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تأثیر حضور اردک (Anas platyrhynchos) در شالیزار بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد برنج (L. Oryza sativa) و اثر آن بر انبوهی علف‌های هرز | ||
| کنترل بیولوژیک آفات و بیماری های گیاهی | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 4، شماره 2، مهر 1394، صفحه 131-141 اصل مقاله (467.42 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jbioc.2015.57174 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| صالح مفیدیان* 1؛ سید مصطفی صادقی2 | ||
| 1کارشناسی ارشد و عضو باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد لاهیجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، لاهیجان | ||
| 2استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشکدة علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد لاهیجان | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به منظور تاثیر حضور اردک (Anas platyrhynchos) در شالیزار بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد برنج (Oryza sativa L.) و اثر آن بر روی انبوهی علف های هرز، آزمایشی در سال 1392 در روستای باز قلعه دژ، واقع در بخش سنگر استان گیلان اجرا گردید. این آزمایش در قالب اسپیلت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. در این آزمایش عامل اصلی اردک در دو سطح (با حضور اردک و بدون حضور اردک) و عامل فرعی به صورت فاکتوریل حاصل از ترکیب سطوح وجین (وجین در روز رهاسازی اردک و عدم وجین در روز رهاسازی اردک) و فاصله کاشت (20×20، 25×25، 30×30 سانتی‌متر) بود. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه واریانس داده‌های برنج نشان داد که، وجود اردک در شالیزار باعث افزایش 28/17 درصدی تعداد دانه پر در خوشه، 19/6 درصدی وزن هزار دانه، 13/11 درصدی شاخص برداشت، 5/9 درصدی عملکرد دانه شده است. همچنین نتایج حاصل از تجزیه واریانس داده‌های علف‌های هرز نشان داد که وجود اردک در شالیزار اثر بسیار معنی داری بر تراکم و زیست توده علف‌های هرز سوروف (Echinochloa crus-galli)، پیزر (Scirpus maritimus)، بندواش (Paspalum distichum) و تراکم علف های هرز در زمان برداشت داشته است. نتایج نشان داد که، وجود اردک باعث کاهش 93/38 درصدی سوروف، 29/58 درصدی پیزر، 48/47 درصدی بندواش در زمان برداشت، 58/34 درصدی زیست توده سوروف، 88/40 درصدی زیست توده پیزر، 69/62 درصدی زیست توده بندواش و 77/53 درصدی تراکم علف هرز در زمان برداشت در مقایسه با تیمار بدون حضور اردک در شالیزار شده است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اردک؛ برنج؛ بندواش؛ پیزر؛ سوروف | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Effect of Duck’s Presence (Anas platyrhynchos) in the Rice Fields on Rice Yield (Oryza sativa L.) and Yield Components. And its effects on Weed Density | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Saleh Mofidian1؛ Seyyed Mostafa Sadeghi2 | ||
| 1Former M. Sc. Student and Young Researchers and Elite Club, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University Lahijan Branch, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to indicate the effect of duck's presence, Anas platyrhynchos in paddy fields on rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield, yield components and its effect on weed density, an experiment was carried out in Baz Ghaleh Dezh village, located in Sangar, Guilan, Iran in 2013. This experiment was performed based on factorial split-plot analysis conducted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). Each treatment was applied in three replications. In this experiment the main factor (duck) had two levels (in the presence of duck and in the absence of duck) and the minor factor was the factorial combination of weeding levels (weeding on the releasing day of ducks and not weeding on the releasing day of ducks) and also the planting spaces were 20×20, 25×25, 30×30 cm. The results of variance analysis of rice data showed that duck's presence on paddy field causes 17.28% filled grain per panicle, 6.19% one thousand grain weight, 11.13% harvest index (HI), and 9.5% grain yield. Also, the results of variance analysis of weeds data showed that duck's presence on paddy field can make a significant effect on number and biomass of weeds Echinochloa crus-galli, Scirpus maritimus, Paspalum distichum, and weeds density at harvest time. The results showed that duck's presence causes reduction of 38.93% of Echinochloa crus-galli, 58.29% of Scirpus maritimus, 47.48% of Paspalum distichum at the harvest time, 34.58% of biomass Echinochloa crus-galli, 40.88% of Scirpus maritimus biomass, 62.69% of Paspalum distichum biomass, and 53.77% of weeds at the harvest time in comparison with treatment by duck's absence on paddy fields. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Duck, Echinochloa crus-galli, Paspalum distichum, rice, Scirpus maritimus | ||
| مراجع | ||
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