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اثر سریهای افزایشی در کشت مخلوط آفتابگردان و ریحان، تحت رژیمهای آبیاری شور و شیرین بر عملکرد و شاخص سودمندی | ||
به زراعی کشاورزی | ||
مقاله 4، دوره 24، شماره 2، تیر 1401، صفحه 311-323 اصل مقاله (518.06 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jci.2021.316538.2496 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
سارا نجفی1؛ عیسی خمری* 2؛ احمد قنبری3؛ مهدی دهمرده4 | ||
1دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران. | ||
2استادیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران. | ||
3استاد، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران. | ||
4دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
با هدف دستیابی به بالاترین سطح عملکرد و سودمندی در کشت مخلوط افزایشی آفتابگردان و ریحان تحت مدیریت آبیاری با آب شور و شیرین، آزمایشی بهصورت کرتهای خردشده بر پایه طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار و طی دو سال زراعی (1396 و 1397) در پژوهشکده دانشگاه زابل اجرا شد. آب شیرین (ECe= 3.9 dS.m-1) از رودخانه هیرمند و آب شور (ECe= 1.1 dS.m-1) از چاه تأمین شدند. رژیم آبیاری بهعنوان عامل اصلی در سه سطح آب شیرین، آب شور و متناوب (شور و شیرین یکدر میان) و سطوح مختلف کشت بهعنوان عامل فرعی شامل 100 درصد آفتابگردان (چهار بوته در مترمربع)، 100 درصد ریحان (80 بوته در مترمربع)، 100 درصد آفتابگردان+ 50 درصد ریحان، 50 درصد آفتابگردان+ 100 درصد ریحان، 100 درصد آفتابگردان و 100 درصد ریحان انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد اثر متقابل تیمارهای الگوی کشت مخلوط و رژیم آبیاری بر وزن هزاردانه، عملکرد دانه، شاخص برداشت، عملکرد روغن دانه آفتابگردان، و همچنین صفات عملکرد وزن خشک و اسانس گیاه ریحان اثر معنیدار داشت. همچنین در رژیمهای آبیاری مختلف، بیشترین نسبت برابری زمین کل (45/1- 37/1) و شاخص سودآوری (48/0-29/0) در الگوی کشت 50 درصد آفتابگردان+ 100 درصد ریحان دیده شد. نتایج نشان داد کشت مخلوط میتواند بر تعدیل تأثیر منفی شوری آب بر عملکرد گیاهان مورد آزمایش مؤثر باشد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آبیاری متناوب؛ اسانس؛ الگوی کشاورزی؛ تنش؛ شاخص برداشت | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Effect of Additive Intercropping Series of Sunflower with Basil, under Saline and Fresh Water Irrigation Regimes on their Yield and Advantage Indices | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
sara Najafi1؛ Issa Khammari2؛ ahmmad ghanbari3؛ mahdi dahmard4 | ||
1Ph.D. Student, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran. | ||
2Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran. | ||
3Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran. | ||
4Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran. | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Additive intercropping series of sunflower and basil have been laid out under salty and fresh water irrigation management with the aim of achieving the highest yield and intercropping advantage as a result of intercropping the two plants. An experiment has been performed at Zabol University during two cropping years (2018 and 2019). Fresh water (ECe = 3.9 dS.m-1) and saline water (ECe = 1.1 dS.m-1) have been taken from the Hirmand River and a local well, respectively. The irrigation water regimes are fresh water, salt water, and an alternating usage of salty and fresh irrigation water. In addition, five types of intercropping patterns are considered the sub-factors (100% sunflower (4 plants/m2), 100% basil (80 plants/m2), 100% sunflower+ 50% basil, 50% sunflower + 100% basil and 100% sunflower + 100% basil. The results show that the interaction between intercropping patterns and different irrigation regimes has had a significant effect on 1000 seed weight, seed yield, harvest index, oil yield of sunflower, dry weight, and essential oil yield of basil plants. In response to all irrigation regimes, the highest value of total land equivalent ratio (1.37-1.45) and intercropping advantage (0.29 - 0.48) has occurred as a result of cultivating 50% sunflower + 100% basil, thereby appearing as a good model of intercropping. The results show that intercropping patterns can be effective in modulating the negative effects of saline irrigation water on plant yield. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Agricultural pattern, Alternating irrigation, Essential oil, Harvest index, Stress | ||
مراجع | ||
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