پیوندهای مفید
اخبار و اعلانات
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 158 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 6,230 |
| تعداد مقالات | 67,764 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 115,183,476 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 89,931,287 |
بهینه سازی رشد و عملکرد عروسک پشت پرده با کاربرد ورمی کمپوست در تراکم های مختلف کشت | ||
| به زراعی کشاورزی | ||
| مقاله 12، دوره 17، شماره 4، دی 1394، صفحه 989-1001 اصل مقاله (1.05 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jci.2015.55146 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| لیلا تبریزی* 1؛ حسین محمدی2؛ رضا صالحی3 | ||
| 1استادیار گروه مهندسی علوم باغبانی و فضای سبز، دانشکدۀ علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| 2کارشناسی ارشد گروه مهندسی علوم باغبانی و فضای سبز، دانشکدۀ علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران. | ||
| 3استادیار گروه مهندسی علوم باغبانی و فضای سبز، دانشکدۀ علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بهمنظور بررسی اثر تراکم (50، 75 و 100 سانتیمتر فاصلۀ بین ردیف‌ها) و کود ورمیکمپوست (صفر، 5، 10 و 15 تن در هکتار) بر صفات رویشی، عملکرد کمی و کیفی عروسک پشتپرده (Physalis peruviana L.)، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار، در پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران در سال 1392 صورت گرفت. تیمار‌های مورد آزمایش بر بیشتر صفات مورد اندازه‌گیری (قطر طوقه، ارتفاع بوته، سطح برگ، تعداد شاخۀ جانبی در بوته، وزن خشک بوته، تعداد و وزن میوه در بوته، قطر و وزن تکمیوه، وزن کالیکس، عملکرد کل و بازارپسند، اسیدیتۀ عصاره، مواد جامد محلول، اسید قابل تیتراسیون، شاخصهای رنگ میوه، ویتامین ث و فعالیت آنتیاکسیدانی) به‌خصوص صفات کمی تأثیر معناداری گذاشتند، بهطوری که کاربرد 15 تن در هکتار ورمیکمپوست نسبت به شاهد، وزن میوه در بوته، عملکرد کل و درصد بازارپسندی را بهترتیب 31/37، 82/37 و 52/11 درصد افزایش داد. فاصلۀ بین ردیف 100 سانتیمتر نیز به حصول بیشترین مقدار صفات رشدی و عملکرد منجر شد. همچنین اثر متقابل فاصلۀ بین ردیف 100 سانتیمتر همراه با کاربرد 15 تن در هکتار ورمیکمپوست به حصول بیشترین تعداد میوه در بوته و عملکرد بازارپسند منجر شد. بیشترین مقدار اسید قابل تیتراسیون و فعالیت آنتیاکسیدانی بهترتیب با کاربرد 15 و 10 تن در هکتار ورمیکمپوست، و بیشترین مقدار ویتامین ث، اسید قابل تیتراسیون و مواد جامد محلول بهترتیب در فاصلۀ کشت 50، 75 و 100 سانتیمتر مشاهده شد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| شاخصهای رشدی؛ عملکرد؛ فاصله کاشت؛ کود آلی؛ میوه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Optimizing growth and yield of Cape gooseberry by application of vermicompost under different plant densities | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Leila Tabrizi1؛ Hosein Mohamadi2؛ Reza Salehi3 | ||
| 1. Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 2Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to investigate the effect of planting density (50, 75 and 100 cm inter-row distance) and vermicompost (0, 5, 10 and 15 t.ha-1) on growth, qualitative and quantitative criteria of gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L., Solanaceae), an experiment was conducted as factorial based on complete randomized block design with three replications in University of Tehran, in 2013. Criteria such as leaf area, collar diameter, number of lateral branches per plant, plant height, fruit number and weight per plant, weight and diameter per fruit, calyx weight, total fruit yield, fruit marketable percentage, total marketable yield, plant dry weight and quality criteria such as pH, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), vitamin C, antioxidant activity and fruit color indices were evaluated. Results showed that treatments significantly affected most measured growth and yield criteria in which application of 15 t.ha-1 vermicompost increased them compared to control (non-vermicompost application) in which fruit weight per plant, total fruit yield and marketable percentage were increased 37.31, 37.82 and 11.52 percent, respectively. Also, inter-row distance of 100 cm performed better for plant growth and yield criteria. Interaction effect of 100 cm planting density and 15 t.ha-1 vermicompost caused the highest number of fruit per plant and marketable yield. The highest amount of TA and antioxidant activity obtained by application of 15 and 10 t.ha-1 vermicompost, respectively and vitamin C, TA and TSS were increased in planting distance of 50, 75 and 75 cm inter-row distance, respectively. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Fruit, growth indices, Organic fertilizer, Planting distance, yield | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
. خواجهپور م ر (1379) اصول مبانی زراعت. انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی واحد صنعتی اصفهان. اصفهان. 386 ص. 2 . صیفی س، نعمتی س ح، شور م و عابدی ب (1390) بررسی اثر تراکم و هرس بوته بر خصوصیات کیفی میوه در دو رقم فلفل شیرین. علوم باغبانی. 25(2): 200-194. 3 . ماجدی م (1373) روشهای آزمون شیمیایی مواد غذایی. انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی دانشگاه تهران. 108 ص. 4 . Adhikari S and Gantayet P (2012) Studies on the influence of organic fertilizers on the growth and some biochemical parameters of chili (Capsicum annum L.). Studies. 7(2): 255-258.
5 . Aminifard MH, Aroiee H, Ameri A and Fatemi H (2012) Effect of plant density and nitrogen fertilizer on growth yield and fruit quality of sweet pepper (Capsicum annum L.). African Journal of Agricultural Research. 7(6): 859-866.
6 . Ara N, Bashar MK, Begum S and Kakon SS (2007) Effect of spacing and stem pruning on the growth and yield of tomato. International Journal of Sustainable Crop Production. 2(3): 35-39.
7 . Arancon NQ, Edwards CA, Atiyeh R and Metzger JD (2004) Effects of vermicomposts produced from food waste on the growth and yields of greenhouse peppers. Bioresource Technology. 93: 139-144.
8 . Arancon NQ, Edwards CA, Bierman P, Metzger JD and Lucht C (2005) Effects of vermicomposts produced from cattle manure, food waste and paper waste on the growth and yield of peppers in the field. Pedobiologia. 49(4): 297-306.
9 . Atiyeh RM, Arancon N, Edwards CA and Metzger JD (2002) The influence of earthworm-processed pig manure on the growth and productivity of marigolds. Bioresource Technology. 81: 103-108.
10 . Atiyeh RM, Edwards CA, Subler S and Metzger JD (2001) Pig manure vermicompost as a component of a horticultural bedding plant medium: Effects on physicochemical properties and plant growth. Bioresource Technology. 78: 11-20.
11 . Cavero J, Ortega Gill R and Gutierrez M (2001) Plant density affects yield components and colour of direct-seed paprika pepper. HortScience. 361(1): 76-79.
12 . Dean B, Goreta S and Borosic J (2006) Plant spacing and cultivar affect melon growth and yield components. HortScience. 109: 238-243.
13 . Devlin RM and Witham FH (1983) Plant Physiology, 4th Edn. Belmont, CA, USA: Wadsworth Publishing Company.
14 . Elattir H (2002) Plant density effects on processing tomato growing in Morocco. Acta Horticulturae. 613: 197-200.
15 . Fernando C and Alisdair RF (2006) Metabolic regulation underlying tomato fruit development. Journal of Experimental Botany. 57(9): 1883-1897.
16 . Flores P, Hellin P and Fenoll J (2009) Effect of manure and mineral fertilization on pepper nutritional quality. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 89(9): 1581-1586.
17 . Gajalakshmi S and Abbasi SA (2004) Neem leaves as a source of fertilizer-cum-pesticide vermicompost. Bioresource Technology. 92: 291-296.
18 . Gutiérrez-Miceli FA, Santiago-Borraz J, Montes Molina JA, Nafate CC, AbdudArchila M, Oliva Laven MA, Rincón-Rosales R and Deendoven L (2007) Vermicompost as a soil supplement to improve growth, yield and fruit quality of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum). Bioresource Technology. 98: 2781-2786.
19 . Hashemimajd K, Kalbasi M, Golchin A and Shariatmadari H (2004) Comparison of vermicompost and composts as potting media for growth of tomatoes. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 6: 1107-1123.
20 . Hatutale G (2010) The effect of plant population and mulching on green pepper (Capsicum annum L.) production under irrigation. Doctoral dissertation, M.Sc. Dissertation, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein.
21 . Hosseini SZ (2003) Methods of Food Analysis. University of Shiraz Publishing. 220p.
22 . Jolliffe PA and Gaye MM (1995) Dynamics of growth and yield component responses of bell peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) to row covers and population density. Scientia Horticulturae. 62(3): 153-164.
23 . Jovicich E and Cantliffe DL (2002) Spanish pepper trellis system and high plant density can increase fruit yield, fruit quality and reduce labour in a hydroponic passive ventilated greenhouse. In VI International Symposium on Protected Cultivation in Mild Winter Climate. Product and Innovation. 588: 255-261.
24 . Kitila M, Belew D, Mohammed A and Getachew Y (2012) Effect of intra-row spacing and variety on fruit yield and quality of fresh market tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) under Jimma condition, Ethiopia. Ethiopian Journal of Applied Science and Technology. 3(1): 32-42.
25 . Kulkarni AP and Aradhya SM (2005) Chemical changes and antioxidant activity in pomegranate arils during fruit development. Food Chemistry. 93: 319-324.
26 . Lee SK and Kader AA (2000) Preharvest and postharvest factors influencing vitamin C content of horticultural crops. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 20(3): 207-220.
27 . Majnoun Hosseini N (2010) Effects of plant density and nitrogen rates on the competitive ability of canola (Brassica napus L.) against weeds. Agricultural Science and Technology. 8: 281-291.
28 . McCain R (1993) Goldenberry Passionfruit and White Sapote Potential Fruits for Cool Subtropical Areas. In New Crops. New York. Pp. 479-486.
29 . Morton JF (1987) Cape gooseberry in Fruits of Warm Climates Creative Resource Systems. Winterville. NC., Pp. 430-434.
30 . Muhammad A and Singh A (2007) Intra-row spacing and pruning effects on fresh tomato yield in Sudan Savanna of Nigeria. Journal of Plant Sciences. 2(2): 153-161.
31 . Nagavallemma KP, Wani SP, Lacroix S, Padmaja VV, Vineela C, Rao MB and Sahrawat KL (2004) Vermicomposting. Recycling wastes into valuable organic fertilizer. Global Theme on Agroecosystems Report No. 8.
32 . Narkhede SD, Attarde SB and Ingle ST (2011) Study on effect of chemical fertilizer and vermicompost on growth of chilli pepper plant (Capsicum annum). Applied Sciences in Environmental Sanitation. 6(3): 327-332.
33 . Nasto TH, Balliu A and Zeka N (2009) The influence of planting density on growth characteristics and fruit yield of peppers (Capsicum annuum L.). Acta Horticulturae. 830: 906-912.
34 . Parthasarathi K, Balamurugan M and Ranganathan LS (2008) Influence of vermicompost on the physico-chemical and biological properties in different types of soil along with yield and quality of the pulse crop-blackgram. Environmental Health Science and Engineering. 5(1): 51-58.
35 . Peixoto N, Peixoto FC, Vaz UL, Neri SCM and Monterio JG (2010) Plant growth and production of husk tomato depending on organic fertilization and mulching. Horticultura Brasileira. 28: 370-372.
36 . Ponce Valerio JJ, Peña-Lomeli A, Rodríguez-Pérez JE, Mora-Aguilar R, Castro-Brindis R and Magaña Lira N (2012) Pruning and plant density in three varieties of husk tomato (Physalis ixocarpa Brot. ex Horm.) grown under greenhouse conditions. Revista Chapingo. Serie Horticultura. 18(3): 325-332.
37 . Puente LA, Pinto-Monoz CA, Castro ES and Cortes M (2011) Physalis peruviana Linnaeus the multiple properties of a highly functional fruit, A review. Food Research International. 44: 1733-1740.
38 . Ramadan MF and Moersel JT (2003) Oil goldenberry (Physalis perviana L.). Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 51: 969-974.
39 . Rykbost KA and Maxwell J (1993) Effects of plant population on the performance of seven varieties in the Klamath Basin of Oregon. American Potato. 70(6): 463-474.
40 . Saikia LR and Upadhyaya S (2011) Antioxidant Activity, phenol and flavonoid content of some less known medicinal plants of Assam. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences. 2(2): 457-463.
41 . Singh B, Pathak K, Boopathi T and Deka B (2010) Vermicompost and NPK fertilizer effects on morpho-physiological traits of plants yield and quality of tomato fruits (Solanum lycopersicum L.) vegetable. Crops Research Bulletin. 73: 77-86.
42 . Srikanth K, Srinivasamurthy CA and Siddaramappa RVR (2000) Direct and residual effect of enriched compost, FYM, vermicompost and fertilizers on properties of an Alfisol. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Sciences. 48(3): 496-499.
43 . Tabasi A, Nemati H and Akbari M (2013) The effects of planting distances and different stages of maturity on the quality of three cultivars of tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill). Notulae Scientia Biologicae. 5(3): 371-375.
44 . Upadhyaya S, Mahanta JJ and Saikia LR (2011) Antioxidant activity, phenol and flavonoid content of a medicinal herb Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F.) Nees grown using different organic manures. Pharmacy Research. 4(3): 614-616.
45 . Vadiraj BA, Siddagangaia H and Narayana P (1998) Effect of vermicompost on the growth and yield of turmeric. South Indian Horticulture. 46: 176-179.
46 . Viloria DEZA, Arteaga DER and Diaz Torrealba L (2002) Growing of pepper (Capsicum annuum) in response to different levels of NPK and sowing density. Journal of Horticultural Sciences. 72(8): 1062.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 2,338 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 851 |
||