پیوندهای مفید
اخبار و اعلانات
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 161 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 6,532 |
| تعداد مقالات | 70,501 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 124,113,597 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 97,217,360 |
چشم انداز، رئالیسم علمگرایانه و تغییرات اقلیمی در رمان خورشیدی | ||
| پژوهش ادبیات معاصر جهان | ||
| دوره 26، شماره 1، شهریور 1400، صفحه 244-275 اصل مقاله (580.01 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jor.2020.307370.2023 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سید محمد مرندی* 1؛ زهره رامین2؛ محمدباقر شعبان پور* 3 | ||
| 1استاد ادبیات انگلیسی، دانشکده زبانها و ادبیات خارجی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار ادبیات انگلیسی، دانشکده زبانها و ادبیات خارجی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
| 3دانشجوی دکتری ادبیات انگلیسی، دانشکده زبانها و ادبیات خارجی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| این مقاله به‌بررسی توصیفهای چشمانداز در رمان خورشیدی اثر ین مکیون میپردازد و دیدگاه معرفتشناختی راوی داستان را، با توجه به‌این توصیف‌ها بررسی میکند. نوشتار استدلال میکند که توصیف چشماندازها در سبک رئالیستی این اثر، ریشه در اندیشة علمگرایانه و باور قاطع و تقلیلگرایانه راوی و شخصیت محوری داستان به سنت و آموزههای )نئو(لیبرالیستی دارد. مقاله، با عنایت به‌اشارات و توصیفهای داستان، این مسئله را مورد کنکاش قرار میدهد که چگونه و با چه سازوکارهایی زمین بهعنوان پهنهای که از یک طرف طبیعت و از طرفی دیگر کشورها و مرزهای سیاسیشان را در خود جای‌داده بود، از اواخر سده بیستم تبدیل به‌یک چشمانداز و سیارهای کروی و بدون مرز شده است. همچنین، این نوشته، با اتکا به اندیشه‌های هاروی باورمندی افراطی شخصیت اصلی رمان و راوی داستان به‌ساحت علم و منجی پنداشتن آن را به بوتهی نقد میکشد و میکوشد تا ثابت کند؛ نگرش علیالظاهر زیست بوم‌گرایانه شخصیت اصلی داستان ریشه در سنتی دارد که خود مسبب معضلات محیطزیستی دنیا است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| چشمانداز؛ رئالیسم علمگرایانه؛ (نئو)لیبرالیسم؛ معرفت‌شناسی؛ مکیون؛ هاروی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Landscape, Scientistic Realism, and Climate Change in Ian McEwan's Solar | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Seyed Mohammad Marandi1؛ Zohre Ramin2؛ Mohammad Bagher Shabanpour3 | ||
| 1Department of English, faculty of Foreign languages and Literatures, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Department of English, Faculty of Foreign Languages and Literatures, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3English Department, Faculty of Foreign Languages and Literatures, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Abstract This paper studies the landscapes in Ian McEwan’s Solar and examines the narrator’s epistemological lens in his description of the landscapes. The research draws upon David Harvey’s definition of built environment, which contributes to the generation of a more practical definition of landscape, and argues that the narrator and the focalizer’s realistic descriptions of the landscapes have their origin in their scientistic mindset and firm reductionist belief in (neo)liberalism. With regard to such descriptions, the paper focuses on how, since the late twentieth century, the earth, as the cradle of nature and location of countries with definite political borders, is transformed into a landscape of a (blue) planet without any political or spatial borders on it. Using Harvey’s Marxist critiques of capitalism and neoliberalism, this study also analyzes the narrator and focalizer’s belief in science as a savior and the single avenue towards understanding the world. It is concluded that the ecological stance in the story is grounded in the very epistemology from which the man-made climate change arises. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Key Words: epistemology, Harvey, McEwan, landscape, (neo)liberalism, scientistic realism | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Adam, David. “Ian McEwan: Failure at Copenhagen Climate Talks Prompted Novel Rewrite”. The Guardian, www.theguardian.com/environment/2010/mar/05/ian-, 2010.
Barry, Peter. Beginning Theory. Manchester University Press, 2009.
Bateni, Mohammad Reza. Language and Thought. Nashre Agah, 1385/2006.
Berman, Marshal. All That is Solid Melts into Air; The Experience of Modernity. Translated by Morad Farhadpour, Tarh-e-No, (2008) (1387).
Berndt, Katrin. “Science as Comedy and the Myth of Progress in Ian McEwan’s Solar.” Mosaic: an Interdisciplinary Critical Journal. Vol. 50, No. 4, 2017: pp. 85-101.
Bolchi, Elisa. “An Air-conditioned Global Warming. The Description of Settings in Ian McEwan's Solar.” L'Analisi Linguistica E Letterarial. Vol. 24, No. 2, 2016: pp. 35-42.
Brown, Mick. “Ian Mcewan Interview: Warming to the Topic of Climate Change”. Telegraph.co.uk. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/7412584/Ian-McEwan-interview-warming-to-the-topic-of-climate-change.html, 2010.
Buchholz, Sabine, et. al. “Space in Narration.” Translated by Mehdi Feizi. In Encyclopedia of Narratology, edited by Mohammad Ragheb. Nashr-e-Elm, pp. 155-166, 1391 / 2012.
Chomsky, Noam. Language and Thought. Translated by Jourosh Safavi, 2nd E, Hermes, 1384 / 2005.
Corner, James. The Landscape Imagination. the Collected Essays of James Corner,1990-2010. Princeton Architectural Press, 2014.
Cosgrove, Denis Edmund. Social Formation and Symbolic Landscape. University of Wisconsin Press, 1998.
Cowley, Jason. “Solar by Ian McEwan; Book Review.” The Guardian, www.theguardian.com/books/2010/mar/14/solar-ian-mcewan, 2010.
Caracciolo, Marco. “Metaphorical patterns in Anthropocene Fiction.” Language and Literature, Vol. 28, No. 3, 2019: pp.221-240.
Daniels, Stephen. “Marxism, Culture and the Duplicity of Landscape.” New Models in Geography. Vol.2, 1989: pp. 196-220.
Elahi, Houmayoun. The Nature and Function of Imperialism. Ghoomes Publication Company, 1387 / 2008.
Elden, Stewart. “There is a politics of space because space is political.” Translated by Aidin Torkameh. In An Introduction to Henri Lefebvre’s Production of Space, Tisa Pubication, 1394 / 2015.
Feenberg, Andrew. “Reification and the Antinomies of Socialist thought.” Translated by Fazlolah Pakzad. Orghnon: Problems of Modernism and Post-Modernism, Printing and Publishing Company, pp. 379-392, 1390 / 2011.
Fevyer, David William. Reading the Anthropocene through Science and Apocalypse in the SelectedContemporary Fiction of J G Ballard, Kurt Vonnegut, Cormac McCarthy and Ian McEwan. University of Southampton Institutional Repository, 2016.
Foster, John. “Marx and the Environment.” Translated by Mahmoud Motahed. In Criticizing Postmodernism, edited by Khosro Parsa, Nashre Agah, pp. 133-154, 1396 / 2017.
Garrard, Greg. Ecocriticism. Routledge, 2012.
--- “Ian McEwan’s Next Novel and the Future of Ecocriticism.” Contemporary Literature. Vol. 50, No. 4, 2009: pp. 695–720.
--- “Solar: Apocalypse Not.” in Ian McEwan: Contemporary Critical Perspectives, edited by Sebastian Groes, 2nd E, Bloomsbury, pp. 123-136, 2013.
Giddens, Antony. Politics of Climate Change. Translated by Zahra Pishgahi Fard. National Geographic Organization Publication, 2012.
Hanks, Reuel. Encyclopedia of Geography Terms, Themes, and Concepts. ABC-CLIO, 2011.
Harvey, David. A Brief History of Neoliberalism. Oxford University Press, 2005.
--- A Companion to Marx’s Capital. Translated by Aref Aghvami Moghadam. Ashian, 2015.
--- The Condition of Postmodernity; an Enquiry into the Origin of Cultural Change. Oxford: Blackwell, 1989.
--- Consciousness and the Urban Experience: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1985.
--- “Globalization and the Spatial Fix.” Geographische Revue. Vol.3, Issue 2, 2001: pp. 23-30.
--- Marx, Capital and the Madness of Economic Reason. Translated by Aref Aghvami Moghadam, Ashian, 1398 / 2019.
--- Spaces of Hope. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2000.
Holland, Rachel. “Ian McEwan and the Aeroplane View.” In Contemporary Fiction and Science from Amis to McEwan. Palgrave Macmillan, 2019: pp. 151-187.
--- “Reality Check: Ian McEwan’s Rational Fictions.” Critique: Studies in Contemporary Fiction. Vol. 58, No. 4, 2017: pp. 387–400.
Hoskins, William George. The Making of the English Landscape. Penguin Books, 1995.
Houser, Heather. “Comic Crisis.” American Book Review. Vol. 32, No.1, 2010: pp. 10-10.
Jahn, Manfred. Narratology: A Guide to the Theory of Narrative. Translated by Mohammad Ragheb. Qoqnoos, 1397 / 2018.
Jameson, Feredric. Postmodernism. Translated by Majid Mohammadi, Hermes, 1389 / 2010.
Karimian, Farzaneh, and Hassan Arezi, Ghazaleh Haji. “Tehran in Le turban et la rose, a study of a stranger point of view with the geocritical approach.” Research in Contemporary World Literature / Pazhuhesh-e Zabanha-ye Khareji). Vol. 22, No. 1, 1396 / 2017: pp. 5-31.
Ladyman, James. Understanding Philosophy of Science. Translated by Hossein Karami, Hekmat Publication, (2016) (1395).
Leyshon, Catherine, and Hilary Geoghegan. “Landscape and climate change.” In The Routledge Companion to Landscape Studie, edited by Peter Howard, Routledge: pp. 461-470, 2013.
Maughan, Chris. “Collective Unconscious: Climate Change and Responsibility in Ian McEwan’s Solar. GeoHumanities. Vol. 5, No. 1, 2019: pp. 18-35.
McEwan, Ian. “A Boot Room In The Frozen North - Cape Farewell - The Cultural Response To Climate Change.” Capefarewell.com. https://capefarewell.com/explore/215-aboot-room-in-the-frozen-north.html, 2005.
--- “An Interview with Milan Kundra.” in The Novel Today, edited by Malcolm Bradbury, Fontana Press, 1990.
--- “Save the Boot Room, Save the Earth.” The Gurdian, https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2005/mar/19/art1. 2005.
--- Ian. Solar. Anchor Books, 2010.
Mitchell, William John Thomas. Landscape and Power. University of Chicago Press, 1994.
Mohammadi, Ali. Globalization or Recolonization? The Muslim World in the 21st Century. Nashreney, 1387 / 2008.
Pirnajmuddin, Hossein, and Peyambarpour, Motahareh Sadat. “Ian McEwan and Liberal Humanism: A Reading of Saturday.” Research in Contemporary World Literature / Pazhuhesh-e Zabanha-ye Khareji. Vol. 25, No. 1, 1397 / 2020: pp. 183-208.
Salehi, Malek Yahya. Western Political Thooughts in Twentieth Century. Ghoomes, 1386 / 2007.
Seaboyer, Judith. “Ian McEwan: Contemporary realism and the novel of ideas.” In The Contemporary British Novel since 1980, edited by James Acheson, Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 23-34, 2005.
Shakuie, Hossein. Environmental Philosophies and Geographical Schools. Gitashenasi, 1388 / 2009.
--- New Trends in Philosophy of Geography. Gitashenasi, 1389/ 2010.
Smith, John. Imperialism in 21st Century. Translated by Davood Jalili, Golazin Publication, 1395 / 2016.
Swaffield, Simon. “Landscape as a Way of Knowing the World.” In The Cultured Landscape: Designing theEnvironment in the 21st Century, edited by Sheila Harvey, Routledge, pp. 3-24, 2005.
Ward, Glenn. Postmodernism. Translated by Ghader Fakhr Ranjbari and Abuzar Karami, Mahi publication, 1387 / 2008.
Warf, Barney. Encyclopedia of human geography. Sage, 2006.
--- Time-Space Compression: Historical geographies. Routledge, 2008.
Watt, Ian. “Rise of the Novel.” Translated by Hossein Payandeh. In Theories of Novel.Niloofar Publication, pp. 11-52, 2009.
Williams, Raymond. “Realism and the Contemporary Novel.” Translated by Hossein Payandeh. In Theories of Novel.Niloofar Publication, pp. 83-106, 2009.
Wylie, John. Landscape. Routledge, 2007.
Zemanek, Evi. “A Dirty Hero’s Fight for Clean Energy: Satire, Allegory, and Risk Narrative in Ian McEwan’s Solar.” Ecozon@: European Journal of Literature, Culture and Environment. Vol. 3, No. 1, 2012: pp. 51-60. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 999 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 408 |
||