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بررسی ضمان کار بر مبنای قواعد فقهی | ||
مجله علمی "پژوهشهای فقهی" | ||
مقاله 10، دوره 17، شماره 1، فروردین 1400، صفحه 227-259 اصل مقاله (787.31 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jorr.2019.281311.1008442 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
زهره حاجیان فروشانی* 1؛ عبدالحسین رضایی راد2 | ||
1استادیار، گروه فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی، دانشکدۀ الهیات و معارف اسلامی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران | ||
2دانشیار، گروه فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی، دانشکدۀ الهیات و معارف اسلامی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
کار و فعالیت انسان عنصر مهمی در چرخۀ تولید و اقتصاد هر جامعه محسوب میشود. بهطوری که اگر در کارکرد نیروی انسانی یک جامعه اختلال ایجاد شود، اقتصاد و چرخۀ تولید دچار آسیب جدی خواهد شد. یکی از مسائل مهمی که در حقوق اسلام در زمینۀ نیروی کار انسان مطرح شده، مسئلۀ محروم کردن شخصی از کار و تحصیل درآمد و لزوم جبران خسارت ناشی از آن است. اکثر فقهای متقدم در اتلاف نیروی کار انسان، ضمان را ثابت نمیدانند. منتهی برخی از فقهای معاصر در این زمینه، به ضمان حکم دادهاند. لذا در این مقاله با روش توصیفی - تحلیلی این موضوع ارزیابی خواهد شد و با تحلیل و بررسی نظریات فقها، قانونهای موجود، آرای محاکم و استناد به قواعد مسلّم فقهی این نتیجه حاصل شده است که اگر شخص محرومشده از اشتغال، بهطور متعارف دارای کسبوکار و درآمد باشد، کسی که مانع کار او شده، به نسبت ایام محرومیت، ضامن و مسئول جبران خسارت است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
ضمان؛ قواعد فقهی؛ نیروی کار | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Examining the Work Guarantee Based on Jurisprudential Rules | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Zohre Hajian Forushani1؛ Abdolhossein Rezaie Rad2 | ||
1Assistant Professor, Department of Jurisprudence and Principles of Islamic Law, Faculty of Theology & Islamic Studies, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran | ||
2Associate Professor, Department of Jurisprudence and Principles of Islamic Law, Faculty of Theology & Islamic Studies, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Human work and activity as an important element have a significant role in the production cycle and economy of any society and if it is disrupted, the whole economy and production cycle will be harmed seriously. Depriving a person of work and income and the necessity of compensation for its damage is among the issues in Islamic law in the field of human labor. Most of the earlier jurists do not consider a fix guarantee for wasting human labor. However, some contemporary jurists have decreed in favor of the guarantee in this regard. Therefore, using a descriptive-analytical method, this article has evaluated this issue. Then, the opinions of the jurists, the existing laws, the judgments of the courts, and the invocation of certain jurisprudential rules have been analyzed and examined, and it has been concluded that the one who deprives a person of normal business and income of employment is responsible for compensation for the damages based on the days of deprivation. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Guarantee, Labor Force, Jurisprudential Rules | ||
مراجع | ||
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