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بررسی ویژگیهای کیفی خاک متأثر از لکههای گیاهی با فرمهای رویشی مختلف در منطقۀ میانجنگل فسا | ||
نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری | ||
دوره 73، شماره 4، اسفند 1399، صفحه 741-752 اصل مقاله (1.56 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jrwm.2020.302307.1505 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
اسفندیار جهانتاب1؛ مریم زاهدی فر2؛ محسن فرزین* 3 | ||
1استادیار دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه فسا، فسا، ایران. | ||
2دانشیار دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه فسا، فسا، ایران. | ||
3استادیار دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
مطالعۀ ویژگیهای مهم خاک و پوشش گیاهی میتواند پتانسیل بالقوۀ مرتع را نشان دهد و تعیین وضعیت آن را میسر میسازد. از طرفی تأثیر گونههای گیاهی مختلف بر ویژگیهای سطح خاک از جمله فرسایش، رسوب، رواناب، نفوذپذیری و سایر عوامل، متفاوت است. در همین راستا، تحقیق حاضر با هدف بررسی ویژگیهای ساختاری و عملکرد فرمهای رویشی مختلف بر شاخصهای سطح خاک در حوزۀ آبخیز میانجنگل فسا انجام گردید. پس از اندازهگیری 11 عامل سطح خاک در سه ترانسکت 100متری، پتانسیلهای عملکردی (پایداری، نفوذپذیری، چرخۀ ریزمغذی) با استفاده از روش تحلیل عملکرد چشمانداز، طبقهبندی شدند. همچنین خصوصیات ساختاری شامل تعداد لکههای گیاهی، طول و عرض لکهها، درصد طول لکه در ترانسکت، شاخص سطح لکهها و شاخص سازمان یافتگی ثبت گردید. نتایج نشان داد چهار لکۀ اکولوژیک درختچه، بوته، گندمی و علفی و فضای بین لکهای خاک لخت و لاشبرگ در منطقۀ مورد مطالعه مستقر است. شاخص سازمان یافتگی و شاخص سطح لکه در منطقۀ مورد مطالعه بهترتیب 40/0 و 03/0 میباشد. لکههای گیاهی با فرمهای مختلف رویشی اثر متفاوتی بر عملکرد اکوسیستم منطقه دارند. فرم رویشی درختچهای دارای بیشترین پایداری است که تفاوت معنیداری با سایر فرمهای رویشی دارد. از نظر شاخص نفوذپذیری در منطقۀ مورد مطالعه، اختلاف معنیداری بین لکههای اکولوژیک با فرمهای رویشی درختچهای و گندمی وجود ندارد. در عناصر ریزمغذی خاک، بین لکههای اکولوژیک و میان لکه، اختلاف معنیدار وجود دارد. فرم رویشی درختچهای دارای بیشترین مقدار چرخۀ عناصر ریزمغذی است. بهطور کلی، فرم رویشی شاخص گیاهان لکۀ اکولوژیک منطقۀ مورد بررسی، درختچهای است. از این رو، به منظور کنترل بیولوژیک و اصلاح مراتع در منطقۀ میانجنگل فسا، کاشت پوشش گیاهی با فرم رویشی درختچهای پیشنهاد میگردد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
تحلیل عملکرد چشمانداز؛ لکههای گیاهی؛ حفاظت آب و خاک؛ کنترل بیولوژیک | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Investigating soil qualitative properties affected by plant patches with different growth forms in Fasa Mianjangal region | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Esfandiar Jahantab1؛ Maryam Zahedifar2؛ Mohsen Farzin3 | ||
1Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Fasa University, Fasa, Iran | ||
2Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Fasa University, Fasa, Iran | ||
3Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Recourses, Yasooj University, Yasooj, Iran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Study of important soil properties and vegetation attributes can give us awareness of the potential of rangelands and make it possible to determine their condition. O In this regard, the present study was carried out with the aim of studying the structural and functional attributes of different growth forms on soil surface indices in the Mianjangal Catchment, Fasa. Eleven soil surface indicators were measured along three 100-meter transects using Landscape Function Analysis. The measured factors were classified to assess functional potentials (stability, infiltration, nutrient cycle). Structural attributes including number of patches, length and width of patches, the percentage of patch length to the transect length, patch area index and organization index were investigated. In general, four ecological patches including shrub, bush, grass and forb and the space between the patches (bare and litter) were identified in the study area. The organization index of patch area index were 0.41 and 0.03 in the study area respectively. The results showed that plant patches with different growth forms had different effects on ecosystem function. The growth form shrub had the highest stability, which had a significant difference with other growth forms. In terms of infiltration index in the study area, there were no significant differences between ecological patches with shrub and grass growth forms. Soil nutrient cycle also had a significant difference between ecological patches and also inter-patches. The shrub growth form had the highest amount of nutrient cycle. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Landscape Function Analysis, Plant patch, Water and soil conservation, Biological control | ||
مراجع | ||
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