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زیست‌شناسی سرخرطومی بذرخوار خارخسک Microlarinus lareynii (Col., Curculionidae) عامل بیوکنترل علف‌هرز خارخسک در منطقه‌ی ارومیه | ||
| کنترل بیولوژیک آفات و بیماری های گیاهی | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 8، شماره 2، اردیبهشت 1399، صفحه 13-25 اصل مقاله (770.76 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jbioc.2019.272233.252 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| یونس کریمپور* 1؛ محمد محبی نیا2 | ||
| 1گروه گیاهپزشکی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه - ارومیه ایران | ||
| 2گروه گیاهپزشکی - دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه - ارومیه ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| علف هرز خارخسک Tribulus terrestris L. ، علف هرزی یک ساله‌ی تابستانه و با انتشار جهانی است. زیست‌شناسی سرخرطومی بذرخوار خارخسک Microlarinus lareynii ، به عنوان یک عامل مهار زیستی این علف‌هرز، در منطقه‌ی ارومیه مطالعه شد. نتایج نشان داد که این سرخرطومی دارای سه نسل در سال بوده و به صورت حشره‌ی کامل زمستا‌ن-گذرانی می‌کند. حشرات کامل سرخرطومی در اواخر خرداد ماه با استقرار در روی گیاه میزبان، از پوست سطح زیرین ساقه-ها تغذیه کرده و بطور متناوب جفت‌گیری می‌کنند. ماده‌های بارور، تخم‌های خود را به صورت انفرادی در روی میوه‌ی خارخسک قرار داده و روی آن را می‌پوشانند. دوره‌ی رشد و نمو جنینی در شرایط طبیعی، 8/0±4/3 روز طول می‌کشد. لاروها بعد از خروج از تخم، وارد میوه شده و از بافت‌های درونی و بذور در حال تشکیل آن تغذیه می‌کنند. رشد و نمو لاروی در شرایط طبیعی 6/2±8/17 روز طول می‌کشد. لاروهای کامل یک حجره شفیرگی بیضی شکل در میوه درست کرده و درون آن به شفیره تبدیل و بسته به شرایط محیطی بعد از 5/1±2/6 روز، حشرات کامل خارج می‌شوند. مدت زمان لازم برای رشد و نمو این سرخرطومی از مرحله تخم تا ظاهر شدن حشرات کامل آن 1/2±0/29 روز می‌باشد. لاروهای این سرخرطومی توسط سه گونه از زنبورهای پارازیتوئید جنس Bracon Fabricius به نام‌های Bracon intercessor Nees ، B. trucidator Marshal و B. murgabensis Tobias در منطقه‌ی ارومیه پارازیته می‌شوند. ارتباط انگلی دو گونه آخر با سرخرطومی فوق برای اولین بار گزارش می‌شود. همچنین این اولین گزارش از انگلی شدن سرخرطومی فوق در ایران می‌باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| زیست‌شناسی؛ Microlarinus lareynii؛ مهار زیستی؛ Tribulus terrestris | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Notes on the Biology of puncture vine seed weevil, Microlarinus lareynii (Col., Curculionidae) as a biocontrol agent of puncture vine, Tribulus terrestris (Zygophyllaceae) in Urmia region | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Younes Karimpour1؛ Mohammad Mohebbi Nia2 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia- Iran | ||
| 2Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University- Urmia Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Puncture vine, Tribulus terrestris L. (Zygophyllaceae) is a summer annual, aggressive and cosmopolitan weed species. The biology of Microlarinus lareynii, as a seed-eating biocontrol agent of puncture vine, was studied in Urmia region. The results revealed that, the weevil completes three generation per year and overwinters as an adult in plant litters. Adults emerge from the overwintering sites in mid-June. After emerging, they start to feed on the undersides of stems and mate from time to time. Then females chew holes into the burr, and lay eggs singly in the each hole. The eggs were covered by females for protection. The duration of incubation period lasted 3.4±0.8 d. Upon hatching the young larvae bore into the fruit where she feeds on the seeds. The larval and pupal development takes 17.8±2.6 and 6.2±1.5 d, respectively. Therefore, the time from oviposition to adult emergence takes 29.0±2.1d in natural conditions. The larvae of M. lareynii were parasitized by three species of Bracon Fabricius in Urmia region. Including, B. intercessor Nees, B. trucidator Marshal and B. murgabensis Tobias. The association of M. lareynii with B. trucidator and B. murgabensis are new. Furthermore, this is the first parasitoids report for M. lareynii from Iran. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Microlarinus lareynii, Biology, Parasitoids, puncturevine, Urmia | ||
| مراجع | ||
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