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تعیین دبی زیست‌محیطی بومی سفیدرود | ||
| اکوهیدرولوژی | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 5، شماره 3، مهر 1397، صفحه 753-762 اصل مقاله (813.02 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ije.2018.240350.711 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فاطمه فتاح‌پور1؛ کیومرث ابراهیمی* 2؛ سوگند بیات3 | ||
| 1کارشناس ارشد مهندسی منابع آب، دانشکدۀ مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 2استاد مهندسی منابع آب، دانشکدۀ مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 3دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی منابع آب، دانشکدۀ مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| دبی زیست‌محیطی توصیفی از زمان‌بندی، کیفیت و کمیّت آب مورد نیاز برای پایداری اکوسیستم آبی است. هدف مقالۀ حاضر، ارزیابی روش‌های متداول تعیین دبی زیست‌محیطی و ارائۀ روش بومی سفیدرود است. دبی زیست‌محیطی سفیدرود با کمک روش‌های هیدرولوژیکی، هیدرولیکی و شبیه‌سازی زیستگاه بررسی شد و نتایج به‌دست‌آمده به صورت یک پیشنهاد بومی در غالب درصدی از میانگین دبی سالانه بیان شد. طبق ابلاغیۀ وزارت نیرو، شیوۀ تعیین دبی زیست‌محیطی روش تنانت (هیدرولوژیکی) است. این روش به همراه روش محیط ترشده (هیدرولیکی) با سه ایدۀ متفاوت به کار گرفته شد و در روش شبیه‌سازی زیستگاه نیز فیل‌ماهی به عنوان گونۀ شاخص انتخاب و دبی زیست‌محیطی مطابق با شرایط زندگی گونۀ هدف بررسی شد. مزایا و محدودیت‌های روش‌های بررسی‌شده معرفی شد. بر اساس نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از مقادیر محاسباتی و ضعف‌ها و قوت‌های آنها به‌ترتیب 20 و 30 درصد میانگین دبی سالانه برای حفظ سلامت رودخانه در شرایط ضعیف تا نسبتاً خوب پیشنهاد شد. در نهایت، روش ترکیبی شبیه‌سازی زیستگاه و بیشترین انحنای محیط خیس‌شده برای تعیین کمترین دبی زیست‌محیطی و بهبود شرایط اکوسیستم منطقه به عنوان روش بومی سفیدرود پیشنهاد شد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تنانت؛ حقابۀ زیستی؛ رودخانه؛ گونۀ شاخص؛ محیط خیس‌شده | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Determination of the Environmental Flow Requirements for the SefidRud River, IRAN | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Fatemeh Fattahpour1؛ Kumars Ebrahimi2؛ Sogand Bayat3 | ||
| 1Former MSc Student of Water Resources Engineering, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, University of Tehran | ||
| 2Professor of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering Department. University of Tehran | ||
| 3Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Environmental Flows describes the timing, quality, and quantity of water flows required to sustain ecosystems, human well-being and livelihoods that depend upon them. A review of the present status of environmental flow methodologies revealed the existence of 4 differentiated methodologies. The main purpose of this paper is to assess common methods of environmental flow requirements. According to the standards of the Ministry of Energy of Iran, Tennant introduced as the base method for determining the environmental flows. This method together with wetted perimeter method with three different ideas is applied to the SefidRud. Also, the habitat simulation method, which is a part of the ecological method, is applied to SefidRud River too. Huso Huso fish was chosen as the species river target in this research study. The advantages and limitations of the above mentioned methods are presented as a part of results. 20% and 30% of the annual average flows are suggested for maintaining river health in poor and good conditions, respectively. The combined simulation method habitats and the maximum curvature of the wetted perimeter are recommended as a native method for SefidRud River to determine the minimum ecological flow and improve the ecosystem of the studied river. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Environmental flow, ecosystem, target species, Tennant assessment, wetted perimeter | ||
| مراجع | ||
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