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اثرات زیست‌محیطی و مزایای اقتصادی چرخه مدیریت کود دامی با تولید بیوگاز در مزارع صنعتی پرورش گاو شیری | ||
| مهندسی بیوسیستم ایران | ||
| مقاله 11، دوره 49، شماره 2، تیر 1397، صفحه 269-284 اصل مقاله (1.55 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijbse.2017.239897.664979 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| پریا سفیدپری1؛ شاهین رفیعی* 2؛ محمد شریفی2؛ بشیر عباسی دشتکی3؛ تیون ولینگا4 | ||
| 1دانشجو | ||
| 2دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 3کارشناس ماشین الات --بنیاد مستضعفان | ||
| 4محقق ارشد، گروه علوم دامی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه و مرکز تحقیقاتی وخنینگن، هلند | ||
| چکیده | ||
| چرخه مدیریت کود دامی از مرحله جمعآوری تا کاربرد در مزرعه در پرورش گاو شیری برای سناریوهای مختلف از نظر زیست‌محیطی و اقتصادی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. به همین منظور ترکیب کود در این چرخه با توجه به جیره مصرفی دام تعیین گردید. اثرات زیست‌محیطی به کمک استانداردها و سودمندی اقتصادی هر سناریو با نرم‌افزار کامفار محاسبه شد. نتایج این تحقیق حاکی از سودمند بودن احداث نیروگاه بیوگاز علی‌رغم نیاز آن به سرمایهگذاری اولیه بالا در حدود 125 میلیارد ریال می‌باشد که دارای دوره برگشت سرمایه در حدود 4-3 سال است. میانگین نرخ بازده داخلی این پروژه 24% با نرخ تنزیل 20% محاسبه شد. نرخ بازده داخلی نشان میدهد این سرمایهگذاری ریسکپذیر بوده اما از درآمد مناسبی برخوردار خواهد بود. در سناریوی 4 با فرآوری لجن هاضم به کمک جداکننده مکانیکی و کمپوست بیشترین میزان کاهش در انتشار متان ( kg CO2eq m-3261-) مشاهده شد. سناریو 2 و 4 به ترتیب 36% و 17% کاهش در تولید آلایندهها داشتند. جداسازی بخش مایع و جامد و ماسه از کود تأثیر ناچیزی در کاهش آلایندهها داشته اما دارای مزایای اقتصادی می‌باشد. با توجه به نتایج این تحقیق، تولید سوخت بیوگاز باعث کاهش مقادیر زیادی گازهای گلخانهای و آلایندههای آب و خاک میگردد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بیوگاز؛ اثرات زیست محیطی؛ مزایای اقتصادی؛ دامپروری؛ مدیریت کود دامی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Environmental impacts and economic benefits of manure management chain with biogas production in a large scale dairy farm | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Paria Sefeedpari1؛ shahin rafiee2؛ Mohammad Sharifi2؛ Bashir Abasi Dashtaki3؛ Theun Vellinga4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. student of Mechanical Engineering of Agricultural Machinery, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. | ||
| 2Professor in Mechanical Engineering of Agricultural Machinery, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. | ||
| 4Senior researcher, Department of Livestock and Environment, Wageningen University and Research, The Netherlands | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The manure management cycle from collection to application in dairy farming was evaluated from environmental and economic aspects for different scenarios including biogas production. For this purpose, manure characteristic is determined regarding the real feed ration composition. Environmental impacts and economic profitability of each scenario was calculated using standards and COMFAR program, respectively. The results showed although biogas production is costly but it is profitable with initial investment of 125 billion Rials (2,777,778 €) and a payback period of about 3 to 4 years. The internal rate of return was calculated as 24% considering a discount rate of 20%. The internal rate of return shows that although this investment is risky, the amount of income is acceptable. Scenario 4 including digestate processing using a mechanical separator followed by composting has the maximum avoided methane emission (-261 kg CO2eq m-3). Emissions mitigation was calculated to be 36% and 17% in scenario 2 and 4, respectively. Solid/liquid separation and sand separation have less impact on emission reduction withy different economic advantages. Regarding the results of this study, a large amount of greenhouse gases and emissions to water and soil has mitigated thank to biogas production. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Biogas, Environmental impacts, Economic benefits, Dairy farm, Manure management | ||
| مراجع | ||
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