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اثر سطوح مختلف آبیاری و کود نیتروژن بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد برخی ارقام گلرنگ در استان البرز | ||
به زراعی کشاورزی | ||
مقاله 4، دوره 24، شماره 3، مهر 1401، صفحه 761-775 اصل مقاله (938.76 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jci.2021.322613.2542 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
فاطمه قبادی1؛ ناصر مجنون حسینی* 2؛ مصطفی اویسی3؛ غلام عباس اکبری4 | ||
1دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران. | ||
2استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران. | ||
3دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران. | ||
4دانشیار، گروه علوم زراعی و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، پاکدشت، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
جهت بررسی اثر سطوح مختلف آبیاری و کود نیتروژن بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد برخی ارقام گلرنگ در استان البرز، آزمایشی بهصورت کرتهای دوبار خرد شده با سه فاکتور در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال زراعی 98-1397 و در مزرعه تحقیقاتی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران واقع در کرج اجرا شد. فاکتور اصلی سطوح آبیاری (معمول، تا نیمه گلدهی و آبیاری تا آغاز پر شدن دانه)، فاکتور فرعی کود نیتروژن (100 و 50 د صد نیاز گیاه) و فرعی فرعی ارقام پدیده، پرنیان، گلدشت و گلمهر بودند. اثر فاکتورهای آبیاری، نیتروژن و رقم در صفات تعداد طبق در بوته، تعداد دانه در طبق، وزن هزاردانه، عملکرد دانه و زیست توده معنیدار بود. قطع آبیاری در مرحله آغاز دانهبندی و 50 درصد گلدهی به ترتیب منجربه کاهش 2/16 و 1/68 درصدی عملکرد دانه نسبت به آبیاری معمول گردید. با کاهش 50درصدی نیتروژن نسبت به تأمین کامل آن، عملکرد دانه 5/8 درصد و زیست توده 12 درصد کاهش یافت. برهمکنش سهگانه آبیاری، کود و رقم در صفات قطر ساقه و طبق معنیدار شد. رقم گلمهر بیشترین و رقم گلدشت کمترین قطر ساقه را در سطوح مختلف آبیاری و کود نشان دادند. برهمکنش سطوح آبیاری و نیتروژن نشان داد که با کاهش سطوح آبیاری، جذب نیتروژن نیز کاهش یافته و باعث کاهش تعداد دانه در طبق میشود با این وجود تأمین 100درصد نیاز نیتروژن درشرایط تنش خشکی مانع افت شدیدتر تعداد دانه در طبق میشود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
تأمین کود نیتروژن؛ تعداد طبق؛ زیست توده؛ قطع آبیاری؛ وزن هزاردانه | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Effect of Different Levels of Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Some Safflower Cultivars in Alborz Province | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Fatemeh Ghobadi1؛ Nasser Majnoun Hosseini2؛ Mostafa Oveisi3؛ Gholam Akbari4 | ||
1Ph.D. Student, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agriculture and Natural Resources Campus, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. | ||
2Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agriculture and Natural Resources Campus, University of Tehran, karaj, Iran. | ||
3Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agriculture and Natural Resources Campus, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. | ||
4Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Sciences, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran. | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
To investigate the effect of different levels of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer on yield and yield components of some safflower cultivars, an experiment was conducted as a split-split plot in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications in the research farms of the University of Tehran, Karaj during 2018-2019. Main plots were irrigation (normal irrigation, irrigation until at middle of flowering stage and irrigation until the beginning of seed filling), sub plots were nitrogen (supply of 100 % and 50 % of nitrogen needs) and sub-sub plots were safflower cultivars (Goldasht, Golmehr, Padideh and Parnian). The effect of irrigation, nitrogen, and cultivar factors on number of heads per plant, number of seeds per head, 1000-seed weight, grain yield, and biomass were significant. According to the results, cut-off of irrigation at the beginning of seed filling and middle of flowering stages leads to a reduction of 16.2 % and 68.1 % of seed yield compared to normal irrigation, respectively. Reducing the amount of nitrogen by 50 % compared to 100 % supply decreases seed yield 8.5 % and biomass by 12 %. The triple interaction of irrigation, fertilizer and cultivar was significant in stem diameter and head diameter. The interaction of irrigation and nitrogen levels showed that with decreasing irrigation levels, nitrogen uptake also decreased and reduced the number of seed per head. However, providing 100 % of the nitrogen requirement under drought stress conditions prevents a more severe decline in the number of grains per head. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Biomass؛ Cut-off of irrigation؛ Nitrogen fertilizer supply؛ Number of head, 1000 Seed weight | ||
مراجع | ||
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