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تأثیر بقایای برگ سنجد و زردآلو بر پایداری ساختمان خاک به روش HEMC در شوریهای مختلف خاک | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| مقاله 137، دوره 49، شماره 6، بهمن و اسفند 1397، صفحه 1319-1330 اصل مقاله (716.97 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2018.254717.667877 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| وجیهه درستکار* ؛ زهرا گنجی نوروزی | ||
| استادیار گروه آب و خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| اصلاح خاک به کمک افزودن بقایای گیاهی به آن بسیاری از ویژگیهای خاک را تحت تأثیر قرار میدهد. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی اثر بقایای برگ سنجد و زردآلو (به میزان صفر، 1 و 3 درصد) بر پایداری ساختمان خاک به روش منحنی مشخصه پرانرژی خاک (HEMC) در شوریهای مختلف خاک (1، 5 و 10 دسیزیمنس بر متر) بود. نتایج نشان داد که افزودن بقایای برگ زردآلو سبب افزایش بیشتر کربن آلی خاک و غلظت کربوهیدرات قابل عصارهگیری با اسید رقیق خاک و کاهش تنفس میکروبی نسبت به بقایای برگ سنجد شد. افزایش سطح بقایا و شوری نیز سبب افزایش کربن آلی و غلظت کربوهیدراتها در خاک شده است. همچنین تنفس میکروبی خاک با افزایش شوری کاهش یافته است. در روش مرطوب کردن آهسته تفاوتی بین بقایای مورد استفاده از نظر تأثیر بر حجم منافذ قابل زهکش خاک (VDP)، مکش در نقطه عطف منحنی رطوبتی (τd) و شاخص پایداری (SI) مشاهده نشد. اما در روش مرطوب شدن سریع، تأثیر برگ زردآلو بر افزایش حجم منافذ قابل زهکش خاک و شاخص پایداری بیشتر از برگ سنجد بوده است. این امر نشان‌دهنده ناپایداری ساختمان خاک موردمطالعه و پاسخ متفاوت آن نسبت به دو ماده آلی مورد استفاده بوده است. افزایش مقدار بقایا با افزایش کربن آلی خاک و غلظت کربوهیدراتها در خاک و افزایش شوری با افزایش غلظت کاتیونهای دو ظرفیتی سبب بهبود نسبت پایداری و نسبت حجم منافذ قابل زهکشی در دو روش مرطوب‌سازی سریع و آهسته در خاک شده است. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که استفاده از بقایای گیاهی بومی در خاکهایی با ورودی کم مواد آلی میتواند باعث تغییرات مثبت در بهبود وضعیت فیزیکی خاک شود که این تغییرات در دراز مدت احتمالاً به باروری خاک کمک خواهد نمود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| مواد آلی؛ منحنی مشخصه رطوبتی؛ خاکدانه‌سازی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Effect of Winter Olive and Apricot Leave Residues on Soil Structural Stability using HEMC Method in Different Soil Salinity Levels | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Vajiheh Dorostkar؛ Zahra Ganji Norouzi | ||
| Assistant professor, Water and Soil Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology; Shahrood, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Soil improvement with plant residues incorporation influences many soil properties. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of apricot and winter olive leaves (0, 1 and 3 g residue 100g-1 soil) on the soil structural stability using high energy moisture curve (HEMC) method in different soil salinity levels (1, 5 and 10 dS m-1). Apricot residues increased the soil organic carbon content and diluted acid carbohydrates and decreased the soil basal respiration more than the winter olive leaves. Increasing residues and salinity levels have also increased the soil organic carbon and the carbohydrates concentration in the soil. Also, the soil basal respiration has been reduced by increasing salinity. There were no significant differences between the apricot and winter olive residues in terms of their effectiveness on the soil drainable porosity (VDP), the soil suction in inflection point (τd) and the stability index (SI) in slow wetting method. However, the apricot leaves increased the soil drainable porosity and the stability index more than the winter olive in fast wetting method. This finding shows the different response and the structural instability of the soil for the two proposed organic matters. Plant residues increment by improving soil carbon and carbohydrates concentration, and salinity increment by improving divalent cation concentration have enhanced the soil stability ratio and the soil VDP ratio in both; fast and slow wetting methods. The results of this study showed that the application of native crop residues in the soils with low organic matter could improve the soil physical characteristics and these changes probably recover the soil physical fertility in the long term application. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| organic matter, soil water characteristic curve, aggregation | ||
| مراجع | ||
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