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سنجش و ارزیابی خطر آلودگی آب و رسوبات ساحلی در مصب خورهای شهر بندرعباس | ||
| اکوهیدرولوژی | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 8، شماره 2، تیر 1400، صفحه 411-429 اصل مقاله (1.02 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ije.2021.315647.1441 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| احمد نوحه گر* 1؛ سمانه حبیبی2؛ محمود بهروزی3 | ||
| 1استاد ژئومورفولوژی، دانشکدۀ محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 2دکتری تخصصی علوم و مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس | ||
| 3دکتری تخصصی آبوهواشناسی- مخاطرات محیطی، دانشگاه ملایر | ||
| چکیده | ||
| امروزه یکی از مشکلاتی که اکولوژی ساحلی را تهدید می‌کند، ورود پساب‌های شهری از طریق خورها به دریا است. تخلیۀ پساب‌ها به خورهای چهارگانۀ بندرعباس، سبب آلودگی سواحل خلیج فارس میشود که برای تدوین راهبردهای مدیریت در کاهش ریسک خطر آلودگی، پایش آلاینده‌ها در اولویت است. به این منظور و برای دستیابی به این رهیافت، پژوهش حاضر پارامترهای فیزیکوشیمیایی آب و فلزات سنگین در رسوبات خورهای چهارگانۀ بندرعباس شامل خور سورو، گورسوزان، شیلات و نخل ناخدا را طی چهار فصل در سال 1398 پایش کرده و با شاخص‌های آلودگی ارزیابی کرد. نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان داد غلظت DO، BOD، COD، TSS، Cd، Zn، NO3، PO4، دترجنت و چربی‌ها در چهار خور بندرعباس، بیشتر از حد استاندارد محیط زیست بود. اختلاف توزیع زمانی و مکانی آلاینده‌های کیفی آب در سطح 95 درصد معنادار بود و بیشینۀ آن در خور گورسوزان و از لحاظ زمانی نیز بهترتیب در تابستان، بهار، پاییز و زمستان بود. الگوی متوسط غلظت فلزات سنگین در رسوبات Zn>Cu>Pb>Cd بود که بهترتیب میانگین غلظت آنها 20/103، 55/52، 95/19 و 611/0 میلیگرم در کیلوگرم اندازهگیری شد. بیشینۀ غلظت فلزات سنگین در خور گورسوزان بود و ارزیابی آلودگی فلزات سنگین در رسوبات با شاخص‌های Igeo، CF، mdc و PLI نشان داد کادمیوم، مس و سرب در چهار خور بندرعباس، در طبقۀ آلودگی متوسط تا شدید قرار دارند. غلظت زیاد فلزات سنگین بیانگر تأثیر فعالیت‌های انسانی شامل تخلیۀ پساب‌های شهری به کانال خور است. نتایج پایش کیفی نشاندهندۀ شدت زیاد آلودگی در ساحل بندرعباس است که اکوسیستم آبزیان را با خطر انقراض تهدید می‌کند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اکسیژن محلول؛ پساب شهری؛ خور گورسوزان؛ شاخص بار آلودگی؛ فلزات سنگین | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Measurement and evaluation of water pollution and coastal sediments in estuaries of Bandar Abbas | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| ahmad nohegar1؛ samaneh habibi2؛ Mahmoud Behrouzi3 | ||
| 1Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran | ||
| 2Watershed Management Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Hormozgan University, Bandar Abbas | ||
| 3Environmental Hazards, Malayer University,, Malayer, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| one of the problems that threatens coastal ecology is the entry of urban wastewater into the sea by estuaries. Discharge of wastewater into the four estuaries of Bandar Abbas pollutes the coast of the Persian Gulf, which is a priority for the development of management strategies to reduce the risk of pollution. In order to achieve this approach, the present study measured the physicochemical parameters of water and heavy metals in the sediments of the four estuaries of Bandar Abbas, including Sooro, Goursoozan, Shilat and Nakhle Nakhoda estuaries during four seasons in 2019 and Evaluated by pollution indicators. The results showed that the concentrations of DO, BOD, COD, TSS, Cd, Zn, NO3, PO4, detergent and oils in the four estuaries of Bandar Abbas were higher than the environmental standard. The difference in temporal and spatial distribution of water quality pollutants was significant at the level of 95% and its maximum was in Goursoozan and in terms of time in summer, spring, autumn and winter, respectively. The average pattern of heavy metal concentration in the sediments was Zn> Cu> Pb> Cd which mean concentrations was 103.20, 52.55, 19.95 and 0.611 mg/kg, respectively. The maximum metals were in Goursoozan and the evaluation of metal in sediments with Igeo, CF, mdc and PLI indices showed that Cd, Cu and Pb in four estuaries of Bandar Abbas, in the category of moderate to severe pollution. High concentrations of heavy metals indicated the impact of human activities, including the discharge of wastewater into the estuary. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Dissolved oxygen, Heavy metals, wastewater of Urban, Goursoozan estuary, Pollution load index | ||
| مراجع | ||
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