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فعالیت ضد‌قارچی قارچ‌های درون‌زی جداشده از قارچ خوراکی دکمه‌ای سفید (Agaricus bisporus)، علیه برخی عوامل بیماری‌زای قارچی آن | ||
| کنترل بیولوژیک آفات و بیماری های گیاهی | ||
| دوره 10، شماره 1، خرداد 1400، صفحه 1-15 اصل مقاله (660.49 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jbioc.2022.331249.311 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| کوثر شیرازی1؛ محمد سالاری2؛ محمد جوان‌نیکخواه* 3؛ مهدی پیرنیا4؛ محمدرضا آصف5 | ||
| 1گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران. | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران. | ||
| 3استاد/پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 4دانشیار گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران. | ||
| 5بخش تحقیقات رستنیها، مؤسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در این پژوهش، تاثیر قارچ‌های درون‌زی (mycoendobiont) جداشده از قارچ دکمه‌ای سفید علیه قارچ‌های Mycogone perniciosa، Lecanicillium fungicula و Trichoderma harzianum، به‌عنوان عوامل بیماری‌زای مهم آن، برای کاربرد جهت مهار زیستی و جایگزینی ترکیبات شیمیایی بررسی گردید. جدایه‌های درون‌زی از کلاهک، تیغه و ساقه اندام‌های کاملا سالم قارچ دکمه‌ای که از سالن‌های پرورش عمده کشت قارچ در کشور، جمع‌آوری‌شده بودند، جداسازی شدند. این جدایه‌ها ابتدا در آزمون کشت متقابل علیه جدایه‌های بیمارگر قارچ دکمه‌ای غربال و سپس از بین آنها جدایه‌های موثر برای آزمایش‌های گلخانه‌ای انتخاب شدند. اسپان قارچ دکمه‌ای با جدایه‌های منتخب تیمار شد و درصد وقوع بیماری ناشی از عوامل بیمارگر و نیز شاخص‌های رشدی، تعیین شدند. تمام جدایه‌های درون‌زی مورد آزمایش، توانایی محدود کردن و رقابت با بیمارگرها را داشتند و وقوع بیماری حباب‌تر (M. perniciosa) را به میزان 42/21 تا 61/97 درصد، بیماری حباب خشک (L. fungicula) را به میزان 63/60 تا 80/96 درصد و بیماری کپک سبز (T. harzianum) را به میزان 28/64 تا 93/96 درصد کنترل کردند. این آزمون در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی و با سه تکرار انجام شد. گونه‌های درون‌زی Fusarium venenatum و Clonostachys rosea بیشترین اثر بازدارندگی از رشد را در برابر هر سه بیمارگر نشان دادند. همچنین، جدایه Scedosporium apiospermum دارای اثر بازدارندگی از رشد در برابر دو قارچ بیمارگر M. perniciosa و T. harzianum بود. این پژوهش نشان داد که قارچ‌های درون‌زی قارچ دکمه‌ای می‌توانند به عنوان عوامل مهار زیستی و بهبود دهنده رشد قارچ دکمه‌ای با هدف کاربردی نمودن آنها مورد توجه قرار گیرند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| مهار زیستی؛ بیمارگر؛ همزیست؛ اسپان | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Antifungal activity of mycoendobiont fungi isolated from white button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus), against some its fungal pathogens | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Kowsar Shirazi1؛ Mohammad Salari2؛ Mohammad Javan Nikkhah3؛ Mahdi pirnia4؛ Mohammad Reza Asef5 | ||
| 1Plant Protection,Faculty of Agriculture, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran. | ||
| 2Associate Professor of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran. | ||
| 3Professor of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tehran University, Karaj, Iran. | ||
| 4Associate Professor of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran. | ||
| 5Department of Botany, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In this study, the effect of mycoendobiont fungi isolated from white button mushroom against Mycogone perniciosa, Lecanicillium fungicula and Trichoderma harzianum, as its important pathogens, was investigated for use in biological control and replacement of chemical compound. Isolates of mycoendobiont fungi were isolated from the cap, gills and stalk of healthy white button mushroom, collected from major mushroom growing farms in Iran. These isolates screened against aggressive strains mentioned above in dual culture tests and the most effective isolates were selected for greenhouse experiments. White button mushroom spawn was treated with the mycoendobiont fungi and disease incidence and growth parameters were measured. All mycoendobiont isolates tested were able to inhibit and compete with pathogens and controlled the incidence of wet bubble disease (M. perniciosa) from 21.42% to 97.61%, dry bubble disease (L. fungicula) from 60.63% to 96.80% and green mold disease (T. harzianum) from 64.28 to 96.93%. This test was performed in a completely randomized design with Three replications. Mycoendobiont isolates of Fusarium venenatum and Clonostachys rosea had the greatest inhibitory effect on the growth of all pathogens. In addition, Scedosporium apiospermum had a high growth inhibitory effect against M. perniciosa and T. harzianum. According to the results, mycoendobiont fungi of white button mushroom could be considered as the biocontrol agents and growth promoting with the aim of applying them in future. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Biocontrol, pathogen, symbiosis, spawn | ||
| مراجع | ||
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