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اِیِن مکاِیوِن و انسانگرایی لیبرال: نقدی بر رمان شنبه | ||
پژوهش ادبیات معاصر جهان | ||
دوره 25، شماره 1، شهریور 1399، صفحه 183-208 اصل مقاله (338.07 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jor.2019.267307.1756 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
حسین پیرنجم الدین1؛ مطهره سادات پیمبرپور* 2 | ||
1دانشیار ادبیات انگلیسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران | ||
2کارشناس ارشد ادبیات انگلیسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
این مقاله به بررسی رمان شنبه اثر ایان مکاِیوِن به مثابه نمودگاه تفکر انسانگرایی لیبرال میپردازد. پس از مروری بر انگارههای انسانگرایی (اومانیسم) لیبرال چونان شاکله اصلی تفکر مکایون و تناقضات موجود در آن، نویسندگان به چگونگی بازنمود این دیدگاه و جهانبینی در رمان در پرتو حادثه یازده سپتامبر، تهاجم به عراق، انگارههای نوشرقشناسی (neo-Orientalism) و آن چه در غرب به تروریسم اسلامی (Islamic terrorism) موسوم شده میپردازند. نویسندگان استدلال میکنند که این رمان به مثابه یکی از فرآوردههای فرهنگی «الحاد جدید» - از متاخرترین و افراطیترین نمودهای اومانیسم در غرب - به نوعی تمام وجوه تفکر اومانیستی و لیبرال (دینستیزی، علمگرایی و خردگرایی، تاکید بر محوریت انسان و آزادیها و حقوق او، تاکید بر اهمیت هنر و ادبیات و تاکید بر روابط انسانی) را بازتاب میدهد. با وجود پرسشگری ظاهری شخصیت اصلی رمان، پرسشهای اساسی درباره وضعیت جهان معاصر ناپرسیده میمانند. به رغم مدعای اومانیستی پرهیز از سوگیری و پرداختن منصفانه به تمام جوانب یک مساله، رمان مکایون چونان اثری تبلیغاته جانبدارانه با دامن زدن بر اسلامهراسی توجیهگر جنگی خونبار می شود و در خدمت قدرت قرار میگیرد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
رمان شنبه اثر اِیِن مکاِیوِن؛ انسانگرایی لیبرال؛ یازده سپتامبر؛ نوشرقشناسی؛ تروریسم؛ اسلامهراسی | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Ian McEwan and Liberal Humanism: A Reading of Saturday | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Hossein Pirnajmuddin1؛ Motahareh Sadat Peyambarpour2 | ||
1Associate Professor of English Literature, Faculty of Foreign Languages, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran | ||
2MA of English Literarure, Faculty of Foreign Languages, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
This article tries to examine Ian McEwan’s Saturday in terms of its ideological orientation. The writers argue that Saturday’s essentially pro-war – pro-Establishment – stance can be explained in terms of liberal humanist views which the novel by and large espouses. The novel, the writers contend, in a sense reflects and is inflected by all the main features of liberal humanism: secularism transformed in the New Atheist militant stance against religion, scientism, rationalism, pluralism, emphasis on the centrality of man and his liberties and rights, emphasis on the human relations and glorification of art and literature as humanizing achievements. However, considering the post-9/11 context, the writers seek to shed light on the connection between this liberal humanist tendency and neo-orientalism (with Islamophobia as one of its main features). As such, despite the liberal humanist emphasis on avoidance of prejudice and considering all sides of an issue, the novel fails to ask the essential questions about the condition of the contemporary world – the real causes of terrorism – and in effect by justifying an imperialistic war, rather unabashedly, serves power. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Ian McEwan’s Saturday, Liberal Humanism, Post-9/11, Neo-orientalism, Terrorism, Islamophobia | ||
مراجع | ||
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