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پوراتشی, مهتاب. (1401). عوامل فردی و آموزشی موثر بر دانش، نگرش و نیت کارآفرینانه دانشجویان کشاورزی: مطالعه مقطعی مکرر (مورد مطالعه: پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران). , 53(4), 957-971. doi: 10.22059/ijaedr.2022.337025.669121
مهتاب پوراتشی. "عوامل فردی و آموزشی موثر بر دانش، نگرش و نیت کارآفرینانه دانشجویان کشاورزی: مطالعه مقطعی مکرر (مورد مطالعه: پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران)". , 53, 4, 1401, 957-971. doi: 10.22059/ijaedr.2022.337025.669121
پوراتشی, مهتاب. (1401). 'عوامل فردی و آموزشی موثر بر دانش، نگرش و نیت کارآفرینانه دانشجویان کشاورزی: مطالعه مقطعی مکرر (مورد مطالعه: پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران)', , 53(4), pp. 957-971. doi: 10.22059/ijaedr.2022.337025.669121
پوراتشی, مهتاب. عوامل فردی و آموزشی موثر بر دانش، نگرش و نیت کارآفرینانه دانشجویان کشاورزی: مطالعه مقطعی مکرر (مورد مطالعه: پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران). , 1401; 53(4): 957-971. doi: 10.22059/ijaedr.2022.337025.669121

عوامل فردی و آموزشی موثر بر دانش، نگرش و نیت کارآفرینانه دانشجویان کشاورزی: مطالعه مقطعی مکرر (مورد مطالعه: پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران)

تحقیقات اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی ایران
مقاله 6، دوره 53، شماره 4، دی 1401، صفحه 957-971    اصل مقاله (754.14 K)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijaedr.2022.337025.669121
نویسنده
مهتاب پوراتشی*
دانشیار موسسه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی آموزش عالی،‌تهران، ایران
چکیده
کارآفرینی و کارآفرینان از عوامل مهم تحول در پیشرفت و توسعه کشور هستند. بنابراین، ضرورت دارد که این حوزه موضوعی مورد توجه ویژه پژوهشگران، برنامه­ریزان، و سیاست­گزاران قرار گیرد. هدف پژوهش حاضر پاسخ به این سوال است که آیا سطح دانش، نگرش و نیت کارآفرینانه دانشجویان نسبت به سال­های گذشته تغییر یافته است یا خیر. و آیا تاثیرگذاری عوامل فردی و آموزشی بر دانش، نگرش و نیت کارآفرینانه دانشجویان با گذشت زمان تغییری یافته­اند یا خیر. پژوهش با استفاده از روش پیمایش مقطعی مکرر صورت گرفت. جامعه آماری، دانشجویان سال آخر کارشناسی کشاورزی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع­طبیعی دانشگاه تهران در سال تحصیلی 93-92 (گروه الف) و 99-98 (گروه ب) بود که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران، نمونه آماری به­شمار 120 تن از گروه الف و 98 تن از گروه ب انتخاب شد. ابزار اصلی برای گردآوری داده­ها پرسشنامه بود. روایی و پایایی پرسشنامه با نظرخواهی از تعدادی از استادان و صاحب­نظران و محاسبه آلفای کرونباخ بررسی و تایید شد (دانش کارآفرینی= 82/0، نگرش کارآفرینی= 91/0، نیت کارآفرینانه= 88/0). داده­ها با استفاده از نرم­افزار SPSS و در دو بخش آمار توصیفی و استنباطی تحلیل گردید. یافته­ها نشان داد سطح دانش، نگرش و نیت کارآفرینانه دانشجویان نسبت به سال­های گذشته تغییر نموده و به­طور معنی­داری ارتقا یافته است. یافته­های به­دست آمده از تاثیر دوره آموزش کارآفرینی، تجربه کارآفرینی، و داشتن خانواده کارآفرین بر دانش، نگرش و نیت کارآفرینانه دانشجویان کشاورزی حکایت داشت. علاوه بر این، رابطه مثبت و معنی­داری بین متغیرهای دانش کارآفرینی و نگرش کارآفرینی با متغیر نیت کارآفرینانه دانشجویان مشاهده شد. در مجموع نتایج پژوهش، موضوع امیدبخش و انگیزه­آفرینی را نشان می­دهد که بالتبع، با بهبود قوانین و مقررات کارآفرینی و شاخص­های سهولت کسب­و­کار می­توان شاهد تبدیل نیت کارآفرینی افراد به فعالیت کارآفرینی شد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
مطالعه مقطعی مکرر؛ دانش کارآفرینی؛ نگرش کارآفرینی؛ نیت کارآفرینانه؛ دانشجویان کشاورزی
عنوان مقاله [English]
Individual and Educational Factors Affecting Entrepreneurial Knowledge, Attitude and Intention of Agricultural Students: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study (Case: College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tehran University)
نویسندگان [English]
Mahtab Pouratashi
Associate Professor, Higher Education Research and Planning Institute, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
Entrepreneurship and entrepreneurs are important factors in the development of the country and therefore, it is necessary that this subject area be given special attention by researchers, planners, and policy makers. The purpose of this study is to answer the question of whether the level of entrepreneurial knowledge, attitude and intention of students has changed compared to previous years or not; and whether the impact of individual and educational factors on students' entrepreneurial knowledge, attitudes and intentions has changed over the time. The study used repeated cross-sectional design. The statistical population consisted of senior students at the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tehran University in the academic year 2013-14 (group A) and 2019-20 (group B). 120 students from group A and 98 students from group B were selected. The main instrument for data collection was questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed by views of professors and experts and Cronbach's alpha (knowledge= .82, attitude= .91, intention= .88). Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Findings showed that the level of entrepreneurial knowledge, attitude and intention of students has changed compared to previous years and has improved significantly. Findings indicated the impact of entrepreneurship courses, entrepreneurial experience, and entrepreneurial family on entrepreneurial knowledge, attitude and intention of agricultural students. In addition, there were positive and significant relationships between students' entrepreneurship knowledge and entrepreneurship attitude with entrepreneurial intention. Totally, the results show a promising and motivating issue that, consequently, by improving entrepreneurship rules and regulations and business ease indicators, we can see the transformation of entrepreneurial intentions into entrepreneurial activity.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
repeated cross-sectional study, entrepreneurship knowledge, entrepreneurship attitude, entrepreneurial intention, agricultural students
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آمار
تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 411
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