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Theory of “Ethical Leadership” in the governmental conduct of Imām ‘Alī (a) and the approaches of management: a comparative study of the elements with an emphasis on Nahj al-Balāgha | ||
| Journal of Contemporary Islamic Studies | ||
| دوره 5، شماره 2، مهر 2023، صفحه 159-179 اصل مقاله (1.06 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Scholary | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jcis.2022.327656.1186 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| Muhsin Rafat* | ||
| Department of Hadīth Science, Faculty of Humanities, Hazrat-e Masoumeh University, Qom, Iran | ||
| چکیده | ||
| The theory of “Ethical Leadership” is one of the new notions which earnestly found its way into the management literature at the last decades of the twentieth century. According to this theory, besides the significance of enforcing ethical laws for the society or the organizations, scientists hold the demonstration of ethical behaviors by the leader of the society in the personal and social relations as well as the transfer of these norms to the common people via various ways play the main role in the realization of social ethics and the advancement of sublime goals. Because in Islam it is necessary to know, analyze, and explicate the elements of “ethical leadership,” the present article attempts to investigate the elements of the aforesaid theory in the governmental conduct of Imām Alī (a) with a descriptive-analytical approach. Moreover, for this goal it tries to provide a suitable and evidence-based model which can be analyzed and assessed based on the leadership theories in the knowledge of management. Therefore, the goal of this research is to analyze the elements of this theory and compare them with the approach of Imām Alī (a). To do so, via a narrative approach with the pivotal role of Nahj al-Balāgha, the elements of “ethical leadership” in the talks and behavior of Imām are extracted and analyzed; and with the provision of tangible instances of his life, it is shown these elements can be operational. The obtained results show that the aforesaid elements contain all the personal, ideological, relational, managerial, etc. indexes both in personal and social dimensions and can efficiently act as a model for leading the society. There can be seen, of course, ideological differences in some aspects like in self-control. Thus, despite noticeable similarities, these differences accentuate the discrepancy of this theory with the political and governmental thought and teachings of Imām ‘Alī (a). | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| Ethical leadership؛ Theory of leadership؛ Ethics؛ Nahj al-Balāgha؛ Management؛ Imām ‘Alī (a) | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| تئوری «رهبری اخلاقی» در سیره حکومتی امام علی(ع) و رهیافت‌های دانش مدیریت: مطالعه تطبیقی مؤلفه‌ها با تأکید بر نهج‌البلاغه | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| محسن رفعت | ||
| استادیار و عضو هیئت علمی گروه علوم قرآن و حدیث دانشگاه حضرت معصومه سلام الله علیها | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| تئوری«رهبری اخلاقی» از نظریات نوپدیدی است که در دهه‌های پایانی قرن بیست میلادی بطور جدّی درادبیات مدیریت وارد شده است.براساس این نظریه دانشمندان معتقدنددرکناراهمیت وضع وتدوین قوانین اخلاق‌مدارانه برای جامعه یاسازمان، ظهوررفتارهای اخلاقی ازجانب رهبراجتماع درروابط فردی واجتماعی وانتقال این هنجارهابه آحادجامعه ازطرق مختلف،نقش اصلی را درتحقق اخلاق اجتماعی وپیشبرداهداف والا ایفامی‌کند. بنابه ضرورت شناخت، تحلیل وتبیین مؤلفههای«رهبری اخلاق‌مدارانه» ازمنظراسلام، پژوهش حاضربارویکرد توصیفی-تحلیلی به بررسی مؤلفههای تئوری مذکوردرسیره حکومتی امام علی(ع)ایشان پرداخته وتلاش می‌کند الگویی مناسب ومستند دراین راستا ارائه کندکه براساس تئوری‌های رهبری درعلم مدیریت قابل تحلیل وارزیابی باشد. لذا هدف از این پژوهش، تحلیل مؤلفههای این تئوری و تطبیق آن با رویکرد امامعلی(ع) است. بدین منظور در رهیافتی روایی با محوریت نهج‌البلاغه، به استخراج وتحلیل مؤلفههای«رهبری اخلاقی» در گفتار ورفتار امام پرداخته وبا ارائه نمونه‌های عینی از زندگی ایشان، عملیاتی بودن آن‌ها را نشان می‌دهد. نتایج به‌دست آمده نشان می‌دهد که مؤلفههای مزبور در دو بُعد فردی واجتماعی تمام شاخص‌های فردی، ایدئولوژیکی، ارتباطاتی، مدیریتی و ... را دربرگرفته، می‌توانند به عنوان الگو برای رهبری جامعه مؤثر واقع شوند که البته در برخی ابعاد مانند خویشتن‌داری، تفاوت‌هایی ایدئولوژیکی نمودار است واز این‌رو علی‌رغم مُشابهت‌های قابل توجه، زاویه این تئوری را با اندیشه وآموزه‌های سیاسی وحاکمیتی امامعلی(ع)برجسته‌‌تر نشان می‌دهد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| رهبری اخلاقی, اخلاق, نهج البلاغه, مدیریت, امام علی(ع) | ||
| مراجع | ||
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