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بررسی پاسخ های تغذیه ای ارقام مختلف گندم به سیلیسیم در یک خاک آهکی | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| مقاله 16، دوره 50، شماره 3، مرداد 1398، صفحه 701-712 اصل مقاله (1.06 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2018.262582.667976 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سمیه صابریان رنجبر1؛ بابک متشرع زاده* 2؛ فرهاد مشیری3؛ حسین میر سیدحسینی2؛ حسینعلی علیخانی4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج | ||
| 3استادیار موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، کرج، ایران | ||
| 4استاد، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج | ||
| چکیده | ||
| با توجه به روند رو به رشد جمعیت کشور و نقش عمده گندم در تأمین انرژی و پروتئین آحاد جامعه، ضرورت نگرش جدید در مدیریت مزرعه به وجود میآید که به وسیله آن تولیدکنندگان کشاورزی بتوانند تغییرات داخل مزرعه را شناسایی نموده و با مدیریت این تغییرات در جهت افزایش محصولات زراعی و افزایش بهره وری گام بردارند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثر سطوح و منابع مختلف کاربرد سیلیسیم بر مادهخشک تولیدی، غلظت و جذب عناصر غذایی هفت رقم گندم در گلخانه تحقیقاتی گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشگاه تهران اجراء گردید. این پژوهش در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی و به صورت فاکتوریل، با دو فاکتور شامل سیلیسیم در شش سطح (شاهد، 200، 400 و 1000 میلیگرم سیلیسیم از منبع سیلیکات پتاسیم بر کیلوگرم خاک و نانوذره سیلیسیم در سطوح 50 و 100 میلیگرم بر کیلوگرم خاک) و ارقام گندم (گنبد، شیرودی، شیراز، مهدوی، مرودشت، بهار و پارسی) در سه تکرار انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد سیلیسیم در سطوح و منابع مختلف، رقم گندم و اثر متقابل آنها بر وزن خشک اندامهوایی و ریشه، غلظت سیلیسیم و پتاسیم در اندامهوایی و جذب کل سیلیسیم، فسفر و پتاسیم در اندام هوایی معنیدار (01/0p≤) بود. غلظت سیلیسیم و پتاسیم در اندام هوایی در ارقام گندم در سطوح مختلف سیلیسیم در زمان کاربرد نانوذرات سیلیسیم به ترتیب در دامنهای از 14/0-32/0 و 16/0-76/0 درصد نسبت به سطوح مختلف سیلیکاتپتاسیم در بالاترین مقدار قرار داشت. میانگین جذب کل سیلیسیم، فسفر و پتاسیم به ترتیب در دامنههایی از 12/0-08/5، 43/0-16/1 و 7/8-2/14میلی گرم در گلدان در اندامهوایی با افزایش سطح کاربرد سیلیکاتپتاسیم، افزایش یافت. بنابراین با توجه به نقش سیلیسیم در جذب عناصرغذایی، استفاده از آن به همراه کاشت ارقام با توان جذب بالاتر میتواند به بهبود رشد گندم کمک کند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| گندم؛ سیلیکات پتاسیم؛ نانوذره سیلیسیم؛ فسفر؛ پتاسیم | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Study of nutritional responses of different wheat cultivars to silicon in a calcareous soil | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Somayeh Saberiyan-Ranjbar1؛ Babak Motesharezadeh2؛ Farhad Moshiri3؛ Hossein Mirseyed Hosseini2؛ Hossein ali Alikhani4 | ||
| 1Ph. D. Student, Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Soil and Water Research Institute, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 4Professor, Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Due to growing population and the major role of wheat in producing energy and protein for population, there is a need for new approach in farm management. This approach can help agricultural producers to identify changes in the farm and manage them in order to increase crop yield and productivity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different levels and sources of silicon application on the dry-matter production, concentration and nutrients uptake by seven wheat cultivars in the greenhouse research station of the Soil Sciences Department of the University of Tehran. This study was conducted in a completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement with two factors including silicon at six levels (control, potassium silicate with application levels of 200, 400 and 1000 Mg of silicon from the potassium silicate source per kilogram of soil, and silicon nanoparticles with application levels of 50 and 100 mg kg-1 soil) and wheat cultivars (Gonbad, Shirodi, Shiraz, Mahdavi, Marvdasht, Bahar and Parsi) with three replications. The results showed that the application of silicon in various levels and sources, wheat cultivars and their interaction on potassium concentration in shoot and the total amount of phosphorus and potassium in the shoot were significant (p≤0.01). Also, the concentration of silicon and potassium in the shoot of different wheat varieties were the highest in the case of application of silicon nanoparticles at different levels of potassium-silicate which ranged from 0.14-0.32 and 0.16-0.76%, respectively. The average total amounts of silicon, phosphorus and potassium uptake by the shoot also increased by increasing silica-potassium application which ranged from 0.12-5.08, 0.43-1.16 and 8.7-14.2 %, respectively. Therefore, considering the role of silicon in the nutrients uptake, its use, along with the planting of higher-uptake cultivars, could help to improve wheat growth. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Wheat, yield, Potassium Silicate, Silicon Nanoparticles, Phosphorus | ||
| مراجع | ||
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