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بررسی تأثیر سامانههای خاکورزی حفاظتی و کم خاکورزی بر شاخص‌های کیفیت خاک | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| مقاله 139، دوره 49، شماره 6، بهمن و اسفند 1397، صفحه 1355-1364 اصل مقاله (852.25 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2018.235131.667693 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| رامین قهرمان پور1؛ منوچهر گرجی* 2؛ احمدعلی پوربابایی3؛ محسن فرح بخش3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| 2استاد، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| کیفیت خاک عبارت است از ظرفیت و عملکرد یک خاک مشخص در داخل محدوده زیست‌بوم‌های طبیعی یا تحت مدیریت انسان، برای تولیدات پایدار گیاهی و حیوانی، حفظ یا ارتقاء کیفیت آب و هوا و حمایت از سلامت و مسکن انسانی. کیفیت خاک را نمی‌توان به‌طور مستقیم اندازه‌گیری کرد اما با استفاده از خصوصیات فیزیکی، شیمیایی و زیستی خاک قابل استنتاج می‌باشد. این مطالعه جهت بررسی اثر سامانههای خاکورزی حفاظتی و کم خاکورزی در مقایسه با خاکورزی مرسوم، بر کیفیت خاک انجام شد. تیمارهای خاکورزی شامل بیخاکورزی، کم خاکورزی با دیسک، خاکورزی مرکب و خاکورزی متداول بود. این بررسی پس از انجام پنج سال متوالی این تیمارها در منطقه مورد مطالعه صورت گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که بیخاکورزی، کم خاکورزی با دیسک و خاکورزی حفاظتی با خاکورز مرکب به ترتیب در عمق 10-0 سانتیمتری 79/32، 87/21 و 22/19 درصد، در عمق 20-10 سانتیمتری 94/18، 74/15 و 76/14 درصد و در عمق 30-20 سانتیمتری 32/17، 62/11 و 82/16 درصد در مقایسه با خاکورزی مرسوم باعث بهبود شاخص کیفیت تلفیقی خاک شدند. علاوه بر این شاخص کیفیت خاک نمرو نیز در کلیه تیمارها نسبت به شاهد (خاکورزی مرسوم) بهبود یافت. همچنین با افزایش عمق خاک، کیفیت خاک و میزان تأثیر تیمارها بر آن روند کاهشی نشان داد. با توجه به یافتههای این تحقیق، استفاده از سامانه بیخاکورزی به دلیل بهبود کیفیت خاک، در منطقه مورد مطالعه و مناطق مشابه، به عنوان اقدام مفیدی در مدیریت پایدار خاک برای کشاورزان توصیه میشود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| " خاک ورزی مرسوم "؛ " دسته حداقل داده ها؛ " بی خاکورزی؛ " کشاورزی پایدار؛ " دسته کل داده ها" | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigating the Effects of Conservation and Reduced Tillage Systems on Soil Quality Indices | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ramin Ghahramanpoor1؛ Manoochehr Gorji2؛ Ahmad Ali Pourbabaee3؛ Mohsen Farahbakhsh3 | ||
| 1MS.C student, department of soil science, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, university of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 2Professor, department of soil science, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, university of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 3Associate professor, department of soil science, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, university of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Soil quality as "the capacity of a specific kind of soil to function, within natural or managed ecosystem boundaries, to sustain plant and animal productivity, maintain or enhance water and air quality, and support human health and habitation. Soil quality cannot be directly measured, but it can be inference from the integration of soil physical, chemical and biological properties. This study was conducted to compare the effects of conservative, reduced, and conventional tillage on soil quality indices. Tillage treatments were no tillage, disc plow tillage, combination tillage, and conventional tillage, which have been performed for five years. The results showed that no tillage, disc plow tillage and combination tillage improved the integrated quality index of the soil (IQI) respectively as 32.79%, 21.78% and 16.82%, for the depth of 0-10 cm, 18.94%, 15.74%, 14.76% for the depth of 10-20 cm, and 17.32%, 11.62%, 16.82% for the depth of 20-30 cm as compared to conventional tillage. Also, nemero quality index (NQI) of the soil was improved in all conservation treatments as compared to conventional tillage. Also, it was revealed that the soil quality decreased as the soil depth increases. Regarding to the research findings, the no tillage system, due to improvement of the soil quality, is recommended as a beneficial practice for farmers to manage the soil in the proposed and similar areas. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Conventional tillage, Minimum Data Set, No tillage, Sustainable agriculture, Total Data Set | ||
| مراجع | ||
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