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بررسی تغییرات کانیهای رسی و وضعیت منگنز خاک در افقهای سطحی و عمقی تعدادی از خاکهای شالیزاری استان فارس | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 52، شماره 2، اردیبهشت 1400، صفحه 345-360 اصل مقاله (1.48 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2020.308016.668702 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سیروس شاکری* 1؛ مجید باقر نژاد2؛ عبدالصمد غلامی2؛ ابوالفضل آزادی3 | ||
| 1هیات علمی ، گروه علوم کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران | ||
| 3عضو هیئت علمی. گروه آب و خاک، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی. خوزستان. اهواز. ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شرایط غرقابی عامل مهمی است که بر روی خصوصیات خاک موثر است. هدف از انجام این تحقیق، بررسی تاثیر شرایط غرقاب بر کانیهای رسی ثانویه خاک و همچنین عنصر منگنز در خاکهای زیر کشت طولانی مدت برنج استان فارس بود. برای انجام این مطالعه، در هر منطقه دو خاکرخ یکی دارای کاربری کشت برنج و دیگری بکر بر روی مواد مادری آهکی و لندفرم مشابه حفر شدند. نتایج کانیشناسی بخش رس خاکها نشان داد که نوع کانیها در هر دو کاربری مشابه، اما مقدار نسبی آنها متفاوت است. به نظر میرسد که کشت طولانی مدت برنج فقط بر کمیت کانیهای رسی تاثیرگذار بوده است به نحوی که در خاکهای شالیزاری مقدار اسمکتیت زیاد بود. اما در اراضی بکر غیرشالیزاری مقادیر کانیهای ایلیت، کلریت و پالیگورسکیت افزایش داشتند. ایلیت و کلریت در هر دو نوع کاربری مشاهده شد و با افزایش عمق، مقدار آنها نیز به علت حضورشان در مواد مادری افزایش نشان داد. تبدیل ایلیت به اسمکتیت در افقهای سطحی خاکهای شالیزار منجر به افزایش مقدار نسبی اسمکتیت شد اما مقدار اسمکتیت با افزایش عمق کاهش یافت. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که در اراضی شالیزار مقادیر منگنز قابل استفاده (Mnex)، شبه کل (Mnt) و اکسید منگنز با تبلور ضعیف (Mno) بیشتر از اراضی غیرشالیزاری بوده و در افقهای سطحی شالیزارها بیشترین میزان را نشان میدهد. کشت طولانی مدت بـرنج همچنین موجب کاهش مقدار اکسید منگنز پدوژنیک (Mnd) و شکلهای متبلور (Mncry) آنها نسبت به خاکهای بکر مجاور شد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| کانیهای رسی؛ شکلهای منگنز؛ خاکهای شالیزاری و غیرشالیزاری | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigation of Changes in Clay Minerals and Soil Manganese Status in the Surface and Subsurface of Paddy Soils with Long-term Rice Cultivation in Fars Province | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Sirous Shakeri1؛ Majid Baghernejad2؛ َAbdolsamad Gholami2؛ Abolfazl azadi3 | ||
| 1Department of Agriculture, College of Agricultureو Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran | ||
| 3Faculty member. Department of soil and water, Agricultural Research,Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) . Khuzestan. Ahvaz, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Waterlogging is an important factor, affecting soil properties. This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of waterlogging on secondary soil clay minerals, as well as manganese (Mn) of paddy soils with long-term rice cultivation in Fars province. In each region, two soil profiles in paddy and non-paddy fields were digged on calcareous parent materials and the same landform in a pairwise manner. Analysis of the clay mineralogy indicated that the long-term rice cultivation seems to have an influence on the quantity of clay minerals, as indicated by higher smectite in paddy soils. But, higher chlorite, illite and palygorskite was found in non-paddy soils. Clay minerals were probably affected more by parent materials and less by the aquatic condition. Chlorite and illite were observed in both paddy and non-paddy soils and increased with depth due to their presence in parent rocks. Transformation of illite to smectite in the A horizon increased relative abundance of smectite but it decreased with depth. The results showed that the paddy soils have more available Fe and Mn (extracted by DTPA), total Fe and Mn (extracted by HNO3), and poorly crystalline Fe and Mn oxides (extracted by Ammonium oxalate), compared to the non-paddy soils and the surface horizons of paddy soils showed the highest rates. Also, the long-term cultivation of rice decreased the content of pedogenic (extracted by Citrate-Bicarbonate-Dithionite) and crystalline Mn oxides. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Clay minerals, Manganese forms, Paddy and non-paddy soils | ||
| مراجع | ||
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