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بررسی تأثیر کاربرد تلفیقی کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی نیتروژن در روش های کاشت متفاوت بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد کلزا (Brassica napus L.) | ||
| به زراعی کشاورزی | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 22، شماره 2، تیر 1399، صفحه 283-294 اصل مقاله (875.91 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jci.2019.286835.2254 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فیروزه اولاد عسکری1؛ مانی مجدم* 2؛ تیمور بابایی نژاد3 | ||
| 1دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، اهواز، ایران. | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه زراعت، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، اهواز، ایران. | ||
| 3استادیار، گروه خاک‌شناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| کودهای بیولوژیک از جمله نهاده‌های طبیعی هستند که می‌توانند به عنوان مکمل یا جایگزین کودهای شیمیایی در کشاورزی پایدار به‌کار برده شوند. این آزمایش به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده در قالب طرح آماری بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در سال زراعی 98-1397 در استان خوزستان اجرا شد. سه روش مختلف کاشت کرتی (به‌صورت دست‌پاش)، کرتی خطی و جوی و پشته-ای در کرت‌های اصلی و سه سطح کاربرد 100درصد کود اوره، 70 درصد کود اوره باضافه 100 گرم ازتوباکتر، 50 درصد کود اوره باضافه 100 گرم ازتوباکتر در کرت‌های فرعی مقایسه گردید. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که کاربرد تلفیقی کود اوره باضافه ازتوباکتر و روش کاشت تأثیر معنی‌دار بر تعداد خورجین در بوته، تعداد دانه در خورجین، عملکرد دانه، درصد پروتئین، عملکرد پروتئین و عملکرد روغن داشت. مصرف70 درصد کود اوره باضافه ازتوباکتر به طور معنی‌دار موجب افزایش عملکرد روغن کلزا شد ولی با تیمار 100 درصد اوره در یک کلاس قرار گرفت. اثر متقابل روش کاشت و تلفیق اوره و ازتوباکتر اثر معنی‌دار بر عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک داشت. مناسب‌ترین عملکرد دانه از نظر کاهش مصرف کود روش کاشت جوی و پشته و 70 درصد اوره همراه با کاربرد ازتوباکتر حاصل شد. در این پژوهش، با توجه به صرفه‌جویی 25 درصدی در مصرف کود شیمیایی نیتروژن علاوه بر افزایش 33% خصوصیات کیفی کلزا موجب کاهش 30 درصدی در هزینه‌های انجام شده گردید که از لحاظ اقتصادی مقرون به صرفه و قابل توصیه است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ازتوباکتر؛ تعداد دانه در خورجین؛ جوی و پشته؛ درصد پروتئین؛ عملکرد روغن | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of Combined Application of Biological and Chemical Nitrogen Fertilizers on Different Planting Methods on Yield and Yield Components of Canola (Brassica napus L.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Firozeh Oladaskari1؛ mani mojaddam2؛ timoor Babaei Nejad3 | ||
| 1Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Agronomy, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Department of Soil, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Biological fertilizers are natural inputs that can be used as complementary or alternative fertilizers in sustainable agriculture. A split plot experiment has been conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Khuzestan province during 2018-19. Three different planting methods (spraying), linear and atmospheric and stack plots in main plots and three levels of application of 100% urea, 70% urea plus 100 g Azotobacter, 50% urea plus 100 g Azotobacter in plots. Sub-comparisons. The results of analysis of variance showed that the main effects application of urea fertilizer plus azotobacter and planting pattern had a significant effect on number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, grain yield, protein percentage, parietin yield. The use of 70% urea plus Azotobacter significantly increased the yield of rapeseed oil but was in a class with 100% urea treatment. The use of 70% urea plus Azotobacter significantly increased the yield of rapeseed oil but was in a class with 100% urea treatment. Interaction between sowing pattern and the combination of urea and aztobacter had a significant effect on grain yield and biological yield. The most appropriate yield of method planting furrow and 70% of urea with azotobacter application. In this study, considering the 25% savings in nitrogen fertilizer consumption, in addition to 33% increase in canola quality, it reduced the costs by 30%, which is economically viable and recommended. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Azotobacter, furrow, number of seeds per pod, oil yield, protein percent | ||
| مراجع | ||
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