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تاب‌آوری ساختمان‌های مهم شهر همدان در برابر سیلاب با استفاده از مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری لیزرل | ||
| مدیریت مخاطرات محیطی | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 8، شماره 3، مهر 1400، صفحه 207-228 اصل مقاله (1.13 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی کاربردی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jhsci.2021.329891.672 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| بیتا روحی1؛ مهناز میرزا ابراهیم طهرانی* 2؛ علیرضا استعلاجی3؛ محمد رضا فرزاد بهتاش4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت محیط زیست علوم و فنون دریایی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال | ||
| 2استادیار مدیریت محیط زیست علوم و فنون دریایی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال | ||
| 3استاد جغرافیا، علوم انسانی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد یادگار امام خمینی (ره) شهرری | ||
| 4استادیار شهرسازی دانشکدۀ فنی مهندسی و علوم و فنون دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در این تحقیق، برای دستیابی به مدل تاب‌آوری ساختمان‌های واجد اهمیت در برابر سیل، ابتدا دارایی‌های شهر با استفاده از معیارها و زیرمعیارهای سطح‌بندی شناسایی شده و در بستر GIS مکان‌نمایی شدند. سپس با کمک نرم‌افزار HecRAS جریان رودخانه‌ها، مدل‌سازی شد و بازه‌های فاقد ظرفیت گذردهی سیلاب تعیین و در بستر GIS مشخص شد و با انطباق هر دو لایۀ مراکز ثقل آسیب‌پذیر، مؤلفه‌های تاب‌آوری ساختمان احصا شد. با استفاده از مدل تحلیل عاملی ساختاری و نرم‌افزار مدل‌سازی لیزرل مشخص شد که مؤلفه‌های سازگاری– انعطاف، اتصال بازخورد ایمن شکست، وابستگی به اکوسیستم‌های محیطی، تنوع، یادگیری- حافظه- پیش‌بینی، عملکرد، سرعت پاسخگویی، افزونگی قطعه‌بندی، تدبیر، و استحکام، متغیرهای اثرگذار بر تاب‌آوری ساختمان در سیلاب هستند. پس از مدل‌یابی تاب‌آوری ساختمان‌ها، با استفاده از روش TOPSIS, AHP و تعیین ایده‌آل مثبت و راه‌حل ایده‌آل منفی، تاب‌آوری ساختمان‌ها نمره‌دهی شد و مشخص شد که بیشترین مقدار ایده‌آل مثبت مربوط به شاخص افزونگی تعادل با اثرهای بالقوه آبشاری است که مقدار آن برابر 257/0 است و کمترین مقدار ایده‌آل منفی هم مربوط به شاخص مقاومت در برابر سطحی از تنش است که مقدار آن برابر 02/0 است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تاب‌آوری ساختمان؛ سیلاب؛ مراکز کلیدی شهر؛ نرم‌افزار مدل‌سازی لیزرل؛ همدان | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Resilience of key buildings in Hamedan against floods using LISREL structural equation modeling | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Bita Roohi1؛ Mahnaz Mirza Ebrahim Tehrani2؛ Alireza Estalaji3؛ Mohammad Reza Farzad Behtash4 | ||
| 1PhD Student in Environmental Management, Marine Science and Technology, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch | ||
| 2Assistant Professor of Environmental Management, Marine Science and Technology, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch | ||
| 3Professor of Geography, Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Imam Khomeini Memorial Branch, City of Ray | ||
| 4Assistant Professor of Architectural Engineering - Urban Planning, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Introduction Urban floods have been exacerbated by climate change and urbanization, as well as restrictions on the drainage of urban infrastructure, and over the past decade have had many negative effects on cities around the world [4]. As a result, the demand for more resilience has not been successful in many cases [2]. Accordingly, the resilience of key urban buildings is one of the necessities of urban resilience [3]. In this regard, research on urban resilience in events such as floods was reviewed, some of the most important of which are mentioned below. In 2019, Wang and colleagues evaluated the resilience of the urban basin to floods, and the CADDIES model was used to simulate floods. Based on the results, vulnerable basins were identified and strategies were developed to increase the city's resilience to floods [4]. In 2019, Barajas et al. worked on an article on the resilience of urban buildings in the face of flood risk in the Mexican metropolitan area, and addressed the resilience of buildings in Mexico City during the floods of recent decades. Findings show that building resilience is a complex and sequential process that of course depends on social, economic and institutional conditions [1]. Research Methods In this research, in order to achieve the model of resilience of important buildings against floods, data analysis is performed in several stages, which include the following: 1- Identification of significant assets 2- Modeling river flow using HecRAS software 3- Adaptation of assets and modeling results from rivers in different return periods 4- Counting assets affected by floods 5- Modeling of building resilience components using structural equation modeling of LISREL software 6-Counting and ranking the components extracted from the model using AHP-TOPSIS combined method 7- Ranking of key buildings affected by floods using AHP-TOPSIS combined method Discussion and conclusion The asset layers of the city of Hamedan and the rivers of the city have been adapted in the GIS context and five buildings of the University of Technology, the Faculty of Art and Architecture, Payam-e Noor University, the Blood Transfusion Building and the Amiran Hotel have been identified as vulnerable centers of Hamedan. Conclusion Components (adaptability-flexibility, connection of failure-safe feedback, dependence on environmental ecosystems, diversity, learning-memory-prediction, performance, response speed, fragmentation redundancy, resourcefulness, and robustness) are effective variables on flood resilience of buildings. In testing the hypothesis using the structural equation model, the software output indicates the suitability of the fitted structural model to test the research hypotheses. Weighting indicators Resilience components Sub-components of resilience Weight Compatibility - Flexibility Change while maintaining or improving performance 0.049 Evolution 0.045 Adopt alternative strategies quickly 0.05 Timely response to changing circumstances 0.027 Open design and flexible structures 0.049 Connection - Feedback - Safety - Failure Shock absorption 0.007 Absorb the cumulative effects of challenges with a slow start 0.012 Avoid catastrophic failure if you exceed the threshold 0.007 Gradual failure instead of sudden 0.013 Failure without cascading effects (demino effect) 0.024 Parallel analysis of technology system - human 0.005 Identify locking effects and possible discrepancies with reduction 0.014 Identify synergies with other city policies, value added estimation 0.015 Dependence on local ecosystems Flood control 0.012 Bioclimatic design and management 0.006 Resilience components Sub-components of resilience Weight Variety Spatial diversity - key assets and tasks that are physically distributed and not all of them are affected by a specific event at any time 0.0146 Functional Diversity - Multiple methods of dealing with a particular need 0.021 Balance variation with potential cascading effects 0.013 Learning-Memory - Prediction Learn from past experiences and failures 0.003 Use information and experience to create fresh compatibility 0.003 Avoid repeating past mistakes 0.005 Collect, store, and share experiences 0.009 Construction based on long-term value and city history 0.007 Integrate resilience into long-term development scenarios 0.02 Function Performance capacity 0.056 System quality in a suitable and efficient way 0.013 Self-sufficiency - reducing external dependence 0.019 It performs better than other buildings 0.039 Response speed In taking casualties, including mortality and disease 0.007 Reorganize 0.015 Maintain performance and re-establish it 0.032 Restore structure 0.017 Establish public order 0.013 Prevent disruption in the future 0.005 Redundancy - fragmentation Systems replacement or systems agents 0.054 Buffer from external shocks or changes in demand 0.013 Replacing components with modular parts 0.026 Balance redundancy with potential cascading effects 0.077 plan Identify and predict problems 0.013 Prioritize 0.011 Mobilize resources of visualization, planning, collaboration and action 0.014 re-evaluation 0.006 Integrate resilience into work and management processes 0.052 Getting cooperation from citizens 0.03 Strength Surface resistance to stress 0.003 No degradation and loss of performance 0.015 Capacities that ensure adequate margins 0.006 | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Building Resilience, Flood, Hamedan, LISREL Modeling Software, Key City Centers | ||
| مراجع | ||
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