Exploring the Contextual and Intervening Factors of Corruption in Iran Soccer Industry | ||
| نشریه مدیریت ورزشی | ||
| Article 5, Volume 10, Issue 4, May 2019, Pages 661-685 PDF (589.04 K) | ||
| Document Type: Research Paper | ||
| DOI: 10.22059/jsm.2019.228031.1790 | ||
| Authors | ||
| ahmad mahmoudi; habib honari* ; Jalil Younesi; javad shahlaee | ||
| Allameh Tabataba'i University | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The aim of the present study was to explore the contextual and intervening factors of corruption in Iran soccer industry. Data were collected using document review and interviews. After 18 deep and semi-structured interviews with administrative, scientific, research experts in sport and soccer, theoretical saturation was achieved and the indications, sub-categories and general categories were extracted after open, axial and selective coding processes were completed. After data analysis, contextual factors (underlying) and intervening factors (effective) were identified. Based on these findings, immorality, uncommitted behavior, lack of public engagement and organizational synergy and lack of legal environment were identified as a central issue. The findings of the contextual factors were classified in 25 subsidiary categories resulting from axial coding in 7 general concepts resulting from selective coding (a gap in rules, financial incentive, inappropriate function of media, weakening decision-making communities, weakness of transfer laws, lack of behavioral standards and lack of transparency in the processes). The results of intervening factors (effective) were classified in 7 subsidiary categories resulting from axial coding in 3 general concepts resulting from selective coding (overlapping functions, lack of intention to fight corruption and lack of coordination. Generally, an identification of contextual and effective factors of corruption can drastically help authorities to prevent corruption and to improve organizational health in soccer. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| contextual factors; corruption; intervening factors; soccer industry | ||
| References | ||
|
1. Andersen TB. E-Government as an anti-corruption strategy. Information Economics and Policy. 2009;21(3):201-10. 2. Tanzi V. Corruption around the world: Causes, consequences, scope, and cures. Staff Papers. 1998;45(4):559-94. 3. Ashforth BE, Anand V. The normalization of corruption in organizations. Research in organizational behavior. 2003;25:1-52. 4. Treisman D. The causes of corruption: a cross-national study. Journal of public economics. 2000;76(3):399-457. 5. Wacziarg R, Welch KH. Trade liberalization and growth: New evidence. The World Bank Economic Review. 2008;22(2):187-231. 6. Moyo S. Corruption in Zimbabwe: an examination of the roles of the state and civil society in combating corruption: University of Central Lancashire; 2014. 7 . Gross M. Organizations of corrupt individuals: a study of corruption in international cricket and the Catholic Church. 2011. 8. Maennig W. Corruption in international sports and sport management: Forms, tendencies, extent and countermeasures. European Sport Management Quartely. 2005;5(2):187-225. 9. Ashforth BE, Gioia DA, Robinson SL, Trevino LK. Re-viewing organizational corruption. Academy of Management review. 2008;33(3):670-84. 10. Elahi A, Sajjadi SN, Khabiri M, Abrishami H. Barriers to the Development of Income-Based Income Recovery in the Islamic Football Association of Iran. Journal of Sport Management. 2009;7(1):189-202. [Persian]. 11. Slater M. Team Sky strive for cycling’s moral high ground, BBC Sport available from <http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/cycling/20147726> 30 October 2012 [accessed 03 July 2013]. 2012. [ 12. Westerbeek H, Smith A. Sport trek: future sport business in the global marketplace. Sport Business in the Global Marketplace: Springer; 2003. p. 197-228. 13. Razzaghi ME, Ramezani nezhad R, Mehrabi G. Examining the Effective Dimensions of Corruption in Football. Journal of Trends in Sports Management. 2014;2(7):41-52. [Persian]. 14. Najafi Kloori M, Goodarzi M, Farahani A, Esmaeili Bidhandi H. Factors Influencing Corruption in Sport Organizations (Case Study: Corruption in the Federation of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Journal of Sport Management. 2012;4(14):109-22 [Persian]. 15. Goodarzi M, Ghorbani MH, Poursalatani Zandi H, Safari HR. The study of factors affecting the growth of perceived corruption and its control solutions for sports organizations in Iran. Research in sports science. 2011;4(10):39-56. [Persian]. 16. Masters A. Corruption in sport: From the playing field to the field of policy. Policy and Society. 2015;34(2):11-123. 17. Brewer GA, Choi Y, Walker RM. Accountability, corruption and government effectiveness in Asia: an exploration of World Bank governance indicators. International Public Management Review. 2007;8(2):204-25. 18. Rabl T, Kühlmann TM. Understanding corruption in organizations–development and empirical assessment of an action model. Journal of business ethics. 2008;82(2):477. 19. Cheung HY, Chan AW. Corruption across countries: Impacts from education and cultural dimensions. The Social Science Journal. 2008;45(2): 223-239. 20. Nogara M. Role of Media in Curbing Corruption: The Case of Uganda under President Yoweri K. Museveni during the'No-Party'System. 2009. 21. Jennings A. Investigating corruption in corporate sport: The IOC and FIFA. International Review for the Sociology of Sport. 2011;46(4):387-98. 22. Pinto J, Leana CR, Pil FK. Corrupt organizations or organizations of corrupt individuals? Two types of organization-level corruption. Academy of Management Review. 2008;33(3):685-709. 23. Eicher S. Corruption in international business: The challenge of cultural and legal diversity: CRC Press; 2012. 24. Buscaglia E. An analysis of judicial corruption and its causes: An objective governing-based approach. International Review of Law and Economics. 2001;21(2):233-249. 25. Kochan N, Goodyear R. Corruption: The new corporate challenge: Palgrave Macmillan; 2011. 26. Javan Jafari A, Safari S. Criminal Challenges Facing Violence In Athletes In Football. Journal of Research in Criminal Justice. 2014;3(9):57-81. [Persian]. 27. Ghaher doust A, Yazdani H, Naserzadeh M. Reviewing how salaries influence the reduction of administrative and financial corruption. Human Resource Studies Quarterly. 2015;5(15):85-108. [Persian]. 28. Pitney WA, Parker J. Qualitative research in physical activity and the health professions: Human Kinetics Champaign, IL; 2009. 29. Guba EG, Lincoln YS. Competing paradigms in qualitative research. Handbook of qualitative research. 1994;2(163-194):105. 30. Strauss A, Corbin J. Basics of Qualitative Research: Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques. 5age. Newbury Park, CA. 1990. 31. Mason DS, Thibault L, Misener L. An agency theory perspective on corruption in sport: The case of the International Olympic Committee. Journal of sport management. 2006;20(1): 52-73. 32. Johnston M. Editor What can be done about entrenched corruption? Annual world bank conference on development economics 1997; 1998: World Bank Washington DC. 33. Zare A, Heydarinezhad S, Shirali R. The Impact of Mass Media on the Control of Corruption in Football. Journal of Communication Management in Sports Media. 2016;3(12):11-24. [Persian]. 34. Ghiyrian H. The role of mass media in controlling corruption. Journal of Research in Media Studies. 2012;7(2):141-8. [Persian]. 35. Scott WR. Institutions and organizations: Ideas, interests, and identities: Sage Publications; 2013. 36. Olken BA. Monitoring corruption: evidence from a field experiment in Indonesia. Journal of political Economy. 2007;115(2):200-49. 37. Baron RA, Byrne D, Branscombe NR. Social psychology, 11/E. Aufl, Boston. 2006. 38. Brooks G, Lee J, Kim H. Match-Fixing in Korean Football. International Journal of Contents. 2012;8(2):82-8. 39. Nassif N. Corruption in sport: the case of Lebanon. Middle East Law and Governance. 2014;6(2): 123-40. 40. Abzari M, Faghani F. Application of AHP and TOPSIS Approach to Prioritize the Factors Affecting Corruption and its Coping Strategies. Journal Of Operational Research And Its Applications (Journal Of Applied Mathematics). 2013;10(1):43-57. [Persian] | ||
|
Statistics Article View: 1,073 PDF Download: 698 |
||