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پدیدارشناسی ادراک کشاورزان از خشکسالی (مطالعه موردی: شهرستان سرپل ذهاب) | ||
| تحقیقات اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی ایران | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 46، شماره 3، مهر 1394، صفحه 439-456 اصل مقاله (1.09 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijaedr.2015.55518 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مصیب غلامی* 1؛ امیرحسین علی بیگی2؛ مسلم سواری3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی | ||
| 3دانشجوی دکتری توسعة کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| ایران با متوسط بارش سالانة کمتر از یک‌سوم میانگین جهانی، در یکی از مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک جهان واقع شده و همواره در معرض خشکسالی است و هرچند سال یک‌بار با آن دست‌وپنجه نرم می‌کند. هدف کلی این تحقیق کیفی- که به روش پدیدارشناسی انجام گرفته است- بررسی مفهوم خشکسالی از دیدگاه کشاورزان است. جامعة آماری شامل روستاییان شهرستان سرپل ذهاب است که بیشترین خشکسالی را تجربه کردهاند. افراد مطلع، بهروش گلولهبرفی و داده‌ها بهروش مصاحبة عمیق و مشاهدة مستقیم جمع‌آوری شدند و در کنار این دو روش، از عکس و اسناد کتابخانه‌ای نیز استفاده شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها براساس الگوی کلایزی انجام گرفت. مطابق نتایج، کشاورزان درک متفاوتی از خشکسالی دارند، به‌گونه‌ای‌که بعضی از شرکت‌کنندگان در تحقیق، تقدیرگرا هستند و خشکسالی را به خدا نسبت می‌دهند و گروهی دیگر، تغییرات آبوهوایی را عامل خشکسالی معرفی میکنند. همچنین، بعضی از شرکت‌کنندگان در تحقیق، رفتار خود را عامل خشکسالی معرفی میکنند. بنابر اظهارات گروهی از کشاورزان، ناسپاسی آن‌ها و بدرفتاری و بی‌رحمی آن‌ها با یکدیگر موجب بروز خشکسالی شده است و عده‌ای دیگر بروز خشکسالی را به بخت و اقبال شوم خود نسبت می‌دهند. با توجه به این نگرشها پیشنهاد می‌شود تدابیری اتخاذ شود تا با برگزاری کلاس‌های آموزشی و ارائة آموزش‌های لازم و انتقال دانش و آگاهی به کشاورزان در زمینة علل وقوع خشکسالی و مدیریت آن، کشاورزان روش‌های صحیح مقابله با خشکسالی را فراگیرند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ادراک؛ پدیدارشناسی؛ خشکسالی؛ سرپل ذهاب | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Phenomenology of perception’s farmers from drought (Case study: Sarepol-e-Zahab City) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mosayed Gholami1؛ Amir Hossein Alibaygi2؛ Moslem Savari3 | ||
| 1PhD. Student, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Razi University, University of Kermanshah, Iran | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Razi University, University of Kermanshah, Iran | ||
| 3PhD. Student, Agricultural Development, University of Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The country of Iran, with an average annual rainfall of less than one-third of the world average, is located in arid and semiarid regions and has always been prone to drought conditions and also is confronted every few years with it. The overall aim of this qualitative study, carried out by phenomenological method, was conducted to investigate the views of farmers and drought identifies behaviors in dealing with it. In this study, the rural society of Sarpol-e-zehab as most experienced drought, were chosen. Notified cases were identified using a snowball. Data from this study were collected using in-depth interviews and direct observation beside the use of photographs, internet and libraries. Data analysis was based on collaizzi pattern. Based on the results, farmers' perceptions of drought were different, as a kind of fatalism, some participants attributed the drought to God and others believed that climate change causes by drought. It was found that some of the participants introduced their behaviors drought agent. According to the farmers drought has been caused for their own behavior and their own abuse and cruelty to each other and theirattitude. Some other look at drought as a reflect of their bad chance. Therefore, it is recommended that measures be taken with classes the necessary training and provide training and transfer of knowledge to farmers about the causes and management of drought. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| confronting, Drought, Perception, phenomenology, Sarpol-e-Zehab | ||
| مراجع | ||
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