تعداد نشریات | 161 |
تعداد شمارهها | 6,532 |
تعداد مقالات | 70,501 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 124,114,504 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 97,218,247 |
تأثیر محلولپاشی برگی برخی تنظیمکنندههای رشد و نیتروژن بر شاخصهای رشدی، عملکرد و کیفیت روغن گلرنگ بهاره | ||
به زراعی کشاورزی | ||
مقاله 6، دوره 22، شماره 3، مهر 1399، صفحه 407-417 اصل مقاله (861.03 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jci.2020.287383.2261 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
سعید حضرتی1؛ امیررضا صادقی بختوری* 1؛ داود کیانی2 | ||
1استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران. | ||
2استادیار، بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان بوشهر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بوشهر، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
جهت ارزیابی تأثیرمحلولپاشی مواد تنظیمکننده رشد و نیتروژن بر شاخصهای رشدی، تولید و کیفیت روغن دو رقم گلرنگ بهاره، آزمایشی در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی خسروشاه مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجانشرقی بهصورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال زراعی 1393 بهاجرا در آمد. فاکتورهای موردمطالعه شامل تنظیمکننده رشد اکسین، سیتوکنین و ترکیب تیماری اکسین+ سیتوکنین هر کدام با غلظت 1000 میلیگرم در لیتر و عدم مصرف هورمونها بهعنوان تیمار شاهد، محلولپاشی نیتروژن دو سطح (سه و شش در هزار) و دو رقم گلرنگ بهاره (صفه و گلدشت) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که در رقم صفه شاخصهای ارتفاع بوته (37 درصد)، تعداد دانه در طبق (39 درصد)، تعداد شاخه فرعی (9 درصد) و تعداد طبق در بوته (17 درصد) نسبت به رقم گلدشت افزایش نشان داد. درحالیکه قطر طبق و وزن هزار دانه در رقم گلدشت بهترتیب 15 و 47 درصد بیشتر از رقم صفه بود. بیشترین عملکرد دانه 3205 کیلوگرم در هکتار در ترکیب تیماری محلولپاشی اکسین و نیتروژن بهصورت سه هزار بهدست آمد که تفاوت معنیداری با عدم مصرف هورمون و محلولپاشی نیتروژن بهصورت شش در هزار در رقم صفه نداشت. بیشترین مقدار اسیدهای چرب اولئیک، پالمتیک و لینولنیک با کاربرد ترکیبی اکسین و سیتوکنین و محلولپاشی سه و شش در هزار نیتروژن مشاهده شد. کاربرد جداگانه اکسین و سیتوکنین میزان لینولئیک و استئاریک را در گلرنگ بهاره در مقایسه با عدم مصرف هورمون افزایش داد که این افزایش در رقم صفه در مقایسه با گلدشت بیشتر بود. براساس نتیجهگیری نهایی رقم صفه در مقایسه با رقم گلدشت از میزان رشد و عملکرد بیشتری برخوردار بود و همچنین تأثیرپذیری مثبت رقم صفه در مقایسه با گلدشت در محلولپاشی هورمونها و نیتروژن بیشتر بود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
اسیدهای چرب؛ اکسین؛ تولید؛ سیتوکینین؛ کیفیت روغن | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Effects of Foliar Application of Some Growth Regulators and Nitrogen on Growth, Yield and Oil Quality of Spring Safflower | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Saeid Hazrati1؛ Amir Reza Sadeghi-Bakhtvari1؛ Davood Kiani2 | ||
1Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran. | ||
2Assistant Professor, Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Bushehr Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Bushehr, Iran. | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
The present study aims at evaluating the effects of leaf foliar of growth regulators and nitrogen on growth parameters and yield of spring safflower. To do so it has carried out a research at East Azerbaijan Agricultural Research Center as a factorial experiment based on RCBD (Randomized Complete Block Design) with three replications. The factors include growth regulators in four levels, namely auxin, cytokinin, auxin + cytokinin (wherein the treatment’s concentration has been 1000 mg/L), and control (no use of growth regulator, whatsoever), foliar application of nitrogen (3 and 6 per thousand), and two springcultivars (Soffe and Goldasht). Results show taller plants (17%) and greater number of heads per plant (39%), seeds per head (9%), and lateral stems (37%) for Soffeh cultivar, compared to Goldasht variety. On the other hand, Goldasht cultivar provides the maximum head diameter (15%) and 1000 seed weight (47%), in comparison to Soffeh cultivar. The maximum grain yield is observed for Soffeh cultivar with auxin growth regulator and a concentration of three per thousand foliar application of nitrogen (3205 kg ha -1),displaying no significant difference from either the control or the application of three per thousand foliar of nitrogen (3120 kg ha-1). The application of growth regulators has changed the fatty acid composition. The application of auxin + cytokinin as the growth regulator with a concentration of three and six per thousand foliar of nitrogen increase the oleic, palmitic, and linolenic acids. However, the use of auxin and cytokinin separately increase linoleic and stearic acids among the fatty acids, compared to the control, which is higher in Soffeh cultivar than Goldasht. In general, Soffeh cultivar shows higher growth and yield, compared to Goldasht cultivar, indicating the positive effect in foliar application of hormones and nitrogen for the latter. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Auxin, cytokinin, fatty acid quality, nitrogen, production | ||
مراجع | ||
Abbadi, J., Gerendás, J., & Sattelmacher, B. (2008). Effects of nitrogen supply on growth, yield and yield components of safflower and sunflower. Plant and Soil, 306(1-2), 167-180. doi: 10.1007/s11104-008-9569-5 Abdel-Hafiz, M., Abdel-Hafiz, E., & Hassan, A. (2019). Morph physiological traits of safflower as affected by plant densities and nitrogen fertilization. Journal of Productivity and Development, 24(1), 1-14. doi:10.21608/jpd.2019.41319. Abdul, M., & Fayyazul, H. (2006). Effects of sulphur on fatty acid accumulation in Brassica cultivars. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 5, 588-592. doi: 1560–8530/2006/08–5–588–592. Ahmadi, A., Ehsanzadeh, P., & Jabbari, F. (2008). Introduction to plant physiology. Tehran University Press. Tehran, Iran, 498 pp. Ahmadi, M., & Omidi, H. (2001). Recognition of safflower and preliminary study of its structure in Iran. Ministry of Agriculture. Tehran, Iran. 280pp. Ashri, A., Zimmer, D. E., Urie, A. L., Cahaner, A., & Marni, A. (1974). Evaluate of the world collection of safflower IV. yield and yield components and their relationships. Crop Science, 14(6),799-802. doi: 10.2135/cropsci1974.0011183x001400060006x. Azadmard-Damirchi, S., & Dutta, P.C. (2008). Stability of minor lipid components with emphasis on phytosterols during chemical inter esterification of a blend of refined Olive oil and Palm Stearin. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 85(1), 13-21. doi:10.1007/s11746-007-1170-1. Baydar, H., & Ülger, S. (1998). Correlations between changes in the amount of endogenous phytohormones and flowering in the Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Turkish Journal of Biology, 22(4), 421-425. Beech, D. F., & Norman. M. J. T. (2002). The effect of wet-season land treatment and nitrogen fertilizer on safflower, linseed, and wheat in the Ord River Valley. Australian Journal of Experiment. Agriculture, 8(30), 72-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9680072. Bohra, J.S. (1995). Effect of nitrogen, plating pattern and population on productivity of safflower+ Indiarape intercropping. Agronomy, 51, 371-373. Botella, M. A., Cerda, A., Martinez, V., & Lips, S. H. (1994). Nitrate and ammonium uptake by wheat seeding as affected by salinity and light. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 17(5), 839-850. doi:10.1080/01904169409364770. Camas, N., & Esendal, E. (2006) Estimation of broad-sense heritability for seed yield and yield components of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Hereditas. 143(2006), 55-57. doi:10.1111/j.2006.0018-0661.01914. Delshad, E., Yousefi, M., Sasannezhad, P., Rakhshandeh, H., & Ayati, Z. (2018). Medical uses of Carthamus tinctorius L. (Safflower): a comprehensive review from traditional medicine to modern medicine. Electronic physician, 10(4), 6672-6681. doi:10.19082/6672. Faizan, U., & Bano, A. (2011). Effect of plant growth regulators on oil yield and biodiesel production of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology, 23(1), 27-31. doi: 10.1590/s1677-04202011000100005. Faizanullah, A., Bano, A., & Nosheen, A. (2010). Role of plant growth regulators on oil yield and biodiesel production of linseed (linum usitatissimum L.). Journal of the Chemical Society of Pakistan, 32(5), 568-671. FAO. (2017). FAOSTAT. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. Fatima, Z., & Bano, A. (1998). Effect of seed treatment with growth hormones and Rhizobium on the oil contents, nitrogen fixation and yield of soybean. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 30(1), 83-86. Flagella, Z., Rotunnon, T., Tarantino, E., Di Caterina, R., & Decaro, A. (2002). Changes in seed yield and oil fatty acid composition of high oleic sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) hybrids in relation to sowing date and water regime. European Journal of Agronomy, 17(3), 221-230. doi:10.1016/s1161-0301(02)00012-6. Ghorbanzadeh, M., & Afzal, R. (2015). Evaluation of genetic diversity of Iranian populations and foreign cultivars of safflower (Carthamus tinctorios L.) using morphological traits and RAPD molecular markers. Journal of Molecular and Cellular Research. 28 (1), 94-106 (In Persian) Gubbles, G. H., & Dedio, W. (2004). Effect of plant density and soil fertility and oil seed safflower genotypes. Canadian Journal Plant Science, 66(3), 521-527. doi:10.4141/cjps86-071. Hamrouni, I., Salah, H. B., & Marzouk, B. (2001). Effects of water-deficit on lipids of safflower aerial parts. Phytochemistry, 58(2), 277-280. doi: 10.1016/s0031-9422(01)00210-2. Heidari, S., & Asad, M. T. (1998). Effect of irrigation regimes, levels of nitrogen and plant density on yield of Zarghan 279 cultivar of Safflower in Arsanjan region. Iranian Congress of Agronomy and Plant Breeding. Seed and Plant Improvement Institute of Karaj, Iran, 485pp. Horwitz, W., & Latimer, G.W. (2005) Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International. 18th Edition, Association of Official Analytical Chemistry International, Maryland, USA. Jusoh, M., Loh, SH., Chuah, T.S., Aziz, A., & Cha, TS. (2015) Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) induced changes in oil content, fatty acid profiles and expression of four fatty acid biosynthetic genes in Chlorella vulgaris at early stationary growth phase. Phytochemistry, 111 (1), 65-71. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.12.022. Keshavarzi, M., Jafari, B., & Bagheri, A. (2014). The evaluation of auxin and gibberellin hormone on quantitative and qualitative characteristicsof forage corn. Journal of Plant Ecophysiology, 5(15), 26-35. (In Persian) Ljung, K., Bhalerao, R. P., Sandberg, G. (2001). Sites and homeostatic control of auxin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis during vegetative growth. Plant Journal, 28(4), 465-474. doi:10.1046/j.1365-313x.2001.01173. x. Mahrokh, A., Nabi Pour, M., Roshanfekr Dezfuli, & H., Choukan., R. (2015). The effect of spraying auxine and cytokinine hormones on photosynthetic pigments and leaf proline amino acid in maize hybrid 704 under drought stress condition. Journal of Plant Process and Function. 5(16), 165-179. (In Persian) MAJ. (2017). Ministry of Agriculture Jihad, Communications and information technology center. Available at Web sitehttp://amar.maj.ir/ Portal/Home/Default.aspx? Mohammadi, M., Tavakoli, A., & Saba, J. (2014). Effects of foliar application of 6-benzylaminopurine on yield and oil content in two spring safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivars. Plant Growth Regulation, 73(3), 219-226. doi:10.1007/s10725-013-9882-8. Nejad-Shamlo, R. A. (1996). Survey of properties of morphological, physiological and performance of spring safflower at Isfahan. M. Sc thesis. Islamic Azad University of Isfahan. 120 pp. (In Persian) Noormohammadi, Gh., & Ehdai. B. (1984). Effects of sowing date on grain yield and other agronomic traits of safflower. Journal of Agricultural University of Chamran, 9, 28-42. (In Persian) Omidi, H., Tahmasebi, Z., Naghdi H., Badi, A., Torabi, H., & Miransari. M. (2010). Fatty acid composition of canola (Brassica napus L.), as affected by agronomical, genotypic and environmental parameters. Comptes Rendus Osugi, A., & Sakakibara, H. (2015). Q&A: How do plants respond to cytokinins and what is their importance? BMC Biology, 13(1). doi:10.1186/s12915-015-0214-5. Pasban Eslam, B. (2018). Effect of planting date on reducing growth period of spring Safflower cultivars in Tabriz cold and semi-arid climate. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 15(4), 851-860. (In Persian) Rastgo, B., Ebadie, A., & Parmoon, G. (2014). Investigation the effect of using nitrogen on yield and storage compositions of safflower grain (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Crop Physiology Journal, 6(21), 102-85. (In Persian) Rastogi, A., Siddiqui, A., Mishra, B., Srivastava, M., Pandey, R., Misra, P., Singh, M., & Shukla, S. (2013). Effect of auxin and gibberellic acid on growth and yield components of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.). Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, 13(2), 136-143. doi:10.1590/s1984-70332013000200006. Shariatinia, F. (2008). Effects of nitrogen, boron and sulfur on yield and yield components, seed protein and oil content of safflower, Isfahan native cultivar. M.Sc. thesis. Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. 123 pp. (In Persian) Sharifi, R. S., Namvar, A., & Sharifi, R. S. (2017). Grain filling and fatty acid composition of safflower fertilized with integrated nitrogen fertilizer and biofertilizers. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 52(4), 236-243. doi:10.1590/s0100-204x2017000400003. Sharma, K., & Verma, A. (1975). Effect of plant population and row spacing on sunflower agronomy. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 75, 491-499. doi:10.4141/cjps75-075. Soleimani, R. (2008). Effects of the amount and timing of nitrogen application on yield and its components in spring safflower. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences. 10(1), 47-59. (In Persian) Strašil, Z., & Vorlíček, Z. (2011). The effect of nitrogen fertilization, sowing rates and site on yields and yield components of selected varieties of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Plant, Soil and Environment, 48(7), 307-311. doi:10.17221/4368-pse. Tahmasebizadeh, H., Madani, H., & Naderi-Brojerdi, G. H. (2010). Effect of planting date, plant density and nitrogen levels on growth and essence amount of safflower. New Findings in Agriculture. 2(4), 375-390. (In Persian) Zand, B., Sorooshzadeh, A., Ghanati, F., & Moradi, F. (2014). Effect of zinc (Zn) and auxin (IBA) foliar application on phytohormonal variation and growth of corn (Zea mays L.). Iranian Journal of Plant Biology, 6 (22). (In Persian) | ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 603 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 456 |