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ارزیابی ویژگی های عملکردی ژنوتیپ های گوار (لوبیای خوشه ای) تحت شرایط دیم و آبیاری تکمیلی | ||
به زراعی کشاورزی | ||
مقاله 20، دوره 25، شماره 1، فروردین 1402، صفحه 297-311 اصل مقاله (800.43 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jci.2022.337052.2664 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
هادی شوریده1؛ حیدر مفتاحی زاده* 2؛ محدثه حیدرزاده3؛ عبدالله یوسفی* 4 | ||
1مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان شمالی، بجنورد، ایران. رایانامه: h.shoorideh@ut.ac.ir | ||
2نویسنده مسئول، گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اردکان، یزد، ایران. رایانامه: Hmeftahizade@ardakan.ac.ir | ||
3گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران. رایانامه: m.heydarzade90@gmail.com | ||
4سازمان جهاد کشاورزی خراسان شمالی، بجنورد، ایران. رایانامه: abdollah.youssefi@gmail.com | ||
چکیده | ||
بهمنظور بررسی پاسخهای عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ژنوتیپهای گوار (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) به آبیاری تکمیلی در شرایط دیم، مطالعهای دو ساله در قالب کرتهای نواری خردشده بر پایه طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در ایستگاههای تحقیقاتی شیروان، کهنهکند و محمدآباد خراسان شمالی در سالهای زراعی 1399-1398 به اجرا درآمد. فاکتور اصلی شامل سطوح آبیاری در سه سطح دیم، دو آبیاری (پس از کاشت و زمان دانهبستن) و سه آبیاری (پس از کاشت، هنگام تشکیل غلاف و زمان دانهبستن) و فاکتور فرعی شامل ژنوتیپهای گوار در چهار سطح شامل سه ژنوتیپ RGC-1077،RGC-1036 ، RGC-1025 و توده محلی چابهار بود. نتایج تجزیه مرکب نشان داد که بین ژنوتیپهای مختلف تفاوت معنیداری بهجز در صفت تعداد روز تا گلدهی وجود نداشت. از طرفی اثر تیمار آبیاری تکمیلی بر ویژگیهای عملکردی نسبت به شرایط دیم مشهود بود، اما تفاوت معنیداری بین دو و سه بار آبیاری تکمیلی مشاهده نشد. عملکرد دانه گوار در سال اول و دوم در منطقه آشخانه به میزان (5/750 و 1/219 کیلوگرم در هکتار) برتر از بجنورد و شیروان است. بیشترین عملکرد دانه (590 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در سال اول از تیمار دو بار آبیاری و در سال دوم (51/271 کیلوگرم در هکتار) از تیمار سهبار آبیاری بهدست آمد. در بین ژنوتیپهای آزمایشی بیشترین عملکرد دانه متعلق به ژنوتیپ RGC-1025 بود. بهطور کلی میتوان کشت گوار ژنوتیپ RGC-1025 را در منطقه آشخانه توصیه کرد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
اجزای عملکرد؛ تنش آبی؛ توده محلی؛ درصد صمغ؛ صفات فنولوژیکی | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Evaluation of Guar Genotypes (Cluster Beans) Characteristics Under Rainfed and Supplementary Irrigation Conditions | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
Hadi Shooride1؛ Heidar Meftahizade2؛ Mohaddese Heydarzade3؛ Abdollah Yousefi4 | ||
1North Khorasan Agricultural & Natural Resources Research & Education Center, Bojnourd, Iran. E-mail: h.shoorideh@ut.ac.ir | ||
2Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Ardakan University, Yazd, Iran. E-mail: hmeftahizade@ardakan.ac.ir | ||
3Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran. E-mail: m.heydarzade90@gmail.com | ||
4North Khorasan Agricultural Jahad, Bojnourd, Iran. E-mail: abdollah.youssefi@gmail.com | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
In order to investigate the yield and yield components of Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) genotypes to supplementary irrigation in rainfed conditions, a two-year study has been conducted in the form of split strip plots based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at stations Shirvan, Kohnehkand and Mohammadabad research stations in North Khorasan during 2019-2020 cropping years. The main factor includes irrigation levels at three levels: rainfed, two irrigations (after planting and filling seed time), and three irrigations (after planting, pod formation and filling seed), with the second factor being guar genotypes at four levels. The three Genotypes include RGC-1077, RGC-1036, RGC-1025, and Chabahar local population. Results of the combined analysis show that there has been no significant difference between genotype except in the number of days to flowering. On the other hand, the effect of supplementary irrigation treatment on yield characteristics compared to rainfed conditions is significant, though there has not been any significant difference between two and three times of supplementary irrigation. Guar seed yield in the first and second years in the Ashkhaneh region (750.5 and 219.1 kg.ha-1) outperforms Bojnourd and Shirvan. The highest grain yield (590 kg.ha-1) is obtained in the first year from double irrigation and in the second year (271.51 kg.ha-1) from three irrigations. Among the experimental genotypes, the highest grain yield belongs to the RGC-1025 genotype. In general, guar culture of the RGC-1025 genotype can be recommended in the Ashkhaneh area.. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Gum, Local population, Phonological traits, Water stress, Yield components | ||
مراجع | ||
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