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اثر شوری خاک بر غلظت عناصر غذایی بخش هوایی گندم و لوبیا در مکشهای ماتریک پایین | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
مقاله 3، دوره 48، شماره 1، اردیبهشت 1396، صفحه 25-38 اصل مقاله (643.46 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2017.61338 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
مهناز ختار* 1؛ محمد حسین محمدی2؛ فرید شکاری3 | ||
1دانشگاه زنجان | ||
2هیات علمی دانشگاه تهران | ||
3هیات علمی دانشگاه زنجان | ||
چکیده | ||
در این پژوهش اثر تیمارهای مکش ماتریک (kPa 330-2) و شوری (ECهای dSm-1 20-2 برای گندم و dSm-1 8-7/0 برای لوبیا) بر غلظت عناصر غذایی گندم و لوبیا در دو خاک لوم رسی و لوم شنی بهصورت کشت گلدانی بررسی شد. در هر دو گیاه، با افزایش مکش ماتریک، غلظت پتاسیم افزایش و غلظت سدیم کاهش یافت. با افزایش مکش ماتریک، غلظت نیتروژن و کلسیم گندم و لوبیا افزایش یافته و در مکشهای kPa10-6 به بیشترین مقدار رسید. در مکشهای بالاتر، غلظت نیتروژن کاهش یافت و غلظت کلسیم تقریباً ثابت ماند. همچنین، بیشترین میزان آهن و روی در هر دو گیاه در مکش ماتریک kPa2 مشاهده شد. هنگامیکه، مکش ماتریک افزایش یافت (kPa6-2)، غلظت آهن و روی به شدت کاهش پیدا کرد و در مکشهای بالاتر در هر دو خاک تقریباً ثابت ماند. شوری موجب افزایش غلظت کلسیم و آهن و کاهش غلظت پتاسیم گندم و لوبیا گردید ولی اثر مشخصی بر میزان غلظت نیتروژن، سدیم و روی نداشت. مکشهای کم، با ایجاد کمبود تهویه، تنش شوری را تشدید کردند. بهعلاوه، مقایسه دو گیاه گندم و لوبیا، نشان داد که به دلیل حساسیت بالای لوبیا، تغییرات غلظت عناصر آن با تیمارهای شوری و مکش ماتریک خاک بیشتر از گندم بود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
تخلخل تهویهای"؛ تنش شوری"؛ تنش تهویه"؛ مکش ماتریک خاک | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Effect of Soil Salinity on the Wheat and Bean Nutrients in Low Matric Suctions | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Mahnaz Khetar1؛ Mohammad Hosein Mohammadi2؛ Farid Shekari3 | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
In this study the effects of soil matric suction (2−33 KPa) and salinity (EC: 0.7−8 dSm-1 for bean and 2−20 dSm-1 for wheat) on the wheat and bean nutrient concentrations in two sandy loam and clay loam soils at green house condition was considerd. The potassium concentration increased and sodium decreased with matric suction in both plants. The nitrogen and calcium concentrations of bean and wheat increased with matric suctions and reached their extreme values at suctions 6-10 KPa. Concentration of nitrogen reduced and concentration of calcium remained nearly constant at higher suctions. The maximum concentration of iron and zinc were at suction 2KPa in both plants. As matric suction increased from 2 to 6 KPa, iron and zinc decreased strongly and remained nearly constant at higher suctions in both soils. Salinity increased concentrations of iron and calcium and reduced concentration of potassium in both plants. While it did not affect concentrations of nitrogen, sodium and zinc. The low soil matric suctions amplified the salinity stress due to aeration deficit. Also comparing two plants showed that because of high sensitivity of bean to stresses, changes of its nutrient concentrations under different levels of salinity and matric suction were greater than wheat. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Aeration porosity", Aeration stress", Salinity stress", Soil matric suction | ||
مراجع | ||
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