale of the research is urban green space in Isfahan city. The data and information collected from Isfahan municipality. For data analysis we use land measurement model, urban green spaces modal and D.V model for urban land diffusion. Result and Discussion In land use planning, urban open space is open space areas for "parks", "green spaces", and other open areas. The landscape of urban open spaces can range from playing fields to highly maintained environments to relatively natural landscapes. They are commonly open to public access, however, urban open spaces may be privately owned. In between urban land use, green spaces are part of the frameworks of the cities, which we refer to as the animate of the framework structure of the city, and in correlation with inanimate of the city; they create the texture and appearance of it. But according to importance of expansion of green space in cities, instead of the development and expansion of these spaces in Isfahan which was someday regarded as the model of Islamic garden –city with appropriate green space, the focus in the recent years have been more on the development of framework- residential, commercial, structures and roads, parking lots etc. In land use planning, urban open space is open space areas for "parks", "green spaces", and other open areas. The landscape of urban open spaces can range from playing fields to highly maintained environments to relatively natural landscapes. They are commonly open to public access, however, urban open spaces may be privately owned. In between urban land use, green spaces are part of the frameworks of the cities, which we refer to as the animate of the framework structure of the city, and in correlation with inanimate of the city; they create the texture and appearance of it. But according to importance of expansion of green space in cities, instead of the development and expansion of these spaces in Isfahan which was someday regarded as the model of Islamic garden –city with appropriate green space, the focus in the recent years have been more on the development of framework- residential, commercial, structures and roads, parking lots etc. In land use planning, urban open space is open space areas for "parks", "green spaces", and other open areas. The landscape of urban open spaces can range from playing fields to highly maintained environments to relatively natural landscapes. They are commonly open to public access, however, urban open spaces may be privately owned. In between urban land use, green spaces are part of the frameworks of the cities, which we refer to as the animate of the framework structure of the city, and in correlation with inanimate of the city; they create the texture and appearance of it. But according to importance of expansion of green space in cities, instead of the development and expansion of these spaces in Isfahan which was someday regarded as the model of Islamic garden –city with appropriate green space, the focus in the recent years have been more on the development of framework- residential, commercial, structures and roads, parking lots etc. In land use planning, urban open space is open space areas for "parks", "green spaces", and other open areas. The landscape of urban open spaces can range from playing fields to highly maintained environments to relatively natural landscapes. They are commonly open to public access, however, urban open spaces may be privately owned. Conclusion Urban green space provides recreational areas for residents and helps to enhance the beauty and environmental quality of neighborhoods. But with this broad range of recreational sites comes an equally broad range of environmental issues. Just as in any other land uses, the way parks are managed can have good or bad environmental impacts, from pesticide runoff, siltation from overused hiking and logging trails, and destruction of habitat. Lack of community and public access to safe open and green space is a critical area of concern for urban residents in Isfahan city.By allocating mainly open and undeveloped lands to green and open space development, improving average per capita green space is targeted. With considering land availability and differences in population concentration all 15 urban districts faces different limitation and therefore need to adapt different and appropriate strategies. In this paper whole of species of urban space such as parks, green belts, urban green space in street in 15 districts in Isfahan city analyzed. The results show that 4 districts of Isfahan has more urban green space and 11 districts has least urban green space Keywords: urban green space, sustainability assessment, Isfahan city, Iran. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
urban, green, Space, Sustainability, Isfahan | ||
مراجع | ||
Afzan Buyadi, Siti Nor. Wan Mohd, Wan Mohd Naim. Misni, Alamah, 2013, Green Spaces Growth Impact on the Urban Microclimate, Procedia- Social and Behavioral Sciences, No. 105, PP. 547-557.
Crisp, F., 1979, Catherine Childs Paterson, Medieval Gardens, New York.
Hofmann, Mathias, Westermann, Janneke R, Kowarik, Ingo, Meer, Elke van der, 2012, Perceptions of Parks and by Landscape Planners and Residents, Urban Foresty & Urban Greening, No. 11, PP. 303-312.
Miller, D., Mitchell, R. and Clow, A., 2013, Green Space and Stress: Evidence from Ortisol Measure in Deprived Urban Communities, International Journal of Environmentsl Research and Public Health, No. 10, PP. 4086-4103.
Ghodoussi, M., 2002, Urban Parks: Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow, Municipality Publications, Vol. 2, No. 21, PP. 90-97. (In Persian)
قدوسی. مهران، 1380، پارکهای شهری: دیروز، امروز، فردا، نشر شهرداری، سال دوم، شمارۀ 21، صص 97-90. Hosseinzadeh Dalir, K., 1992, Comprehensive Land Use Planning and Designing of Urban Green Space in the Park, Journal of Teaching Geography, Vol. 27, PP. 12-19 (In Persian)
حسینزاده دلیر، کریم، 1370، برنامهریزی شهری جامع و طراحی فضاهای سبز پارک، مجلة آموزش جغرافیا، شمارۀ 27، صص 19-12. Hekmati, J., 1992, Garden and Park Design, Publications of Comprehensive culture, Tehran, Second printing (In Persian)
حکمتی، جمشید.، 1370، طراحی پارک و زمین، انتشارات فرهنگ جامع، تهران، چاپ دوم Isfahan Municipality, 2014, Statistical information of the city, Assistance Program Planning Publications, Research and Information Technology of Isfahan Municipality. (In Persian)
شهرداری اصفهان، 1393، آمارنامۀ شهر، انتشارات کمکبرنامهریزی، مرکز پژوهش و فناوری اطلاعات شهرداری اصفهان. Jenny J. Roe, Catharine Ward Thomposon, Peter A. Aspinall, Mark J. Brewer, Elizabeth I. Duff, David Miller, Richard Mitchell, Angela Clow, (2013), Green Space and Stress: Evidence from Cortisol Measure in Deprived Urban Communities, International Journal of Environmentsl Research and Public Health,10,4086-4103 (In Persian)
Mohammadzadeh, R., 1998, Green Space and Its Role in Urban Development, Quarterly of Sepehr, VO 7, No. 26, PP. 1-12. (In Persian)
محمدزاده، رحمت، 1376، فضای سبز و نقش آن در توسعۀ شهری، فصلنامۀ سپهر ، دوره هفتم، شمارۀ 26، صص 1-12 Mohammadi Dahcheshme, M. and Hakim M., 2009, Tehran Sustainability in Terms of Parks and Public Green Spaces Evaluation Model Based on Coefficient of Variation, Shahrnegar, No. 52, PP. 27-36. (In Persian)
محمدی دهچشمه، مصطفی، حکیم، مدیا، 1388، ارزیابی پایداری تهران از نظر پارکها و فضاهای سبز عمومی براساس مدل ضریب تغییرات، مجلۀ شهرنگار، شمارۀ 52، صص 27- 36. Mohammadi A. and Eskandari, A., 2006, Given the Importance of Green Space Per Capita and Its Relation to Population Growth, Abadi Quarterly, No. 16, PP. 16-24 (In Persian)
محمدی، علیرضا. و ابوالقاسم اسکندری، 1385، اهمیت سرانۀ فضای سبز و ارتباط آن با رشد جمعیت، فصلنامۀ آبادی، شمارۀ شانزدهم، صص 24-16 Madanipour, A., 2000, Urban Design, a View on the Social and Spatial Processes, Translated by: Mortezaei, F., 1st Edition, Processing and Urban Planning, Tehran. (In Persian)
مدنیپور، علی، 1380، طراحی شهری، مشاهدهای بر فرایندهای فضایی و اجتماعی، ترجمۀ فاطمه مرتضایی، چاپ اول، مطبوعات پردازش و برنامهریزی، تهران. Maas, J., Verheij, R. A., Spreeuwenberg, P. & Groenewegen., 2008, Physical activity as a possible mechanism behind the relationship between green space and health: A multilevel analysis, BMC Public Health. VO 8, NO 206, p. p11.
Municipality of Isfahan, 2014, Statistical information of Greenbelt Town, Publications Department of Municipal Utilities, Isfahan. (In Persian)
شهرداری اصفهان، 1393، آمارنامۀ کمربند سبز شهر، انتشارات بخش تأسیسات شهری، اصفهان. Neema Mehr Nigar, Maniruzzaman Khandoker Md, Ohagai Akira, 2013, Green Urbanism Incorporating Greenery-Based Conceptual Model towards Attaining a Sustainable Healthy Livable Environment—Dhaka City’s Perspective, Scientific Research, Vol 1, No 3, pp 19-27.
Neema Mehr Nigar, Maniruzzaman Khandoker Md, Ohagai Akira, 2013, Urban Greening Using an Intelligent Multi-Objective Location Modelling with Real Barriers: Towards a Sustainable City Planning, Scientific Research, Vol.1, No. 4, PP. 74-86.
Roseland, M., 1997, Dimension of the Eco-city, Vol. 14, No. 4 PP. 63-72.
Shah Md, Atiqul Haq., 2011, Urban Green Spaces and Integrative Approach to Sustainable Environment, Journal of Enivironmental Protection, PP. 601-608.
Saeidnia, A., 2000, Urban Green Space, Green Book of Municipalities Vol. 9, 3rd Edition, Publishing the country's municipalities, Tehran. (In Persian)
سعیدنیا، احمد، 1380، فضای سبز شهری، کتاب سبز شهرداریها، دورۀ نهم، چاپ سوم، انتشارات شهرداری و دهیاریهای کشور، تهران. Shahroudian, M., 2004, Factors in Maintaining Parks and Green Spaces, Journal of Municipality, Vol. 6, No. 67, PP. 18-26 (In Persian)
شاهرودیان، مرضیه، 1383، فاکتورهای نگهداری پارکها و فضاهای سبز شهری، مجلۀ شهرداریها، سال ششم، شمارۀ 67، صص 26-18. Salehifard, M. and Alizadeh, S.D., 2008, Analysis of the Social and Psychological Dimensions of Green Spaces in Cities (Urban Management Approach), Urban Management Quarterly, No. 21. P. 30. (In Persian)
صالحیفرد، محمد و سید دانا علیزاده، 1387، تحلیلی بر ابعاد اجتماعی و روانشناختی فضای سبز در شهرها (رویکرد مدیریت شهری)، فصلنامۀ مدیریت شهری، شمارۀ 21، ص 30. Teymouri, S., Feghhi, J. and Sharifi, M., 2008, Green Space Estimation Using IKONOS Imagery, Journal - Research of Forest and Poplar Research, Vol. 16, No. 2, PP. 292-303. (In Persian)
تیموری، سارا، فقهی، جهانگیر. و مرتضی شریفی، 1387، تخمین فضای سبز شهری با استفاده از تصاویر IKONOS، مجلۀ تحقیقات جنگل و صنوبر، دوره 16، شمارۀ 2، صص 292- 303. Yarahmadi, A., 1999, The Human-Oriented Planning, Processing and Urban Planning, Tehran Municipality. (In Persian)
یاراحمدی، امیر.، 1379، برنامهریزی انسانگرا، پردازش و برنامهریزی شهری، شهرداری تهران. Zayyari, K., Vahedian Beiky, L. and Parnoon, Z., 2012, The Study of Environmental Crisis and Local Distribution of Green Space in Tehran City, Urban- Regional Studies and Research Journal, Vol. 4, No. 14, PP. 104. (In Persian)
زیاری، کرامت اله.، واحدیانبیکی، لیلا. و زیبا. پرنون، 1393، بررسی بحرانهای زیستمحیطی و توزیع محلی فضای سبز در شهر تهران، مطالعات و پژوهشهای شهری و منطقهای، سال چهارم، شمارۀ 14، صص 104 Zhang, Hua, Chen, Bo, Sun, Zhi, Bao, Zhiyi, 2013, Landscape Perception and Recreation Needs in Urban Green Space in Fuyang, Hangzhou, China, Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, No. 12, PP. 44-52. | ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 3,190 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 2,131 |