تعداد نشریات | 161 |
تعداد شمارهها | 6,552 |
تعداد مقالات | 70,711 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 124,578,953 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 97,780,303 |
بررسی جامعهشناختی نگارۀ پناه (1356) اثر محمود فرشچیان | ||
مطالعات و تحقیقات اجتماعی در ایران | ||
مقاله 7، دوره 9، شماره 1، فروردین 1399، صفحه 161-186 اصل مقاله (529.83 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jisr.2020.287194.917 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
مصطفی سیاسر1؛ سیدسعید زاهد2؛ اصغر جوانی* 3؛ اصغر فهیمی فر4 | ||
1دانشجوی دکتری پژوهش هنر، دانشگاه هنر اصفهان | ||
2دانشیار جامعهشناسی، دانشگاه شیراز | ||
3دانشیار پژوهش هنر، دانشگاه هنر اصفهان | ||
4دانشیار فلسفه و تاریخ هنر، دانشگاه تربیتمدرس | ||
چکیده | ||
مطالعۀ جامعهشناختی در هنر امکانات جدید و ممتازی را برای برنامهریزان اجتماعی و اعضای جامعۀ هنری فراهم میسازد. بررسی جامعهشناختی تجربۀ محمود فرشچیان در خلق نگارههای شیعی که بعضاً با اقبال عمومی مواجه شده، علاوه بر فهم معانی آثار، یافتههایی برای خودآگاهی جامعۀ هنری و برنامهریزان اجتماعی خواهد داشت و به پرسشهای مهمی پاسخ خواهد داد: چگونه یک اثر هنری خود را بهعنوان یک پدیدۀ فراگیر اجتماعی مطرح کند، دیده شود و اثرگذاری کند؟ چه زمینههای شخصیتی در هنرمند وجود دارد که اثر هنری او را به یک پدیدۀ فراگیر اجتماعی مبدل میکند؟ شرایط فرهنگی جامعه چه تأثیری بر شخصیت هنرمند و آفرینشهای هنری او دارد؟ هنرمند و اثر هنری او چه نسبتی با جامعه دارند؟ بررسی جامعهشناختی نگارۀ «پناه» با هدف توضیح مکانیسم اجتماعی بهوجودآمدن آن با استفاده از نظریۀ سید سعید زاهد نشانگر آن است که اثر مذکور برآیند کنش هنرمند در زمینۀ شخصیت، فرهنگ و شرایط اجتماعی بوده است. شخصیت و زمینۀ فرهنگی بهطور مستقیم بر ادراک هنری هنرمند یعنی الهام، تخیل و نوآوری مؤثر است و زمینۀ اجتماعی و ساختار رسمی جامعه نیز بهطور غیرمستقیم و ناخودآگاه بر آن اثرگذار شدهاند. التفات هنرمند به خفقان حاکم بر مردم در نیمههای دهۀ 1350 از رهگذر الهام و تخیل به مضمون «پناهجویی شیعیان» تبدیل شده و سپس از مجرای نوآوری، ساختار بصری یافته است. ساختار بصری نگارۀ پناه بهواسطۀ تمهیدات تجسمیای مانند ترکیببندی متمرکز، فضای خلوت، بازنمایی غیرفیگوراتیو پیکرۀ امام با خطوط منحنی و پرهیز از چهرهپردازی و تلون برای کاهش مادیت اشکال و فضا به فرم مبدل شده و حزن جمعی و بییاوری آنها را بازنمایی کرده است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
پناه؛ زمینۀ جمعی؛ زمینۀ فرهنگی؛ محمود فرشچیان؛ نگارگری شیعی | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Sociological Consideration of "Panah" Painting (1356) by Mahmood Farshchian | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Mostafa Siasar1؛ Seyyed Saeed Zahed2؛ Asghar Javani3؛ Asghar Fahimifar4 | ||
1Phd. Student in Art University of Isfahan | ||
2Associate Professor of Sociology in Shiraz university | ||
3Associate Professor of Art Research in Art University of Isfahan | ||
4Associate Professor of Philosophy and History of art in Tarbiat Modares University | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Introduction: Sociological study in art, establishes new capabilities and advantages for social planners and art society members. Sociological study of Farshchian,s Shiite paintings, which usually were welcomed by the public, more than the meaning, will provide the contemporary Iranian painters with self-awareness. This research will also answer to questions such as “how does a piece of art bccome fameous and welcomed, how personal background causes a piece of art be welcomed publicly, what are the affects of cultural conditions on artist personality and his works and what is the relation between society and artist and his work? Method: To answer these questions via an explanatory - analytic method for analyzing, much data gathered through studying texts and interviewing some painters and professors. This method in relation to the theoretical model used, managed data collecting and then analyzing, finding and finally concluding the results. Finding: Sociological study of “Panah”religious painting (meaning shelter) to uncover the mechanism of social creating based on a local theory, made by professor seyyed saeed zahed, showed that the painting has been the resultant of artist action in background of personality, culture and social condition together. This comment means that we can not put our stress on one social factor alone, but examine the portion of factors which should not be supposed fixed in their portion of influence. Our analysis on factors and their portion of affection made it clear that personality of the artist and cultural background have directly affected the inspiration, imagination and innovation of farshcian in “Panah”, but the social structure indirectly and unconsciously. The artist birth in a religous family and the Shiite system of training by mother according ceremonies like pilgrimage, resorting and mourning has formed and deeply affected his aesthetics. In this way his action is in accordance to shiite public culture and the kind of its aesthetics as far as artistic creation has been done as a religious action. More over, farshchian is relataed to social structure and condition in fifties. In this decade, he has a critical position toward cultural and political situation. His criticizing of modern styles of painting and alienation of modern artist is so clear. On the other hand, suppression of people in that decade has affected his works unconsciously and conscously.”under dominatin of power” is an example of direct and conscous political criticizing, but “panah” is indirectly affected. The artist unintentionaly has criticized the suppression of people by Pahlavid regime in half of fifties(1350) and then has refered to “asylum” topic with a special visual structure. Mahmood Farshchian has formed the visual structure of “panah” painting by using concentrated composition, empty space, nonfigurative and colorless anatomy of imam to reduce materiality and induce helplessness of the Shiite under suppression. This structure represents the collective sense of shiite people toward the dominated condition in which the artist lives. Results and Conclusion: Our consideration of “Panah creation”, shows that Farshchian himself is more affected by informal structure of society or traditional pattern of relations especially family relations and Shiite collective ceremonies than modern and formal social structure. On the other hand, the work has been formed under the social condition and collective shiite sense in which shiite people are suppressed. It means that his visual arrangements are unconsciously affected by social suppression which has formed the elements and their composition. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Mahmoud Farshchian, Shiite Painting, Social Background, Cultural Background | ||
مراجع | ||
| ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 816 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 492 |