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عکس العمل نهال زیتون (Olea europaea L.) به تنش توام شوری و تراکم خاک در شرایط کمبود اکسیژن خاک | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
مقاله 7، دوره 49، شماره 2، خرداد و تیر 1397، صفحه 303-315 اصل مقاله (809.53 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2017.229849.667649 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
تورج خوش زمان* 1؛ احمد گلچین2؛ مهدی طاهری3؛ محمود عظیمی4؛ داود زارع حقی5 | ||
1دانشگاه زنجان | ||
2عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه زنجان | ||
3عضو هیئت علمی، بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان زنجان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، زنجان، ایران | ||
4عضو هیئت علمی، بخش تحقیقات اصلاح بذر و نهال، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان زنجان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، زنجان، ایران | ||
5عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه تبریز | ||
چکیده | ||
پاسخ نهالهای زیتون رقم زرد به شوری آب آبیاری و تراکم خاک در رطوبت 9/0 اشباع، مطالعه گردید. خاکی با بافت لومیشنی پس از عبور از الک 75/4 میلیمتری به نحوی داخل استوانههایی از جنس پیویسی ریخته شد که سطوح مختلف تراکم (جرم مخصوص ظاهری 3/1، 5/1 و 7/1 گرم بر سانتیمتر مکعب) در آنها ایجاد گردد. نهالهای زیتون به استوانهها انتقال داده شدند و با آبهایی با شوری 2، 5، 8 و 12 دسیزیمنس بر متر به مدت پنج ماه آبیاری شدند. کارآیی لحظهای مصرف آب، نشت یونی، شاخص سبزینگی و تعداد برگ تا شوری 8 و فاکتورهای فتوسنتز، هدایت روزنهای، تعرق و اختلاف دمای برگ با محیط تا شوری آب 5 دسیزیمنس بر متر تفاوت آماری معنیدار نداشتند. کمبود اکسیژن خاک موجب کاهش توانایی مکانیسمهای تحمل به شوری شد. در خاک با بافت شن لومی، جرم مخصوص ظاهری 3/1 گرم بر سانتیمتر مکعب مناسب رشد نهالهای زیتون بود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
دمای برگ؛ زیتون؛ فتوسنتز؛ کارآیی لحظهای مصرف آب و میزان کلروفیل | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Response of Olive (Olea europaea L.) self-rooted cuttings to joint salinity and soil compaction stresses in soil hypoxia conditions | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Tooradj Khoshzaman1؛ Ahmad Golchin2؛ Mehdi Taheri3؛ Mahmoud Azimi4؛ Davoud Zarehaghi5 | ||
1University of Zanjan | ||
2Professor of Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, IRAN. | ||
3Assistant Professor of Soil and Water Research Department, Zanjan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Zanjan, IRAN. | ||
4Research Staff of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Zanjan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Zanjan, Iran | ||
5Assistant Professor of Soil Science Department, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, IRAN. | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Responses of Olive self-rooted cuttings to irrigation water salinity and soil compaction in moisture of 0.9 saturation were studied. A loamy sand soil passed through a 4.75mm sieve, poured into PVC cylinders and compacted to achieve the desired compaction levels (bulk density of 1.3, 1.5 and 1.7 g cm-3). Then rooted olive cuttings were transplanted into the cylinders and were irrigated by waters with different salinities of 2, 5, 8 and 12 dS m-1 for five months. Instantaneous water use efficiency, electrolyte leakage, SPAD index and number of leaves to salinity of 8, and parameters of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, temperature difference between leaf and environment to salinity of 5 dS m-1 had no statistically meaningfull differences. Soil hypoxia decreases salinity tolerance mechanisms. With respect to olive plant growth, the bulk density of 1.3 g cm-3 was determined the optimum level of soil compaction for a loamy sand soil. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
chlorophyll content, Instantaneous Water Use Efficiency, Leaf Temperature and Olive, photosynthesis | ||
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