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مدل‌سازی و بهینه‌سازی عملکرد خشککن خلائی- مادونقرمز در فرآیند تولید قرص فشرده گوجهفرنگی: خواص شیمیایی | ||
| مهندسی بیوسیستم ایران | ||
| دوره 51، شماره 3، آذر 1399، صفحه 571-584 اصل مقاله (1.13 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijbse.2020.292861.665245 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| منوچهر رشیدی1؛ رضا امیری چایجان* 2؛ احمد ارشادی3؛ علی قاسمی1 | ||
| 1گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان | ||
| 2گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران | ||
| 3گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در این پژوهش شرایط بهینه خشککردن قرص فشرده گوجهفرنگی تحت شرایط خلائی مادونقرمز به منظور تولید قرص با خواص کیفی و شیمیایی مناسب تعیین شد. محتوای لیکوپن، فنل کل، غلظت ویتامین ث و فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی به عنوان خواص شیمیایی و شاخصهای رنگی ∆L*، ∆a*و b*∆ به عنوان خواص کیفی مطالعه شدند. فرآیند خشککردن نمونه‌ها در پنج سطح دمایی 40، 50، 60، 70 و °C 80 و پنج سطح فشار خلأ 20، 30، 40، 50 و kPa 60 صورت گرفت. تجزیه و تحلیل آماری داده‌ها و بهینه‌سـازی فرآیند خشککردن با استفاده از روش سطح پاسخ انجام شدند. نتایج نشان داد که در خشککردن به شیوه خلائی- مادونقرمز، با افزایش دمای هوای محفظه خشککن، غلظت ویتامین ث و محتوای فنل کل قرص گوجهفرنگی، کاهش و محتوای لیکوپن و فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی قرص گوجهفرنگی افزایش یافت. همچنین، افزایش دما سبب افزایش اختلاف بیشتر بین شاخصهای رنگ L* و a* و کاهش اختلاف بین شاخص رنگ b* قرص نسبت به گوجهفرنگی تازه شد. نقطه بهینه فرآیند خشککردن قرص گوجهفرنگی در دمای °C 56 و فشار خلاء kPa 30 به دست آمد. میزان کاهش غلظت ویتامین ث، محتوای لیکوپن و محتوای فنل کل قرص گوجهفرنگی خشکشده در حالت بهینه به ترتیب 3/54 ، 6/2 و 62/29 درصد بود. خشککردن تحت دمای پایین‌تر سبب افزایش شاخص مطلوبیت مدل بدست آمده از روش سطح پاسخ گردید. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| قرص‌سازی؛ خشککن خلائی؛ ویتامین ث؛ لیکوپن | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Modeling and Optimization of Vacuum-infrared Dryer Performance in Production Process of Tomato Compressed Tablet: Chemical Properties | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Manouchehr Rashidi1؛ Reza Amiri Chaijan2؛ Ahmad Ershadi3؛ Ali Ghasemi1 | ||
| 1Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In this study, optimum drying conditions of compressed tablet tomato under vacuum-infrared conditions were determined to produce tablet with appropriate chemical and qualitative properties. The content of lycopene, total phenol, vitamin C concentration, antioxidant activity as chemical properties and color indices ΔL*, Δa* and Δb* were studied as qualitative properties. Drying process of samples was performed at five levels of air temperature of the compartment 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 °C and five vacuum pressures 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 kPa. Statistical analysis of data and optimization of drying process were performed using response surface methodology. The results showed that in vacuum-infrared drying, as the temperature of the dryer chamber increased, the concentration of vitamin C and total phenol content of tomato tablet decreased and lycopene content and antioxidant activity of tomato tablet increased. Also, increasing temperature increased the difference between the color indices L* and a* and reduced the difference between the color index b* compared to fresh tomatoes. The optimum point the drying process of tomato tablet was obtained at 56 °C and vacuum pressure of 30 kPa. The reduction rates of vitamin C concentration, lycopene content, and total phenol content of dried tomato tablets in optimal condition were 54.3, 2.6 and 29.62 percent, respectively. Drying at lower temperature increased the model's desirability index obtained by response surface methodology. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Tableting, Vacuum dryer, vitamin C, lycopene | ||
| مراجع | ||
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