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بررسی قارچ‌های همراه با نماتود سیستی غلات (Heterodera filipjevi) و تأثیر گونه‌های فوزاریوم روی نماتود در شرایط آزمایشگاه | ||
| کنترل بیولوژیک آفات و بیماری های گیاهی | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 8، شماره 2، اردیبهشت 1399، صفحه 1-12 اصل مقاله (799.05 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jbioc.2019.271064.248 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علیرضا احمدی* 1؛ هاجر صالحی کهریز سنگی2؛ ذبیح الله اعظمی ساردویی3؛ مهدی شتاب بوشهری4؛ فرناز فکرت5 | ||
| 1هیات علمی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خوزستان | ||
| 2گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه جیرفت، جیرفت، ایران | ||
| 3عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه جیرفت | ||
| 4عضو هیات علمی بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خوزستان، اهواز ، ایران | ||
| 5عضو هیات علمی گروه گیاهپزشکی | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شناخت و آگاهی از دشمنان طبیعی آفات به مدیریت بهینه آنها کمک می‌کند. نماتودهای سیستی غلات یکی از مهمترین بیماریهای خاکزی غلات در جهان می‌باشند که در 38 درصد مزارع گندم و جو استان خوزستان با جمعیت‌های خسارتزا ردیابی شده‌اند. جهت مطالعه قارچ‌های همراه گونه Heterodera filipjevi جهت کنترل بیولوژیکی آنها، 39 نمونه خاک و ریشه از مزارع گندم استان خوزستان طی سال های 93-1392جمع آوری گردید. سیست‌های موجود در نمونه‌های خاک با استفاده از قیف فنویک جداسازی و پس از ضدعفونی سطحی بر روی محیط‌های PDA ,WA وCMA کشت داده شد. نتایج نشان داد در میان 64 جدایه قارچی به دست آمده از سیست و تخم نماتود، بیشترین فراوانی به جنس Fusarium با میزان 56/51 درصد و کمترین به جنس‌های Spadicoides، Macrophomina و Lecanicillium با میزان 12/3 درصد تعلق داشت. فراوانی جنس‌های قارچی دیگر شامل Alternaria،Paecilimyces ، Penicillium، Chaetomium و Ulocladium به ترتیب 62/15، 81/7، 25/6 و 68/4 درصد بود. گونهatra Spadicoides برای نخستین بار در جهان و گونه‌های قارچی دیگر نیز برای اولین بار در ایران ازگونه H. filipjevi گزارش می‌گردند. تاثیر 10 جدایه فوزاریوم شامل F. dimerum، F.chlamydosporum ,F.equiseti , F. nygamai ,F.solani (3 isolates) F. beomiforme , F.oxysporum (2 isolates) روی سیست‌های نماتود در محیط آب آگار آنتی بیوتیکی نشان داد که هر 10 جدایه قادر به پارازیته‌کردن تخم به میزان 90-12 و پوره‌های موجود در تخم به میزان 54-3 درصد هستند | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| استان خوزستان؛ قارچ؛ کنترل بیولوژیک؛ نماتود سیستی غلات؛ Heterodera filipjevi | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Survey on fungi associated with cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera filipjevi) and effect of Fusarium species on the nematode under in vitro condition | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ali Reza Ahmadi1؛ Hajar Salehi Kahrizsangi2؛ Zabihollah Azami-Sardooei3؛ Mehdi Setab Bushehri4؛ Farnaz Fekrat5 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, Plant protection Department, agricultural research , education and natural resources center of Khuzestan | ||
| 2plant protection department, college of agriculture, Jiroft university, Jiroft, Iran | ||
| 3plant protection department, college of agriculture, Jiroft, Iran | ||
| 4Academic instructor of Plant protection department,Agricultural research center of Khuzestan province, Ahvaz, Iran | ||
| 5Academic Member of University | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Knowing and understanding the natural enemies of pests helps they manage their best. Cereal cyst nematodes are one of the most important cereal diseases in the world, which is detected in 38% of Khuzestan wheat and barley fields with harmful populations. For study and identify of fungi associated with cereal cyst nematode, Hetrodera filipjevi, in Khuzestan province 39 of root and soil samples were taken from wheat fields infested with it during 2013-14. The cysts from soil samples were extracted in the laboratory by Fenwick Can method. The cysts were sterilized and cultured on PDA, CMA and WA media supplemented with antibiotics. The isolated fungi were purified and identified based on macroscopic and microscopic studies. The results showed that among of the 64 isolates were purified from cysts and eggs nematode, the most frequency common isolated fungi were Fusarium spp. with 51.56 percent and the lowest were Macrophomina, Spadicoides and Lecanicillium with 3.12 percent. The frequency of other fungal genera including Paecillomyces, Alternaria, Penicillium, Chaetomium and Ulocladium were 15.62, 7.81, 6.25 and 4.68 percent respectively. Spadicoides atra is reported to be a Matrix nova for H. filipjevi. Also other fungal species listed were reported on H. filipjevi for the first time from Iran. The effect of 10 Fusarium isolates including F.chlamydosporum ,F.equiseti ,F. nygamai ,F.solani (3 isolates) ,F. beomiforme ,F.oxysporum (2 isolates) and F. dimerum on the cyst nematode in antibiotic WA indicated all of the Fusarium isolates parasite eggs and juveniles inside eggs by 12-90 and 3-54 percent respectively | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Biological control, Cereal cyst nematode, Fungus, Heterodera filipjevi, Khuzestan | ||
| مراجع | ||
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