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بررسی تأثیر کامپوزیتهای کیتوسان بر غلظت کادمیوم و برخی از عناصر غذایی گیاه کاهو | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
مقاله 1، دوره 51، شماره 7، مهر 1399، صفحه 1605-1622 اصل مقاله (689.21 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2020.295558.668468 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
زهرا نجفی* 1؛ احمد گلچین2؛ پریسا علمداری3؛ محمد صادق عسکری3 | ||
1دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران | ||
2استاد، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران | ||
3استادیار، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی کارایی کامپوزیتهای مختلف کیتوسان درکاهش تحرک کادمیوم در خاک و همچنین بررسی تأثیر آنها بر گیاه کاهو انجام گرفت. برای این منظور یک آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی، بهصورت گلدانی و در شرایط گلخانه به اجرا در آمد. فاکتورهای مورد بررسی عبارت بودند از سطوح کادمیوم خاک (صفر، 8، 25 و 75 میلیگرم بر کیلوگرم) و نوع جاذب (کیتوسان، بیوچار، زئولیت و نانو مگنتیت خالص و کامپوزیتهای کیتوسان-بیوچار، کیتوسان-زئولیت، کیتوسان-مگنتیت و تیمار بدون جاذب) که هر یک از جاذبها در سطح نیم درصد وزنی بهکار رفتند. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش غلظت کادمیوم کل خاک، میانگین ارتفاع بوته، وزن خشک بخش هوایی و ریشه و غلظت عناصر فسفر، پتاسیم، آهن و روی بخش هوایی گیاه کاهو کاهش و غلظت کادمیوم آن افزایش یافت. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که افزودن جاذبها به خاک با جذب بخشی از کادمیوم محلول خاک باعث کاهش اثرات سمّی کادمیوم شدند بهطوری که با کاربرد 5/0 درصد وزنی از کامپوزیت کیتوسان-مگنتیت بهعنوان کاراترین جاذب غلظت کادمیوم بخش هوایی 22/24 میلیگرم بر کیلوگرم نسبت به شاهد کاهش و بهدنبال آن میانگین ارتفاع بوته و وزن خشک بخش هوایی 57/29 و 60/43 درصد و غلظت فسفر، پتاسیم، آهن و روی بخش هوایی بهترتیب 22/72، 78/98، 77/267 و 10/128 درصد نسبت به شاهد افزایش یافت. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آلودگی خاک؛ سمّیت کادمیوم؛ کامپوزیتهای کیتوسان؛ کاهو | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
The Effects of Chitosan Composites on the Concentrations of Cadmium and Some Nutrients of Lettuce Plant | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
zahra najafi1؛ Ahmad Golchin2؛ parisa alamdari3؛ Mohammad Sadegh Askari3 | ||
1PhD. Student, Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran | ||
2Prof., Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran | ||
3Assistant Prof., Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of different chitosan composites on lettuce plant and mobility reduction of cadmium in the soil. For this purpose, a pot factorial experiment was conducted in greenhouse conditions using a completely randomized design.The proposed factors were soil cadmium levels (0, 8, 25 and 75 mg/kg) and types of adsorbent (chitosan, biochar, zeolite, nanomagnetite and composites of chitosan-biochar, chitosan- zeolite,chitosan- magnetite and control). Each adsorbent was applied to the soil at the rate of 0.5% W/W. The results showed that the shoot height, the shoot and root dry weight and the concentrations of phosphorus, potassium, iron and zinc in the shoot of lettuce decreased but the cadmium concentration of leaf increased as the concentration of soil total cadmium increased. The results also showed increasing the amount of adsorbents to the soil decreased the toxic effects of cadmium by adsorpting the part of soluble cadmium. As, by application of 0.5% W/W of chitosan-magnetite composite, the concentration of cadmium in the shoot of lettuce decreased about 24.22 mg/kg as compared to the control treatment. But the shoot height and the shoot dry weight increased by 29.57 and 43.6% respectively, and the concentration of phosphorus, potassium, iron and zinc increased by 72.22, 98.78, 267.77 and 128.10% respectively, as compared to the control treatment. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Soil pollution, Cadmium toxicity, Chitosan composites, Lettuce | ||
مراجع | ||
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