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تاثیر کود شیمیایی و غیر شیمیایی بر میزان مادهخشک رزماری در رقابت با علفهای هرز | ||
به زراعی کشاورزی | ||
مقاله 10، دوره 22، شماره 1، فروردین 1399، صفحه 135-148 اصل مقاله (1.36 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jci.2019.282463.2224 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
مریم صادق1؛ فائزه زعفریان* 2؛ وحید اکبرپور3؛ مصطفی عمادی4 | ||
1دانشجوی کارشناسیارشد، گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران | ||
2دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران | ||
3استادیار، گروه باغبانی، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران | ||
4استادیار، گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
بهمنظور بررسی میزان مادهخشک رزماری (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) و علفهای هرز تحت تاثیر منابع کودی مختلف، آزمایشی بهصورت کرتهای خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1395 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری به اجرا درآمد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل رقابت گیاه زراعی و علفهای هرز (در دو سطح وجود و نبود علفهای هرز) بهعنوان عامل اصلی و منابع کودی شامل: کود دامی، ورمیکمپوست، کود دامی + ورمیکمپوست، کود شیمیایی NPK (N 46%, P2O5 46%, K2O 50%)، نانوکود NPK و شاهد (عدم مصرف کود) بهعنوان عامل فرعی بود. نتایج نشان داد که رقابت با علفهای هرز باعث شد که گیاه رزماری حداکثر تجمع مادهخشک خود را به لایههای بالاتر (40-20 سانتیمتر) منتقل نماید؛ در حالیکه در شرایط حذف رقابت با علفهای هرز، گیاه رزماری از توانایی و یکنواختی بالاتری در حفظ مادهخشک در دو لایه ابتدایی کانوپی در مقایسه با شرایط حضور علفهای هرز برخوردار بود. در این خصوص تیمار ورمیکمپوست با میانگین 51/49 گرم بیشترین مادهخشک تک بوته را داشت. بررسیهای انجام شده روی تراکم و زیست تودهی علفهای هرز نشان داد که کاربرد کود ورمیکمپوست به تنهایی (تیمار 2) تراکم و زیست توده علف هرز را کاهش دهد؛ درحالیکه تیمار کود شیمیایی بیشترین تراکم و زیست توده علفهای هرز را داشت. نتایج نشان داد، کاربرد کودهای آلی نظیر ورمیکمپوست ضمن کاهش مصرف کودهای شیمیایی و نیز نداشتن عواقب سوء زیست محیطی، توانایی بالایی در مهار رشد علفهای هرز داشته و موجب کاهش تراکم و زیست توده علفهای هرز میشود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
تراکم؛ تنش رقابتی؛ زیست توده؛ ساختار کانوپی؛ گیاهان دارویی | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Effect of chemical and none chemical fertilizer on rosemary dry matter in competition with weeds | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
maryam sadegh1؛ Faezeh Zaefarian2؛ Vahid Akbarpour3؛ mostafa emadi4 | ||
1M.Sc. Student, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran | ||
2Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran | ||
3Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran | ||
4Assistant Professor, Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
In order to determine the rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) dry matter and weeds under different fertilizer sources, an experiment was conducted as a split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications at Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University in 2016. The treatments consisted of: competition between plants and weeds (weedy check and weed free) as the main factor, and sub factor was fertilizer sources included sheep manure, vermicompost, sheep manure + vermicompost, NPK chemical fertilizer (N 46%, P2O5 46%, K2O 50%), NPK nano fertilizer and control (no fertilizer). The results showed that interference with weeds caused rosemary shift the maximum dry matter to the upper layers of canopy (20-40 cm). While in weed free treatment, rosemary had higher ability and uniformity in dry matter distribution in the two primary canopy layers compared to competition with weeds. In this regard, vermicompost treatment was successful with a mean of 49.51 g plant-1. Studies on density and weed biomass showed that the use of vermicompost (treatment 2) reduced density and biomass of weeds, while the chemical fertilizer caused the highest weed density and biomass. The results showed that the use of organic fertilizers such as vermicompost, not only reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and do not have environmental consequences, but also have the high ability to suppress weeds growth and decrease weed density and biomass. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Biomass, Competitive stress, Canopy structure, Density, Medicinal plant | ||
مراجع | ||
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