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تجزیه و تحلیل مقاومت به بیماری بلایت فوزاریومی سنبله در ژنوتیپهای گندم امیدبخش سال 1392 اقلیم گرم و مرطوب شمال | ||
| علوم گیاهان زراعی ایران | ||
| مقاله 11، دوره 49، شماره 2، مرداد 1397، صفحه 115-130 اصل مقاله (891.6 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijfcs.2017.218342.654203 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علی ملیحی پور* 1؛ محمدعلی دهقان2؛ کمال شهبازی3 | ||
| 1مسئول واحد پاتولوژی بخش تحقیقات غلات/مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر | ||
| 2مربی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران | ||
| 3مربی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، پارس آباد، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بیماری بلایت فوزاریومی سنبله که توسط گونه های مختلف قارچ Fusarium به ویژه گونه Fusarium graminearum ایجاد میشود یکی از مهمترین بیماریهای گندم در ایران مخصوصاً در اقلیم گرم و مرطوب کشور است که باعث کاهش عملکرد و کیفیت محصول میشود. در این پروژه تعداد 20 ژنوتیپ گندم مربوط به آزمایشات مقایسه عملکرد امیدبخش اقلیم گرم و مرطوب شمال کشور در سال 1392 (ERWYT-N-1392) طی دو سال در شرایط مزرعه در دو منطقه گرگان و مغان نسبت به بیماری بلایت فوزاریومی سنبله با هدف شناسایی و گزینش ژنوتیپهای دارای مقاومت به بیماری، مورد آزمایش قرار گرفتند. ارزیابی ژنوتیپهای آزمایشی و تجزیه مرکب داده های مربوط به میزان وقوع، شدت و شاخص بیماری و میزان آلودگی دانه به بیماری نشان داد که برای هر چهار صفت گفته شده، تفاوت معنی داری بین ژنوتیپها وجود دارد. نتایج این تحقیق همچنین نشان داد که پنج ژنوتیپ آزمایشی N-92-3، N-92-1 (رقم مروارید)، N-92-19، N-92-4 و N-92-9 با داشتن پایینترین میانگین وقوع، شدت و شاخص بیماری و آلودگی دانه، و کسب بهترین میانگین رتبه از چهار صفت مورد بررسی، به عنوان مقاومترین ژنوتیپهای آزمایشی به شمار میروند. پایین بودن بودن میزان وقوع بیماری و آلودگی دانه در ژنوتیپهای گفته شده میتواند دلیلی بر وجود به ترتیب مقاومت نوع I و IV در آنها باشد. براساس نتایج به دست آمده از تحقیق حاضر، چهار ژنوتیپ آزمایشی N-92-3، N-92-19، N-92-4 و N-92-9 در صورت داشتن عملکرد بالا و مقاومت مطلوب در برابر سایر بیماریها میتوانند کاندیدهای مناسبی برای جایگزینی ارقام قدیمیتر در این اقلیم باشند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| گندم؛ بلایت فوزاریومی سنبله؛ Fusarium graminearum؛ مقاومت؛ اقلیم گرم و مرطوب شمال | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Analysis of Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) among the Genotypes of 2013 Elite Wheat Genotypes of the North Warm and Humid Zone in Iran | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ali Malihipour1؛ Mohammadali Dehghan2؛ Kamal Shahbazi3 | ||
| 1Head of Cereal Pathology, Cereal Research Department, Seed & Plant Improvement Institute (SPII) | ||
| 2Instructor, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Gorgan, Iran | ||
| 3Instructor, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Parsabad, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Fusarium head blight (FHB), which is caused mainly by Fusarium graminearum, is one of the most important diseases of wheat in Iran which reduces wheat yield and quality especially in northern parts of the country. For the purpose of identifying and selecting FHB-resistant genotypes, the reactions of 20 lines of the Elite Regional Wheat Yield Trials from the North warm and humid zone in 1392 (ERWYT-N-1392) were determined to FHB under field conditions in two locations for two years. Results of combined analysis of variance of several datasets including disease incidence, severity, and index and Fusarium-damaged kernels (FDK) from two locations (Gorgan and Moghan) in two years (1393 and 1394) showed significant differences among the genotypes for all datasets. Results of the present investigation showed that five genotypes of N-92-3, N-92-1 (cv. Morvarid), N-92-19, N-92-4, and N-92-9 having the lowest disease incidence, severity and disease index and FDK, and the best means of ranks from these traits were the most resistant lines under field conditions. Low disease incidence and FDK in these genotypes may indicate the presence of type I and type IV resistances, respectively. Based on the results of this research, the experimental lines N-92-3, N-92-19, N-92-4, and N-92-9 may be proposed as candidate lines to replace the older cultivars in this region, if their high yeild and resistance to other diseases is confirmed as well. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Wheat, Fusarium head blight (FHB), Fusarium graminearum, Resistance, North warm and humid zone | ||
| مراجع | ||
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