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تحلیل رابطة سطح انتظارات از دولت و تمایل جوامع محلی به اقدامات پیشگیرانه در برابر مخاطرات (مطالعة موردی: نواحی روستایی شهرستان نیشابور) | ||
| پژوهشهای جغرافیای انسانی | ||
| دوره 53، شماره 4، دی 1400، صفحه 1313-1333 اصل مقاله (532.45 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jhgr.2021.289932.1008015 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| طاهره صادقلو* 1؛ خدیجه بوذرجمهری2؛ زهرا سلیمانی3 | ||
| 1استادیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشکدة ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشکدة ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران | ||
| 3دانشجوی دکتری رشتة جغرافیا و برنامهریزی روستایی، دانشکدة ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| امروزه، تأکید بر مدیریت ریسک و اجرای اقدامات پیشگیرانه به عنوان اساسی ترین رویکرد در ادبیات مدیریت بحران مطرح است. اما تحقق این فرایند، بهویژه در جوامع روستایی و با جلب مشارکت جوامع محلی به انجامدادن اقدامات پیشگیرانه تحت الشعاع عوامل و موانع بسیاری است که سطح انتظارات جوامع محلی از دولت و وابستگی به آن برای مدیریت بحران و اثرهای آن یکی از مهمترین این عوامل است. بنابراین، در پژوهش حاضر به تحلیل تأثیر انتظارات از دولت بر میزان تمایل جوامع محلی به مشارکت در انجامدادن اقدامات پیشگیرانه در برابر سوانح طبیعی با روش توصیفی- پیمایشی و با ابزار پرسشنامه پرداخته شده است. به منظور سنجش هدف و تحلیل داده ها، از آزمون های تی تک نمونه ای، همبستگی پیرسون، آزمون رگرسیون خطی، و آزمون تحلیل واریانس یک طرفه استفاده شده است. پژوهش حاضر به لحاظ ماهیت کاربردی و از لحاظ نوع تحقیقات توصیفی- تحلیلی است. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده، در منطقة مورد مطالعه میزان تمایل روستاییان به اقدامات پیشگیرانه پایین تر از سطح متوسط است. در حالی که سطح انتظارات مردم از دولت در برابر سوانح طبیعی بسیار بالاست. همچنین، ضمن تأیید ارتباط بین این دو متغیر، تأثیرگذاری متغیر انتظارات روستاییان از دولت بر عدم تمایل جوامع محلی به اقدامات پیشگیرانه در برابر سوانح طبیعی با میزان ضریب 38 درصد تبیین و تأیید میشود. از سویی، بر اساس نتایج بهدستآمده، تمایل به اقدامات پیشگیرانه در بین روستاییانی که واکنش ترجیحی آنها در برابر سوانح بر اساس مستندات و آرشیو تجربة آنهاست بیشتر از سایر روستاییان است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تمرکززدایی؛ جوامع محلی؛ سوانح طبیعی؛ شهرستان نیشابور؛ مدیریت ریسک | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Analyzing the impact of expectations from government on the willingness to take precautionary measures against natural hazards (Case Study: Rural of Neyshabur County) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Tahereh Sadeghloo1؛ Khadijeh Bouzarjomehri2؛ Zahra Soleimani3 | ||
| 1Mashhad University | ||
| 2department of Geography, ferdowsi university of mashhad,IRAN | ||
| 3department of geography, ferdowsi university of mashhad, iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Introduction: As a whole, the world is experiencing an increase in the intensity and abundance of natural hazards, which it is a major threat to all regions. Basically, natural hazards can be recognized as a potential hazard because of the combination of disasters, vulnerability conditions and inadequate measures to mitigate the negative consequences. In fact, the natural hazard is an unexpected event that disrupts the normal functioning of a society and generally leading to loss of life, livelihoods and damage to the infrastructure of communities. Therefore, take preventive measures and preparedness for these events can greatly reduce costs. For this reason, Emphasis on risk management and to take preventive measures today is one of the most fundamental approaches in the crisis management literature. But the realization of this process, especially in rural communities and the attract of local communities to take precautionary measures, is overshadowed by many factors and obstacles, that the level of local communities' expectations of the government for crisis management and its effects is one of the most important. In communities where the government participates in all levels of risk planning and accountability and the local government has the primary responsibility for emergency response to the hazard, most people believe that "the government must take responsibility of coping with the problems due the risks". Likewise, they expect the government to be prepared and responsive to natural hazards. There is widespread agreement among economists that expectations influence people's behavior and actions. So that even if residents are aware of the environmental risk, they may believe that government planning and preparation is sufficient for risk management. So they do not feel the need to take home preparedness measures. Methodology: the present study analyzes the impact of expectations from the government on the extent of local community interest to take precautionary measures against natural hazards. A descriptive - survey method and a questionnaire were used for this purpose. In this study, the level of analysis is rural and its unit of analysis are rural households. Fazl has been selected as the study area, which is one of the districts of Neyshabur County in Khorasan Razavi province. At first, 15 villages were selected for field study through Formula N0 and then, sample villages were selected based on the location of the villages in the hazardous areas. Research indicators and variables have been compiled according to the theoretical foundations and review of previous studies. Variable of expectations level of local communities about intervention and the role of government in the risk process have been measured the following two types of structural and non-structural approaches and variable of propensity to take preventive measures by local communities have been measured the following economic, social, skill-individual and physical-environmental dimensions. One-sample t-test, Pearson correlation, linear regression test, and one-way ANOVA were used to measure the purpose and data analysis. The present study has applied nature and is a descriptive-analytical research. Results and discussion: According to the results, in the study area the tendency to preventive measures in all economic, social, skill-individual and physical-environmental dimensions is lower than the average level. The level of expectations of the sample communities from the government against risk indicates that these expectations are very high in both structural and non-structural sectors as well as before, during and after the risks. The results of the Pearson correlation test indicate that there is a significant relationship between the two variables of rural expectations of government and the reluctance of local communities to take precautionary measures against natural hazards. On the other hand, the results of the regression test also confirm the variable impact of rural expectations of the government on the reluctance of local communities to take precautionary measures against natural hazards. Based on the results, Willingness to take preventive measures are more prevalent among villagers whose their preferential reaction to risk is based on the documentation and archive of their experience. Conclusion: In general, the emphasis on preventive measures before the occurrence of hazards and to take the process of risk management by local communities is one of the priorities of many governments in the process of risk management. In the meantime, the reliance on the government, or the high level of expectations of the people from government on risk management measures, has led to a significantly decrease in their reluctance and participation in preventive measures. Perhaps this level of expectation from the government about risk management can be largely attributed to the inaccurate timely management of the risk management process by government agencies and crisis management authorities, So that if the costs of rebuilding and repairing the damage are shifted to participatory preventive measures, Increasing the readiness of local communities to deal with the effects of hazards and mitigating the damages, Their level of expectations and views on government duties and the scope of these tasks were made clearer. However, one should not neglect the small villagers' financial ability to preventive measures and the status of supervisory levers. Encouraging people to take precautionary measures and be prepared for natural hazards, existence strict rules for people who have built their homes in hazardous areas, Raising public awareness of preventive measures and preparedness for natural hazards, forming voluntary and mobilizing groups from local communities and training them in emergencies to respond quickly, create funds by local people to raise funds for emergencies, these include suggestions to increase the willingness of local communities to take preventive measures In line reduce public dependence on government action. According to the results, in the study area the tendency to preventive measures in all economic, social, skill-individual and physical-environmental dimensions is lower than the average level.the present study analyzes the impact of expectations from the government on the extent of local community interest to take precautionary measures against natural hazards | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Expectation from Government, Local Communities, Preventive Measures, Natural Hazards, Neyshabur County | ||
| مراجع | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 481 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 257 |
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