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بررسی کیفی مبانی رویکرد میانرشتهای در برنامهدرسی با نگاهی بر رشته ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی | ||
تحقیقات اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی ایران | ||
دوره 54، شماره 1، فروردین 1402، صفحه 329-346 اصل مقاله (1.05 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijaedr.2019.258347.668608 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
زینب موذن کلور؛ سید حمید موحد محمدی* ؛ احمد رضوانفر؛ یوسف حجازی | ||
گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
زیادهروی در تخصصگرایی و از دست دادن ارتباط و همبستگیهای موضوعی یک رشته با موضوعات دیگر رشتهها و جهان پیرامونی، رشتههای دانشگاهی را از کارکرد اصلیشان خارج کرده است. در این رابطه، در نقشهی جامع علمی کشور، بر توسعهی برنامههای میانرشتهای به عنوان یک راهبرد کلان تأکید شده است. رویکرد میانرشتهای درهم تنیدهسازی چشماندازهای رشتهای مختلف به منظور انسجامبخشی در نظریهها، مفاهیم، ابزارها، تکنیکها و رسیدن به پیشرفت شناختی، جهت بررسی یک موضوع یا مسألهی پیچیده است. هدف این مقاله، بررسی ضرورتها، دستاوردها، ویژگیها و اصول استفاده از رویکرد میانرشتهای در برنامهدرسی از دیدگاه اعضای هیأت علمی و متخصصان حوزهی برنامهدرسی میانرشتهای و رشتهی ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی بود. با استفاده از روش نمونهگیری هدفمند به شیوهی گلوله برفی با 29 نفر از خبرگان به صورت حضوری، تلفنی و مکاتبهای تا رسیدن به مرحلهی اشباع دادهها، مصاحبه انجام شد. دادهها با استفاده از روش تحلیل محتوای کیفی و کمی طی فرآیند کدگذاری باز و در دو مرحلهی کدگذاری اولیه و ثانویه، به صورت دستی و توسط پژوهشگر در هر پرسش، پردازش و تحلیل گردید. کدها شناسایی و مقولهها و مفاهیم اصلی استخراج شد. یافتهها نشان داد که بارزترین ویژگی رویکرد میانرشتهای، تعامل، ارتباط و ادغام هدفمند رشتهها است. مهمترین ضرورت میانرشتهای، مسألهمحوری بود، و از دستاوردهای با اهمیت این رویکرد، تربیت انسان چندبعدی و دارای تفکر جامع و سیستمی است. با توجه به نتایج پیشنهاد میشود، به عنوان یک اصل کلی در بازنگری برنامهدرسی ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی با رویکرد میانرشتهای به هر دو رهیافت برنامهدرسی محتوامحور و مهارتمحور توجه شود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
رویکرد میانرشتهای؛ آموزش عالی؛ برنامهدرسی میانرشتهای؛ رشته ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی؛ بررسی کیفی | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Qualitative Study of the Principles of Interdisciplinary Approach in Curriculum by Looking at the Field of Agricultural Extension and Education | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Zainab Moazen Kloor؛ Seyyed Hamid Movahed Mohammadi؛ Ahmad Rezvanfar؛ Yousef Hejazi | ||
Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agricultural Economics and Development, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Excessive proficiency and the loss of relevance and thematic correlations of a discipline with other disciplines and the peripheral world have removed university disciplines from their main function. In this regard, the country's comprehensive scientific map emphasizes the development of interdisciplinary programs as a major strategy. Interdisciplinary approach, interconnecting different perspectives of different disciplines to integrate theories, concepts, tools, techniques, and achieving cognitive development to survey a complex subject or problem. The purpose of this paper was to study the necessities, achievements, atributies and the principles of using an interdisciplinary approach in curriculum from the perspective of faculty members and interdisciplinary curriculum specialists and the field of agricultural extension and education. Semi-structured interview was conducted using a snowball sampling method with 29 experts in person, face to face, telephone and Correspondence interview to reach the data saturation stage. The data was processed and analyzed by the researcher in a questionnaire, using qualitative and quantitative content analysis method during the open coding process and in two stages of initial and secondary coding. Identification codes and the main categories and concepts were extracted. The findings showed that the most prominent feature of the interdisciplinary approach is the interaction, the communication and the purposeful integration of the disciplines. The most important interdisciplinary necessity was problem-oriented, and the achievements of this approach are multi-dimensional human education with a comprehensive and systemic thinking. In view of the results, it is suggested that both a content-based and skill-oriented curriculum approach be considered as a general principle in the revision of agricultural extension and education curriculum. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Interdisciplinary Approach, Higher Education, Interdisciplinary Curriculum, Agricultural Extension and Education, Qualitative Study | ||
مراجع | ||
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