سامانه پشتیبانی خدمات اطلاعات

  اخبار و اعلانات

 آمار

تعداد نشریات161
تعداد شماره‌ها6,532
تعداد مقالات70,502
تعداد مشاهده مقاله124,116,570
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله97,221,210
برهانی, کاظم, رفیعیان, مجتبی, مشکینی, ابوالفضل, قائد رحمتی, صفر. (1399). تحلیل نیروهای پیشران تغییرات کاربری اراضی در کلان شهرها (مطالعۀ موردی: کلان شهر تهران). , 52(4), 1177-1195. doi: 10.22059/jhgr.2018.239632.1007523
کاظم برهانی; مجتبی رفیعیان; ابوالفضل مشکینی; صفر قائد رحمتی. "تحلیل نیروهای پیشران تغییرات کاربری اراضی در کلان شهرها (مطالعۀ موردی: کلان شهر تهران)". , 52, 4, 1399, 1177-1195. doi: 10.22059/jhgr.2018.239632.1007523
برهانی, کاظم, رفیعیان, مجتبی, مشکینی, ابوالفضل, قائد رحمتی, صفر. (1399). 'تحلیل نیروهای پیشران تغییرات کاربری اراضی در کلان شهرها (مطالعۀ موردی: کلان شهر تهران)', , 52(4), pp. 1177-1195. doi: 10.22059/jhgr.2018.239632.1007523
برهانی, کاظم, رفیعیان, مجتبی, مشکینی, ابوالفضل, قائد رحمتی, صفر. تحلیل نیروهای پیشران تغییرات کاربری اراضی در کلان شهرها (مطالعۀ موردی: کلان شهر تهران). , 1399; 52(4): 1177-1195. doi: 10.22059/jhgr.2018.239632.1007523

تحلیل نیروهای پیشران تغییرات کاربری اراضی در کلان شهرها (مطالعۀ موردی: کلان شهر تهران)

پژوهشهای جغرافیای انسانی
مقاله 2، دوره 52، شماره 4، دی 1399، صفحه 1177-1195    اصل مقاله (1.11 M)
نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jhgr.2018.239632.1007523
نویسندگان
کاظم برهانی1؛ مجتبی رفیعیان* 2؛ ابوالفضل مشکینی3؛ صفر قائد رحمتی3
1دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ‏ریزی شهری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
2دانشیار گروه شهرسازی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
3دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ‏ریزی شهری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
چکیده
تغییر کاربری ‏زمین یکی از مهم‏ترین چالش‏های برنامه‏ریزی‏ کاربری‏زمین بوده و تأثیر مستقیمی بر بسیاری از مسائل در جوامع کلان‏شهری دارد. در اثر تغییرات کاربری زمین در شهرها الگوهای کاربری زمین گوناگونی شکل می‏گیرد که این الگوها نیروهای پیشران گوناگونی در مناطق مختلف دارد.با شناسایی و سنجش سطح تأثیرگذاری و تأثیرپذیری این نیروها می‏توان با برنامه‏ریزی صحیح در زمینة تغییرات کاربری زمین بر مبنای توسعة پایدار کاربری زمین از مسائل شهری که منتج از بی‏برنامه‏بودن در این زمینه است جلوگیری کرد.هدف از مقالة حاضر شناسایی و تحلیل اثرگذاری و اثرپذیری نیروهای پیشران تغییرات ‏کاربری‏زمین‏شهری بر یکدیگر و تحلیل مکانیزم روابط این نیروها در کلان‏شهر تهران است. روش تحقیق حاضر توصیفی- تحلیلی است و روش جمع‏آوری داده‏ها اسنادی و پیمایشی از طریق پرسش‏نامة نخبگی است. جامعة آماری این پژوهش کارشناسان مسائل شهری شامل استادان دانشگاه و کارشناسان امور شهرسازی و شهرداری در شهر تهران‏اند. به‏منظور تحلیل داده‏‏ها از روش تحلیل ساختاری با بهره‏گیری از نرم‏افزار میک‏مک استفاده شده‏است. نتایج این پژوهش حاکی از آن است که از لحاظ تأثیرگذاری به‏ترتیب عوامل نهادی، سیاست‏ها، و قوانین و امکانات زیرساختی مهم‏ترین نیروهای پیشران تغییرات کاربری‏زمین در کلان‏شهر تهران‏اند. از میان 49 عامل که در تحلیل وارد شده، به‏ترتیب، این عوامل شامل اهداف مدیریت شهری، طرح‏جامع، دسترسی به شبکة ‏معابر، رشد جمعیت، قیمت زمین، وضعیت توسعة اقتصادی، حقوق کاربری‏اراضی و قوانین اجاره دارای بیشترین تأثیر بر دیگر عوامل تأثیرگذار در تغییرات کاربری زمین شهری‏اند که به‏عنوان عوامل پیشران و کلیدی در تغییرات کاربری زمین شهری تهران شناخته می‏شوند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
تحلیل ساختاری؛ تغییرات کاربری زمین؛ کلان‏شهر تهران؛ نیروهای پیشران
عنوان مقاله [English]
Analysis of driving forces for land use change in metropolises (Case Study: Metropolis of Tehran)
نویسندگان [English]
Kazem Borhani1؛ Mojtaba Rafieian2؛ Abolfazl Meshkini3؛ safar ghaed rahmati3
2Tarbiat Modares
3Tarbiat modares
چکیده [English]
Extended Abstract
Introduction
Changing the use of land is one of the most important challenges in land use planning and has a direct impact on many issues in metropolitan communities. Due to land use changes in cities, patterns of land use patterns vary, and these patterns have different forward forces in different regions. By identifying and measuring the level of influence and the impact of these forces, it is possible to prevent urban problems resulting from the unplanned use of the plan by correctly planning land use changes based on sustainable land use development. Considering the role of forces in urban land use changes and changing the way these forces are influenced by the differences in spatial-temporal conditions, political systems and socioeconomic conditions, and the impact of these forces on each other, this research seeks identification of forces Investigating changes in urban land use and investigating the impact and impacts of propulsion forces on each other in the process of land use change in metropolitan areas of Iran (case study: Tehran metropolis). By identifying and measuring the level of influence and the impact of these forces, it is possible to prevent urban problems resulting from the unplanned use of the plan by correctly planning land use changes based on sustainable land use development. Land use change can also be the result of the growth and development guiding and the lack of guidance for growth and development. The desirability of urban land use improves the efficiency and effectiveness of space-based space and is one of the ways to conserve sustainable resources and prevent the loss of these resources in the city. This process also helps to reduce environmental and airborne contamination, air, noise, water and soil pollution and, by decreasing traffic pressure, helps to reduce social disturbances and it is introduced as an effective factor in human health. . In order to achieve the objectives of this research, firstly, the identification of the forces of land use land use change has been addressed. Also, in order to determine the effect of these forces on each other and to analyze the mechanism of relations between these forces, based on the knowledge of experts, the structural analysis method has been.
Methodology
The research method is descriptive-analytical and in terms of its purpose. The data gathering method is descriptive survey and statistical population of urban experts in Tehran. In order to analyze the collected data, structural analysis method has been used. The method of structural analysis is a method used to analyze the relationships between variables, especially in large-scale systems with multiple dimensions. MICMAC software is one of the best software tools designed and developed to implement structural analysis.
Results and discussion
The purpose of using structural analysis in this research is to determine the forces driving the urban land use changes in Tehran metropolitan area and to identify the type of relationship between them and the total system relations of these factors. Identifying the drivers of urban land-use change, as well as determining their relationships, helps us to provide a strategic planning model for urban land use change. With the help of structural analysis results, it is possible to determine the hypotheses to be tested and, if necessary, change. In cross-matrix analyzes, the software has been developed in six steps including system perception and observation of system stability or instability, identifying indirect effects of variables, identifying key factors and drivers, general understanding of the system, and avoiding partial analysis. Identifying the system's unstable factors, identifying the environment to the interfacing of the impact measure.
In the first stage of implementation of the model, in the present study, 49 factors causing urban land use changes in the Tehran metropolis entered the software and were considered for each short indication.Then, based on the data extracted from the questionnaire (a total of 41 experts), the effect of each factor on the other development factors was measured. In order to determine the final number of experts opinion from the statistical survey and use 49 extracted factors as the primary identifiers And analyzed with the help of the MICAMMOCK software. The dimensions of the 49 * 49 matrix are ranked in eight, and according to the results of the analysis, the degree of matrix filling is 63.14%, which indicates that the factors selected on more than 63.14% had an effect on each other. A total of two types of analyzes and graphs and analytical graphs, including one direct effect and the other indirect effects, are shown in the software. The direct effect analysis is in fact the result of the interaction of the initial matrix data, and the indirect effects analysis is the result of calculating higher powers and repeating the initial matrix, which is selected based on the initial proposal of the software of four replications.
Conclusion
This paper has been designed with the aim of identifying the forces that drive urban land use changes in Tehran metropolis based on structural analysis method. For this purpose, 49 agents were identified in eight environmental groups, policies and laws, socio-demographic, economic, cultural, spatial / physical, institutional, and infrastructure facilities - through a review of past and external studies. Factors in the software have been introduced and using experts from urban issues, the effectiveness of the factors has been determined by analyzing the effects of the cross-sectional matrix. Based on the results, among the factors that have the most impact and influence, the factors of urban management goals, comprehensive plan, access to the network of roads, population growth, land prices, economic development situation in the region, price Rents, features of parts, have zoning regulations that are known as key factors in land use land use change. Among the 49 factors involved in the analysis, these factors include urban management objectives, comprehensive Plan, access to the street network, population growth, land prices, economic development status, land use rights, rental rules zoning regulations has the most impact on urban land use changes. These are known as key driving forces in the changes in Tehran's urban land use.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Driving forces, Land use change, Structural analysis, Tehran, metropolis
مراجع
  1. بهشتی، محمدباقر و زالی، نادر، 1390، شناسایی عوامل کلیدی توسعة منطقه‏ای با رویکرد برنامه‏ریزی بر پایة سناریو (مطالعة موردی استان آذربایجان شرقی)، برنامه‏ریزی و آمایش فضا (مدرس علوم انسانی)، دورة 15، ش 1 (پیاپی 69).
  2. تقیلو، علی‏اکبر؛ سلطانی، ناصر و آفتاب، احمد، 1395، پیشران‏های توسعة روستاهای ایران، فصل‏نامة علمی‏- پژوهشی برنامه‏ریزی و آمایش فضا، دورة 20، ش 4، صص 1-28.
  3. داداش‏پور، هاشم؛ خیرالدین، رضا؛ یعقوب‏خانی، مرتضی و چمنی، بهنام، 1393، مدل‏سازی تغییرات کاربری زمین در کلان‏شهر تهران با استفاده از مدل MOLAND، فصل‏نامة برنامه‏ریزی منطقه‏ای، س ۴، ش ۱۶.
  4. ربانی، طاها، 1391، روش تحلیل ساختاری، ابزاری برای شناخت و تحلیل متغیرهای مؤثر بر آیندة موضوعات شهری، مجموعه مقالات نخستین همایش ملی آینده‏پژوهی، تهران، 26 بهمن 1391.
  5. رضایی، محمدرضا و رحیمی، اسماعیل، 1392، بررسی علل تغییر کاربری اراضی در طرح‏های تفصیلی شهری و تأثیر آن بر خدمات شهری مطالعة موردی شهر مرودشت، پژوهش و برنامه‏ریزی شهری، دورة 4، ش 13، صص77-96.
  6. رضایی، ناصر، 1391، کاربری زمین عدالت فضایی الگوها و روش‏ها، تهران: عصر کنکاش.
  7. رهنما، محمدرحیم و روستا، مجتبی، 1392، تحلیل تغییر کاربری و چگونگی حفظ و نگه‏داری فضای سبز (باغ‏ها) شهر جهرم در راستای توسعة پایدار، فصل‏نامة تحقیقاتجغرافیایی، س 28، ش ۲،  شمارة پیاپی 10.
  8. ملک‏زاده، ندا؛ بزاززاده، مهدی و رفیعیان، مجتبی، 1395، شناسایی و تحلیل عوامل کلیدی مؤثر بر توسعۀ شهری با رویکرد آینده‏نگاری (مطالعة موردی: کلان‏شهر کرج)، مجلة جغرافیا و توسعة فضای شهری، س ۳، ش 2، شمارة پیاپی 5.
  9. مهرابی، علی‏اکبر؛ محمدی، محمد؛ محسنی ساروی، محسن؛ جعفری، محمد و قربانی، مهدی، 1392، بررسی نیروهای محرک انسانی مؤثر بر تغییرات کاربری سرزمین (مطالعة موردی: روستاهای سیدمحله و دراسرا- تنکابن)، نشریة مرتع و آبخیزداری، مجلة منابع طبیعی ایران، دورة 66، ش 2.

10. Bielinga, , Claudia, Tobias Plieningerb, cC., Harald Schaich, H (2013), Patterns and causes of land change: Empirical results and conceptual considerations derived from a case study in the Swabian Alb, Germany, Land Use Policy, Vol. 35,  (2013)PP. 192– -203.

11. Bürgi, M., .; Hersperger, A.M., . and Schneeberger, N., (2004),. Driving forces of landscape change current and new directions. Landscape Ecology , Vol. 19, PP. 857–-868.

12. Caldas, M., .; Simmons, C., .; Walker, R., .; Perz, S., .; Aldrich, S., .; Pereira, R., .; Leite, F. and Arima, E., (2010). , Settlement Formation and Land Cover and Land Use Change: A Case Study in the Brazilian Amazon. Journal of American Latin Geography, Vol. 9, No. (1), PP. 125-144.

13. Gavrilidis, A,thanasios Alexandru , Mihai Rzvan, Diana Andreea Onose, D, Denisa Lavinia, D, (2017), Methodological framework for urban sprawl control through sustainable planning of urban green infrastructure, ., Ecological Indicators (2017), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.10.054.

14. Geist, H. J., & and Lambin, E. F., (2002). , Proximate Causes and Underlying Driving Forces of Tropical Deforestation. American Institute of Biological Sciences.

15. Godet, Michel., (2006), StategicTRATEGIC ForesightORESIGHT, LA La ProspectiveROSPECTIVE, ProblemsROBLEMS AND and MethodsETHODS, www.laprospective.fr.

16. Hall, P. and Pfeiffer, U., (2000). , Urban Feature Global Agenda For Twenty-first Century Cities. London, Earthscan.

17. Hersperger, A.M., . and Bürgi, M., 2007,. Driving forces of landscape change in the urbanizing Limmat Valley Switzerland. In: Koomen, E., Bakeman, A., Stillwell, J., Scholten, H. (Eds.), Modelling land-use change. Springer, Dordrecht, PPpp. 45–-60.

18. Hersperger, Anna A. M. and ∗, Matthias Bürgi, M., (2009), Going beyond landscape change description: Quantifying the importance of driving forces of landscape change in a Central Europe case study, Land Use Policy, Vol. 26, PP. (2009) 640–-648. ،

19. Ju, Hongrun, ; Zengxiang Zhang, ; Lijun Zuo, ; Jinfeng Wang, ; Shengrui Zhang, ; Xiao Wang & and Xiaoli Zhao, )2016(, Driving forces and their interactions of built-up land expansion based on the geographical detector – a case study of Beijing, China, Journal International Journal of Geographical Information Science, Volume Vol. 30, N2016 - Issueo. 11.

20. Kaiser, Edward J., David R. Godschalk, D and F. Stuart Chapin, FJr., (1995). , Urban Land Use Planning. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.

21. Liu Jiyuan, ; Zhang Zengxiang, ; Xu Xinliang, ; Kuang Wenhui1, ; Zhou Wancun, ; Zhang Shuwen, Z,; Li Rendong, ; Yan Changzhen6, ; Yu Dongsheng, ; Wu Shixin,  and Jiang Nan, (2010), Spatial patterns and driving forces of land use change in China during the early 21st century , J. Geogr. Sci., Vol. 2010, 20, No. (4), PP. : 483-494.

22. Liu, Yaolin, ; Ti Luo, ; Zhongqiu, Liu, ; Xuesong Kong, ; Jiwei, Li,  and Ronghui, Tan, (2015,)، A comparative analysis of urban and rural construction land use change and driving forces: Implications for urbanerural coordination development in Wuhan, Central China, Habitat International, Vol. 47, (2015) PP. 113e125113-125.

23. Long, H., .; Tang, G., .; Li, X. and Heilig, G.K., (2007). , Socio-Economic Driving Forces of Land-Use Change in Kunshan, the Yangtze River Delta Economic Area of China. Journal of Environmental Management, Vol. 83, PP. 351-364.

24. Longley, P. A.& . and Mesev, V., (2000, ): “On the measurement and generalization of urban form Environment and Planning”, A , 32.

25. Lopez, E., .; Boco, G., .; Menduza, M., .; Valezquez, A. and Aguirre Rivera, J.R., (2006). , Peasant Emigration and Land-Use Change at the Watershed Level: A GIS-Based Approach in Research Agricultural Systems, Vol. 48, PP. 62-78.

26. Mertnes, B. and Lambin, E. F., (2000). , Land-Cover Change Trajectories Southern Cameroon. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, Vol. 90, No. (3), PP. 467-494.

27. Parcerisas, Lluıs, ; Joan Marull, J, ; Joan Pino, ; Enric Tello, ; Francesc Coll, F,  and Corina Basnou, C, (2012,) Land use changes, landscape ecology and their socioeconomic driving forces in the Spanish Mediterranean coast (El Maresme County, 1850–2005), eEnvironmental science & policy, Vol. 23 (2012 ), PP. 120 – -132.

28. PiaIA Gennaio, MARIAM.,  (2008)., University of Zurich, for the degree of Doctor of Sciences, A dissertation submitted to ETH ZURICH, .

29. Schaich, H., .; Bieling, C., . and Plieninger, T., 2010. , Linking ecosystem services with cultural landscape research. GAIA, Vol. 19, PP. 269–-277.

30. Seto, L. C., .; Woodcock, C. E., .; Song, C., .; Huang, X., .; Lu, J.& . and Kaufmann, R. K., (2002): , Monitoring land use change in the Pearl river delta using Landsat TM.

31. Shao, Jing-an; , Huanh Xue-qin, ; Qu Ming, ; Wei Chao-fu , and Xie De-ti, (2005), Land use change and its socio-economic driving forces under stress of project in old Reser Voir Area - Case Study of Linshui Reservoir Area of Dahonghe Reservoir in Sichuan Province, ChineseHINESE GeographicalEOGRAPHICAL ScieneCIENCE,  ,Volume. 15, Number No. 4, PPpp. 315-324, 2005.

32. Skole, L. Daivd., (2002): , Tracking Change for land use planning and policy making.

33. Thapa, Rajesh R. Bahadur.,  and Yuji Murayama, Y., (2010), Drivers of urban growth in the Kathmandu valley, Nepal: Examining the efficacy of the analytic hierarchy process, Applied Geography, Vol. 30 (2010), PP. 70–-83.

34. Wagrowski, D. M., and R. A. Hites, R. A., (1997), Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon accumulation in urban, suburban and rurual vegetation, Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 31, No. 1.

35. Wang, Jing; , Ting He,  and Yifan Lin, Y, (2018), Changes in ecological, agricultural, and urban land space in 1984–2012 in China: Land policies and regional social-economical drivers, Habitat International, Vol. 71 (2018), PP. 1–-13.

36. Wu, Kai-ya,  and Hao Zhang, Hao, (2012), Land use dynamics, built-up land expansion patterns, and driving forces analysis of the fast-growing Hangzhou metropolitan area, eastern China (1978 2008), Applied Geography, Vol.34 (2012), PP. 137-145.

37. R. Bahadur. R,  and Yuji Murayama, Y., (2010), Drivers of urban growth in the Kathmandu valley, Nepal: Examining the efficacy of the analytic hierarchy process, Applied Geography, Vol. 30 (2010), PP. 70–-83.

38. Beheshti, M and Zali, N,( 2011), Identifying the key factors of regional development with a scenario-based planning approach (Case study of East Azerbaijan province), Spatial planning and planning (Teacher of Humanities), Volume 15, Issue 1 (Consecutive 69).

39. Bello. K and Arowosegbe O.S, (2014). »Factors Affecting Land-Use Change on Property Values in Nigeria« Journal of Research in Economics and International Finance (JREIF) (ISSN: 2315-5671) Vol. 3(4) pp. 79 - 82, November

40. Bielinga, , Claudia, Tobias Plieningerb, cC., Harald Schaich, H (2013), Patterns and causes of land change: Empirical results and conceptual considerations derived from a case study in the Swabian Alb, Germany, Land Use Policy, Vol. 35,  (2013)PP. 192– -203.

41. Braimoh, A. & Onishi, T, (2007). »Spatial determinants of urban land use change in Lagos, Nigeria«. Land Use Policy, 24(2), 502-515. 

42. Bürgi, M., .; Hersperger, A.M., . and Schneeberger, N., (2004),. Driving forces of landscape change current and new directions. Landscape Ecology , Vol. 19, PP. 857–-868.

43. Caldas, M., .; Simmons, C., .; Walker, R., .; Perz, S., .; Aldrich, S., .; Pereira, R., .; Leite, F. and Arima, E., (2010). , Settlement Formation and Land Cover and Land Use Change: A Case Study in the Brazilian Amazon. Journal of American Latin Geography, Vol. 9, No. (1), PP. 125-144.

44. Dadashpour, H, Khairuddin, R, Yaghoub Khani, M, Chamani, B. (2014). Modeling land use change in Tehran metropolis using MOLAND model. Journal of Regional Planning , 4 (No. 16), 49-6

45. Ettema, D, (1996). »Activity-based travel demand modeling, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven«, Faculteit Bouwkunde, Vakgroep Architectuur,Urbanistiek en Beheer .

46. Gavrilidis, A,thanasios Alexandru , Mihai Rzvan, Diana Andreea Onose, D, Denisa Lavinia, D, (2017), Methodological framework for urban sprawl control through sustainable planning of urban green infrastructure, ., Ecological Indicators (2017), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.10.054.

47. Geist, H. J., & and Lambin, E. F., (2002). , Proximate Causes and Underlying Driving Forces of Tropical Deforestation. American Institute of Biological Sciences.

48. PiaIA Gennaio, MARIAM.,  (2008)., University of Zurich, for the degree of Doctor of Sciences, A dissertation submitted to ETH ZURICH, .

49. Godet, Michel., ( 2006), StategicTRATEGIC ForesightORESIGHT, LA La ProspectiveROSPECTIVE, ProblemsROBLEMS AND and MethodsETHODS, www.laprospective.fr.

50. Hall, P. and Pfeiffer, U., (2000). , Urban Feature Global Agenda For Twenty-first Century Cities. London, Earthscan.

51. Hersperger, Anna A. M. and ∗, Matthias Bürgi, M., (2009), Going beyond landscape change description: Quantifying the importance of driving forces of landscape change in a Central Europe case study, Land Use Policy, Vol. 26, PP. (2009) 640–-648. ،

52. Hersperger, A.M., . and Bürgi, M., 2007,. Driving forces of landscape change in the urbanizing Limmat Valley Switzerland. In: Koomen, E., Bakeman, A., Stillwell, J., Scholten, H. (Eds.), Modelling land-use change. Springer, Dordrecht, PPpp. 45–-60.

53. Ju, Hongrun, ; Zengxiang Zhang, ; Lijun Zuo, ; Jinfeng Wang, ; Shengrui Zhang, ; Xiao Wang & and Xiaoli Zhao, )2016(, Driving forces and their interactions of built-up land expansion based on the geographical detector – a case study of Beijing, China, Journal International Journal of Geographical Information Science, Volume Vol. 30, N2016 - Issueo. 11.

54. Kaiser, Edward J., David R. Godschalk, D and F. Stuart Chapin,F, FJr., (1995). , Urban Land Use Planning. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.

55. Liu Jiyuan, ; Zhang Zengxiang, ; Xu Xinliang, ; Kuang, Wenhui1, ; Zhou Wancun, ; Zhang Shuwen, Z, ; Li Rendong, ; Yan Changzhen, ; Yu. Dongsheng, ; Wu, Shixin,  and Jiang Nan, (2010), Spatial patterns and driving forces of land use change in China during the early 21st century , J. Geogr. Sci., Vol. 2010, 20, No. (4), PP. : 483-494.

56. Liu, Yaolin, ; Ti Luo,T ; Zhongqiu, Liu, ; Xuesong Kong, ; Jiwei, Li,  and Ronghui, Tan, (2015,)، A comparative analysis of urban and rural construction land use change and driving forces: Implications for urbanerural coordination development in Wuhan, Central China, Habitat International, Vol. 47, (2015) PP. 113e125113-125.

57. Long, H., .; Tang, G., .; Li, X. and Heilig, G.K., (2007). , Socio-Economic Driving Forces of Land-Use Change in Kunshan, the Yangtze River Delta Economic Area of China. Journal of Environmental Management, Vol. 83, PP. 351-364.

58. Longley, P. A.& . and Mesev, V., (2000, ): “On the measurement and generalization of urban form Environment and Planning”, A , 32.

59. Lopez, E., .; Boco, G., .; Menduza, M., .; Valezquez, A. and Aguirre Rivera, J.R., (2006). , Peasant Emigration and Land-Use Change at the Watershed Level: A GIS-Based Approach in Research Agricultural Systems, Vol. 48, PP. 62-78.

60. Malekzadeh, N; Bazazzadeh, M and Rafieian, M, (2016), Identification and Analysis of Key Factors Affecting Urban Development with Futuristic Approach (Case Study: Karaj Metropolis), Journal of Geography and Urban Space Development, Volume 3, Issue 2, Issue 5.

61. Mehrabi, A; Mohammadi, M; Mohseni Saravi, M; Jafari, M and Ghorbani, M, (2013), Study of human motivating forces affecting land use change (Case study: Seyed Mahalleh and Darasra-Tonekabon villages), Journal of Rangeland and Watershed Management, Iranian Journal of Natural Resources, Volume 66, Issue 2.

62. Mertnes, B. and Lambin, E. F., (2000). , Land-Cover Change Trajectories Southern Cameroon. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, Vol. 90, No. (3), PP. 467-494.

63. Parcerisas, Lluıs, ; Joan Marull, J, ; Joan Pino, J ; Enric Tello, E ; Francesc Coll, F,  and Corina Basnou, C, (2012,) Land use changes, landscape ecology and their socioeconomic driving forces in the Spanish Mediterranean coast (El Maresme County, 1850–2005), eEnvironmental science & policy, Vol. 23 (2012 ), PP. 120 – -132.

64. Rabbani, T,( 2012), Structural analysis method, a tool for recognizing and analyzing variables affecting the future of urban issues, the first national conference on futures studies, Tehran , https://civilica.com/doc/242374

65. Rahnama, M and Rousta, M, (2013), Analysis of Land Use Change and How to Preserve Green Space (Gardens),  Jahrom for Sustainable Development, Geographical Research Quarterly, Vol. 28, No. 2, No. 10.

66. Rezaei, M and Rahimi, I, (2013), Investigating the causes of land use change in detailed urban plans and its effect on urban services Case study of Marvdasht, Urban Research and Planning, Volume 4, Issue 13, pp. 77-96..

67. Rezaei, N, (2012), Land Use, Spatial Justice, Patterns and Methods, Tehran: Asr Kankash.

68. Schaich, H., .; Bieling, C., . and Plieninger, T., 2010. , Linking ecosystem services with cultural landscape research. GAIA, Vol. 19, PP. 269–-277.

69. Seto, L. C., .; Woodcock, C. E., .; Song, C., .; Huang, X., .; Lu, J.& . and Kaufmann, R. K., (2002): , Monitoring land use change in the Pearl river delta using Landsat TM.

70. Shao, Jing-an; , Huanh Xue-qin, H ; Qu Ming, Q ; Wei Chao-fu , W and Xie De-ti, X, (2005), Land use change and its socio-economic driving forces under stress of project in old Reser Voir Area - Case Study of Linshui Reservoir Area of Dahonghe Reservoir in Sichuan Province, ChineseHINESE GeographicalEOGRAPHICAL ScieneCIENCE,  ,Volume. 15, Number No. 4, PPpp. 315-324, 2005.

71. Skole, L. Daivd., (2002): , Tracking Change for land use planning and policy making.

72. Taghilo A A, Soltani N, Aftab A. Propellants of rural development in Iran. MJSP. 2016; 20 (4) :1-28
URL: http://hsmsp.modares.ac.ir/article-21-5316-fa.html

73. Thapa, Rajesh

74. Wagrowski, D. M., and R. A. Hites, R. A., (1997), Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon accumulation in urban, suburban and rurual vegetation, Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 31, No. 1.

75. Wang, Jing; , Ting, He,  and Yifan Lin, Y, (2018), Changes in ecological, agricultural, and urban land space in 1984–2012 in China: Land policies and regional social-economical drivers, Habitat International, Vol. 71 (2018), PP. 1–-13.

76. Wu, Kai-ya,  and Hao Zhang, Hao, (2012), Land use dynamics, built-up land expansion patterns, and driving forces analysis of the fast-growing Hangzhou metropolitan area, eastern China (1978 2008), Applied Geography, Vol.34 (2012), PP. 137-145.

آمار
تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,264
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 986


سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی. قدرت گرفته از سیناوب