تعداد نشریات | 161 |
تعداد شمارهها | 6,532 |
تعداد مقالات | 70,501 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 124,099,385 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 97,206,895 |
ارزیابی مزرعهای کاربرد کمپوست پسماند شهری و نیتروژن بر عملکرد ذرت علوفهای و برخی ویژگیهای فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک | ||
به زراعی کشاورزی | ||
مقاله 2، دوره 23، شماره 3، مهر 1400، صفحه 484-471 اصل مقاله (789.75 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jci.2021.299430.2366 | ||
نویسنده | ||
محسن سیلسپور* | ||
استادیار، بخش تحقیقات کشت گلخانهای، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان تهران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ورامین، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
بهمنظور بررسی اثرات کمپوست و نیتروژن بر ویژگیهای کمی ذرت علوفهای و پروتئین دانه و برخی ویژگیهای فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک، پژوهشی با 9 تیمار در قالب طرح آماری بلوکهای کامل تصادفی بهصورت فاکتوریل در مزرعه مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان تهران در سال 1393 انجام شد. تیمارها شامل سه سطح مصرف کمپوست پسماند (صفر، 10 و20 تن در هکتار) و سه سطح مصرف نیتروژن خالص بهصورت اوره (صفر،100 و 200 کیوگرم در هکتار) بودند. اثر کمپوست پسماند شهری و نیتروژن بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد معنیدار شد. مصرف کمپوست زباله شهری باعث افزایش معنیدار هدایت الکتریکی خاک، نیترات، آهن قابل جذب خاک، روی قابل جذب خاک و کاهش معنیدار واکنش خاک شد. همچنین مصرف کمپوست زباله، سبب بهبود برخی ویژگیهای فیزیکی خاک از جمله کاهش معنیدار جرم ویژه ظاهری و افزایش ظرفیت مزرعه و درصد آب قابلاستفاده خاک شد. بنابراین در خاکهایی مشابه شرایط خاک آزمایش حاضر، برای دستیابی به حداکثر عملکرد علوفه خشک به میزان 44/21 تن در هکتار، مصرف 200 کیلوگرم نیتروژن از منبع اوره همراه با مصرف 20 تن در هکتار کمپوست پسماند شهری توصیه میشود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
روی قابل جذب؛ ظرفیت زراعی؛ کربن آلی؛ نیترات؛ هدایت الکتریکی خاک | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Field Evaluation of Municipal Waste and Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Forage Maize Yield and Some Physical and Chemical Properties of Soil | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Mohsen Seilsepour | ||
Assistant Professor, Greenhouse Cultivation Research Department, Tehran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Varamin, Iran. | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
In order to investigate the effects of compost and nitrogen on quantitative and protein content of forage corn and some physical and chemical properties of soil, a factorial experiment with 9 treatments in a factorial randomized complete block design has been conducted in the farm of Tehran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center during 2014. The treatments include three levels of residual compost (0, 10, and 20 Ton.ha-1) and three levels of nitrogen (0, 100, and 200 kg.ha-1) as urea. The effect of municipal waste and nitrogen compost on yield and yield components has been significant. The use of municipal solid waste compost has significantly increased the electrical conductivity of soil, nitrate, iron, and zinc uptake, while significantly decreasing soil reaction. Waste compost application has also improved some soil physical properties. Bulk density is significantly reduced and field capacity and soil available water are increased. Therefore, in the similar soil conditions of this ersearch, the use of 200 kg.ha-1 of pure nitrogen from the urea source with 20 Ton.ha-1 of municipal solid waste compost is recommended to achieve the maximum dry forage yield of 21.44 tons per hectare. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Available Zinc, Electrical conductivity, Field capacity, Nitrate, organic carbon | ||
مراجع | ||
Aggelides, S.M., & Londra, P.A. (2000). Effects of compost produced from town wastes and sewage sludge on the physical properties of a loamy and a clay soil. Bioresource Technology, 71, 253-259. Aliehyaie, M & Behbahani Zadeh, A.A. (1992). Methods of chemical analysis of soil and water (Vol. I). Ministry of Agriculture Jihad. Soil and Water Research Institute. Publication No. 893 Angin, I., Aslantas, R., Kose, M., Karakurt, H., & Ozkan, G. (2012). Changes in chemical properties of soil and sour cherry as a result of sewage sludge application. Horticultural Science. 39(2), 61–66. Annabi, M., Houot, S., & Francou, C. (2007). Soil aggregate stability improvement with urban composts of different maturities. Soil Science Society of American Journal. 71, 413-423. Anonymous. (2010). Compost, physical and chemical properties. National Standard of Iran No. 10716, Iranian Institute of Standards and Industrial Research, Karaj, Iran Astaraei, A. (2006). Effect of municipal solid waste compost & vermicompost on yield & yield components of Plantago Ovata. Iran. Journal of Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, 3, 180-187. Avis, T.J., Grave, V., Antoun, H., & Tweddell, R.J. (2008). Multifaceted beneficial effects of rhizosphere microorganisms on plant health and productivity. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 40, 1733-1740. Azam Shah, S., Mahmood Shah, S., Mohammad, W., Shafi, M., & Nawaz. H. (2009). N uptake and yield of wheat as influenced by integrated use of organic & mineral nitrogen. International Jounal of Plant Production, 3 (3), 56-45. Beigi, R. O., & Hejazi, M. (2004). Essential oil and composition of satureja hotrtensis of two different regions. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 7(2), 66-68. Cox, W.J., & Cherney, D.J. (2001). Row spacing, plant density and nitrogen effects on corn silage. Journal of Agronomy, 93, 597- 607. Eghball, B., Wienhold, B., & Gilley, J. (2001). Comprehensive manur management for improved nutrient utilization and environment quality. Soil and Water Conservation Research, 1, 128–135. Emami, A. (1996). Methods of plant analysis. Soil and Water Research Institute Press, Iran. pp. 982. Fageria, N. K., & Baligar, V. C. (2005). Enhancing nitrogen use efficiency in crop plants. Advances in Agronomy, 88, 97-185. Farshi, A.A., Shariati, M.R., Jarollahi, R., Ghaemi, M.R., Shahabifar, M., & Tavallaei, M.M. (1997). An estimate of water requirement of main field crops and orchards in Iran. Vol 1: Field Crops. Publication of Amoozeshe keshavarzi Press. (In Persian). Fowler, B.D., Brydon, J., & Baker, R.J. (1989). Nitrogen fertilization of no till winter wheat and rye. II: Influence of grain protein. Agronomy Journal, 81, 72-77. Gallardo-Lara, F., Azcon, M., & Polo, A. (2006). Phytoavailability & fractions of iron & manganese in calcareous soil amended with composted urban waste. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, 41, 1187–1201. Giannakis, G.V., Kourgialas, N.N., & Paranychianakis, N.V. (2012). Effects of municipal solid waste compost on soil properties and vegetables growth. M.Sc. thesis. School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Greece. Hargreaves, J.C., Adl, M.S., & Warman, P.R. (2008). A review of the use of composted municipal solid waste inagriculture. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 123(1-3), 1-14. He, X., Logan, T., & Traina, S. (2007). Physical and Chemical characteristics of selected U.S. municipal solid waste compost. Journal of Environment Quality, 24, 543-552. Karasu, A., Oz, M., Bayram, G., & Turgut, I. (2009). The effect nitrogen levels on forage yield & some attributes in some hybrid corn (Zea mays indentata Sturt) cultivars sown as second crop for silage corn. Journal of Africaian Agriculture Research, 4, 166-177. Lesting, A., Bovera, F., Piccolo, V., Convertini, G., & Montemurro, F. (2008). Effects of compost organic amendments on chemical composition & in vitro digestibility of alfalfa. Journal of Italian Animal Science, 8, 201-209. Maho, M., Rosen, C., & Halbach, T. (2000). Nitrogen availability & leaching from soil amended with municipal solid waste compost. Journal of Environment Quality, 28, 1074–1082. Malakouti, M. J., & Ghaibi, M. N. (2004). Principles of proper nutrition of corn, optimization of fertilizer consumption step towards self-sufficiency in corn production in the country, collection of articles. Sana Publications. Tehran. Iran. Marinari, S.G., Masci&aro, B., & Ceccanti, S. (2000). Influence of organic & mineral fertilizers on soil biophysical properties. Bio-Resource Technology, 72, 9-17. Memari, A. (2004). The effect different levels of municipal solid waste compost on yield, growth and mineral nutrition of some important crop plants and soil in Tehran region. M.Sc. thesis Faculty of Agriculture, Abourihan University, Tehran, Iran. (In Persian with English Summary) Mkhabela, M., & Warman, P.R. (2005). The influence of municipal solid waste compost on yield, soil phosphorus availability & uptake by two vegetable crops, grown in a Pugwash in loam soil in Nova Scotia.Agric. Ecosyst. Environment. 106, 57–67. Mollafilabi, A., Rashed, M. H., Moodi, H., & Kafi, M. (2010). Effect of plant density & nitrogen on yield & yield components of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.). Acta Horticulturae, 85, 115–126. Montemurro, F., Maiorana, M., Convertini, G., & Ferri, D. (2006). Compost organic amendments in fodder crops: effects on yield, nitrogen utilization and soil characteristics. Compost Science and Utilization, 14 (2), 114–123. Mutegi, E. M., Biu Kung, J., & Muna, M. (2012). Complementary effects of organic & mineral fertilizers on maize production in the smallholder farms of Meru South District, Kenya. Agricultural Sciences, 3 (2), 221-229. Najafi, N., & Mohammadnejad, A. (2016). Differential Concentrations of some Nutrient Element in Forage of Corn (Zea mays L.) as Affected by Organic Fertilizers and Soil Compaction. Journal of crop ecophysiology, 9(4), 561-582. Oktem, A., Oktem, A.G., & Emeklierc, H.Y. (2010). Effect of nitrogen on yield & some quality parameters of sweet corn. Soil Science and Plant Analysis Journal, 41, 832–847. Roberts, T. L. (2008). Improving nutrient use efficiency. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 32, 177–182. Sarmadnia, G.H., & Koocheki, A. (2003). Crop Physiology. Jihad Danshgahi Mashhad Press, Mashhad, Iran. 234 pp. (In Persian) Seilsepour, M. (2017). Field Evaluation of municipal solid waste compost & nitrogen on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of varamin cotton cultivar. Iranian Cotton Research Journal, 6 (2), 95–116. Shakarami, M., Marufi, S., Rahimi, Gh., & Dashti, F. (2015). Effect of sewage and compost on the transfer of some heavy metals in soil profiles. Journal of Water Research in Agriculture, 29(1), 75-86. (In Persian). Shanmugam, G.S., & Warman, P.R. (2004). Soil and plant response to organic amendments to three strawberry cultivars. In: Martin-Neto, L., Milori, D., daSilva, W. (Eds.), Proceedings of the International Humic Substances Society. Embrapa (Pub.), Sao Pedro, pp. 230–232. Soumare, M., Tack, G., & Verloo, M. G. (2003a). Effects of a municipal solid waste compost & mineral fertilization on plant growth in two tropical agricultural soils of Mali. Bioresource technology. Bioresource technology, 86, 15-20. Soumare, M., Tack, S., & Verloo, M. (2003b). Characterisation of Malian and Belgian solid waste composts with respect to fertility and suitability for application. Waste Management, 23, 517–522. Sullivan, D. M., Bary, A. I., Thomas, D. R., Fransen, S. C., & Cogger, C. G. (2002). Food waste compost effect on fertilizer nitrogen effectively, available nitrogen and and tall fescue yield. Soil Science Society of American Journal, 66, 154–161. Sumner, M.E. (2000). Beneficial use of effluents, wastes, and biosolids. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 31, 1701–1715. Vaca, R., Lugo, J., Martinez, R., Esteller, M. V., & Zavaleta, H. (2011). Effects of sewage sludge and sewage sludge compost amendment on soil properties and Zea mays L. plants (Heavy metals, quality and productivity). Revista internacional de contaminación ambiental, 27(4), 303–311. Walter, I., & Martinez, F. Cuevas, (2006). Plant and responses to the application of composted MSW in a degraded, semiarid shrubl& in central Spain. Compost Sci. Util. 14(2), 147–154. Yongjie, W., & Yangsheng, L. (2005). Effects of sewage sludge compost application on crops and cropl& in a 3-year field study. Chemosphere, 59, 1257–1265. Zhang, M., Heaney, D., & Henriquez, B. (2006). A four year study on influence of biosolids/MSW cocompost application in less productive soils in Alberta: nutrient dynamics. Compost Science and Utiizationl, 14(1), 68–80. Zhao, R. F., Chen, X. P., Zhang, F. S., Zhang, H., Schroder, J., & Romheld, V. (2007). Fertilization & nitrogen balance in a wheat-maize rotation system in North China. Agronomy Journal, 98, 935-945. Zheljakov, V., Astatkie, T., Caldwell, C.D., MacLeod, J., & Grimmett, M. (2006). Compost, manure, and gypsum application to timothy/red clover forge. Jounal of Environent Quaityl, 35, 2410-2418. Zheljazkov, V., & Warman, P.R., (2004). Source-separated municipal soil waste compost application to Swiss chard and basil. Jounal of Environent Quaityl, 33, 542–552. | ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 377 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 439 |