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بررسی ویژگیهای فیزیکو شیمیایی زغالهای زیستی تهیه شده از بقایای ذرت و باگاس نیشکر در دماهای مختلف گرماکافت | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| مقاله 18، دوره 50، شماره 3، مرداد 1398، صفحه 725-739 اصل مقاله (1.46 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2018.259525.667933 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| اکبر کریمی1؛ عبدالامیر معزی* 2؛ مصطفی چرم3؛ نعیمه عنایتی ضمیر4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه علوم ومهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز | ||
| 3استاد گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز | ||
| 4دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز | ||
| چکیده | ||
| گرماکافت زیستتودهها و تولید زغال زیستی روش مناسبی برای مدیریت پسماندهای کشاورزی، ترسیب کربن و بهبود ویژگیهای خاک میباشد. مطالعه ویژگیهای ساختاری و فیزیکو شیمیایی زغال زیستی، که به نوع زیستتوده و دمای گرماکافت بستگی دارد، در شناسایی کاربرد مناسب زغال زیستی در خاک بسیار مهم است. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی تغییرات ویژگیهای زغال زیستی تهیه شده از بقایای ذرت و باگاس نیشکر در دماهای مختلف گرماکافت بود. این پژوهش در شرایط آزمایشگاهی، در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با هشت تیمار بقایای ذرت و باگاس نیشکر و زغالهای زیستی آنها و در سه تکرار انجام شد. زغالهای زیستی در شرایط گرماکافت آهسته و در دماهای 200، 350 و 500 درجه سلسیوس تهیه شدند. نتایج نشان داد افزایش دمای گرماکافت از 200 به 500 درجه سلسیوس در تیمارهای بقایای ذرت و باگاس نیشکر سبب کاهش عملکرد (بهترتیب 2/29 و 6/23 درصد)، مواد فرار (6/43 و 1/57 درصد)، ظرفیت تبادل کاتیونی (8/29 و 5/32 درصد) و نسبتهای اتمی (C/N)، هیدروژن به کربن (H/C) و اکسیژن به کربن (O/C) شد، در حالیکه سبب افزایش درصد خاکستر زغالهای زیستی بقایای ذرت و باگاس نیشکر (بهترتیب 3/20 و 3/42 درصد)، کربن تثبیت شده (3/23 و 8/14 درصد)،pH ، EC، ترکیبات آروماتیک و غلظت عناصر غذایی شد. غلظت نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم در تیمارهای بقایای ذرت بیشتر از باگاس نیشکر بود، اما نسبت C/N در تیمارهای باگاس نیشکر بیشتر بود. با توجه به این پژوهش میتوان نتیجهگیری کرد که زغالهای زیستی تهیه شده در دمای 500 درجه سلسیوس در ترسیب کربن در خاک مؤثرتر هستند، در حالیکه زغالهای زیستی تهیه شده در دماهای 200 و 350 درجه سلسیوس برای بهبود حاصلخیزی خاک مناسبتر هستند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بقایای کشاورزی؛ زیستتوده؛ حاصلخیزی خاک؛ ترسیب کربن | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigation of physicochemical characteristics of biochars derived from corn residue and sugarcane bagasse in different pyrolysis temperature | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| akbar Karimi1؛ abdolamir Moezzi2؛ Mostafa Chorom3؛ Naeimeh Enayatizamir4 | ||
| 1Ph.D Student, Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz | ||
| 3Professor, Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz | ||
| 4Associate Professor, Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Pyrolysis of feedstocks and producing biochar is a suitable technique for agricultural wastes management, carbon sequestration and soil amelioration. The study of structural and physicochemical properties of biochars, which are strongly dependent on the type of feedstock and pyrolysis temperature, is very important to identify the suitable application of biochar in the soil. The objective of this research was to investigate the properties changes of biochars derived from corn residue and sugarcane bagasse under different pyrolysis temperatures. This study was carried out under laboratory conditions based on a randomized complete design with eight treatments of corn residue, sugarcane bagasse and their biochars and in three replications. Biochars were produced at 200, 350 and 500˚C pyrolysis temperatures under slow pyrolysis conditions. Results indicated that increasing pyrolysis temperature from 200 to 500˚C, in corn residue and sugarcane bagasse treatments, decreased the yield (29.24 and 23.6% respectively), volatile matter (29.8 and 32.5%), cation exchange capacity (32.5 and 29.8%) and the ratios of C/N, H/C and O/C while led to increase the ash content of corn residue and sugarcane bagasse biochars (20.3 and 42.3% respectively), fixed carbon (23.2 and 14.7%), pH, EC, aromatic compounds and nutrients concentration. Concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium were greater in the corn residue than in the sugarcane bagasse treatments, but the C/N ratio were greater in the sugarcane bagasse treatments. Based on the results of this study, it could be concluded that biochars produced at 500˚C temperature can be more effective in carbon sequestration in the soil, whereas biochars produced at 200 and 350˚C temperatures are more suitable for improving soil fertility. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Agriculture wastes, Carbon sequestration, Feedstock, Soil fertility | ||
| مراجع | ||
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