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اثرات محیط‌زیستی عملیات بهرهبرداری جنگل بر رواناب در مسیرهای چوبکشd (مطالعة موردی: جنگل خیرود) | ||
| نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 70، شماره 4، دی 1396، صفحه 813-828 اصل مقاله (871.67 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jne.2017.223726.1300 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سعیده جوریز1؛ مقداد جورغلامی* 2؛ آرش ملکیان3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی جنگل، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 3دانشیار گروه احیاء مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| امروزه اهمیت استفاده از مسیرهای چوبکشی متناسب با روشهای بهرهبرداری و شیوة جنگلشناسی در واحدهای جنگلداری شمال کشور، ضرورت ارزیابی دقیق و همهجانبة این مسیرها را ایجاب میکند. همچنین تردد ماشین‌آلات در مسیرهای چوبکشی تأثیر زیادی روی خصوصیات فیزیکی خاک دارد، تا حدی که با گذشت چندین سال، خصوصیات فیزیکی خاک در مسیرهای چوبکشی نمیتواند ترمیم شود. هدف از انجام این پژوهش اندازهگیری نرخ رواناب در دو طبقة شیب 20%-0 و 40% -20% مسیرهای چوبکشی است. به این منظور در منطقة بهرهبرداری شده در مسیر چوبکشی و منطقة شاهد در بخش گرازبن جنگل خیرود اقدام به نمونهبرداری از رواناب تولیدی شد. در این تحقیق از بارشهای طبیعی منطقه به دلیل ایجاد تکرارهای بیشتر و بهدست آوردن اطلاعات استفاده شد. با توجه به نرمال بودن رواناب تولیدی بهوسیلة آزمونهای پارامتری مقایسة میانگین بین آنها صورت گرفت. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که مسیرهای چوبکشی و کاهش پوشش گیاهی عامل اصلی افزایش رواناب در جنگلهای طبیعی هستند و نوع پوشش، تغییر فصل و اثرات متقابل آنها بر میزان رواناب تأثیر معنیدار دارند. به‌عبارت دیگر، مقدار بارش و تغییر فصل بر میزان رواناب تولیدی نقش دارند، همچنین در تحقیق حاضر شیب و اثرات متقابل آنها اثر معنیداری بر مقدار رواناب تولیدی نداشته است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اثرات محیط‌زیستی؛ بهرهبرداری جنگل؛ چوبکشی؛ مسیر چوبکشی؛ رواناب | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Environmental impact of forest harvesting operations on runoff in skid trails (Case study: Kheyrud forest) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| k k1؛ Meghdad Jourgholami2؛ l l3 | ||
| 1k | ||
| 2j | ||
| 3p; | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Nowadays, the importance skid trails and in accordance with forest harvesting and silvicultural methods in the forestry sectors in the Hyrcanian forest, northern Iran, the necessity of the accurate and comprehensive assessment of these trails must be postulated. Forest machinery traffic on skid trails also has a large influence on the soil physical properties, so that, these properties cannot be restored after several years in skid trails. The aim of this study was to measure the runoff rate in two slopes classes of 0- 20 and 20-40 percent in the skid trails. For this purpose, the runoff was measured in the plot level in two area on the skid trails and control area in Gorazbon district in the Kheyrud Forest. In this study, due to more reps and get more useful data, the natural rainfall were used. According to the normality of runoff data, the compare mean was used between them by parametric tests. The results showed that skid trails and forest cover change in natural forests were the main cause of the increase in runoff, and also the type of coverage, change of seasons and the interactions between them had a significant effect on the runoff yield. In other words, the amount of rainfall and the change of seasons were the important factors affecting the runoff results. But, the trail slope and their interactions had no significant effect on the runoff. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Environmental Impact, Forest harvesting, logging, skid trails, Runoff | ||
| مراجع | ||
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