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نقش خدمت اکوسیستمی تولید آب در تأمین منابع آب حسابداری WA+ (مطالعۀ موردی: حوضۀ آبخیز دریاچۀ ارومیه) | ||
| اکوهیدرولوژی | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 8، شماره 1، فروردین 1400، صفحه 45-56 اصل مقاله (1.13 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ije.2020.310365.1386 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فاطمه نیکوی1؛ شراره پورابراهیم* 2؛ بهمن جباریان امیری2؛ داود رضا عرب3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی آمایش محیط زیست، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج | ||
| 3دانش‌آموختۀ دکتری مهندسی آب، مؤسسۀ پژوهشی‌ـ مهندسی راهبرد دانش پویا، تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| یکی از خدمات مهم اکوسیستمها، خدمت تولید آب است. خدمت تولید آب به طور مستقیم بر توسعۀ پایدار سیستمهای اقتصادی-اجتماعی تأثیر میگذارد. هدف از انجام مطالعۀ حاضر، بررسی نقش خدمت اکوسیستمی تولید آب در حوضۀ دریاچۀ ارومیه در برآورد چارچوب حسابداری آب پلاس (WA+) است. در گام نخست، کاربرگ منابع آب از چارچوب WA+ برای منطقۀ مطالعاتی با استفاده از دادههای هیدرولوژی و تصاویر ماهوارهای در سال 2015 محاسبه شد. در گام بعدی، به منظور کمیسازی خدمت تولید آب در همان سال از مدل Water Yield در نرم‌افزار InVEST استفاده شد. دادههای ورودی این مدل شامل کاربری/پوشش سرزمین، بارش، تبخیر و تعرق، عمق محدودکنندۀ خاک برای ریشۀ گیاه، میزان آب در دسترس گیاه، لایۀ زیرحوضهها و جدول اطلاعات بیوفیزیکی میشود. سپس، اجرای مدل در نرم‌افزار InVEST نسخۀ 3.5.0 میزان تولید آب در سطح حوضه و زیرحوضه به دست آمد. نتایج WA+ و InVEST نشان دادند میزان کل ورودی آب در حوضۀ دریاچۀ ارومیه در حسابداری WA+ در سال 2015 برابر با 4/16 میلیارد متر مکعب است که از این میزان 7 میلیارد متر مکعب آن سهم خدمت اکوسیستمی تولید آب در این حوضه بوده است. بنابراین، اکوسیستم با تولید بیش از 40 درصد از حجم ورودیهای آب در حوضه کارکرد زیادی در تأمین منابع آب آن دارد. از این‌رو، دانستن کمی سهم اکوسیستمها در یک حوضه میتواند به برنامهریزی بهتر در زمینۀ مدیریت منابع آبی و نیز حفظ ارزشهای اکوسیستم بینجامد. از نتایج مدل Water Yield و کاربرگ منابع آب WA+ میتوان در مدیریت جامع منابع آبی و برنامهریزی برای تخصیص عادلانۀ آب بهره برد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| چارچوب حسابداریWA+؛ خدمات آبخیز؛ فراهم‌آوری آب؛ نرم‌افزار InVest | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigating the Role of Water Yield Ecosystem Service in WA + Resource Base Sheet (Case of Urmia Lake Basin) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Fatemeh Nikooy1؛ Sharareh Pourebrahim2؛ Bahman Jabbarian Amiri2؛ Davod Reza Arab3 | ||
| 1PhD Candidate in Environmental Planning, Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran | ||
| 3PhD in Water Engineering, Research Institute of Dynamic Knowledge Strategy, Tehran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Water yield is one of the most important hydrological ecosystem services. It directly affects the sustainable development of socio-economic systems. This study aims to quantify the ecosystem water yield and compare it with the water resource base sheet in water accounting Plus (WA +) in the Lake Urmia basin. First, the resources base sheet from WA + framework was estimated for the study area using hydrological data and remote sensing data in 2015. In the next step, in order to quantify the water yield in the same year, the water yield model was used in InVest software. Water yield input data include land use/cover, precipitation, average annual reference evapotranspiration, root restricting layer depth, plant available water content, sub-basin and basin layers and biophysical data. The amount of water yield (m3) in the basin and sub-basin was obtained through running the water yield model in InVest 3.5.0. The results showed that the amount of water inflows in the Urmia Lake basin in WA + in 2015 is equal to 16 Km3, of which 7 Km3 was the share of ecosystem service of water yield in this basin. Therefore, the land use/cover plays an important role in supplying water resources by producing more than 43% of the volume of water inflows in the basin. In conclusion, quantifying the ecosystems water yield can lead to better planning in water resources management as well as preserving ecosystem values. The results of the water yield model and the WA + resources base sheet can be used in integrated water resources management and planning for equitable water allocation. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Water Yield, InVest, WA+, Watershed Services | ||
| مراجع | ||
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