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بررسی روند تغییرات کمیت و شوری آب زیرزمینی و عوامل مؤثر بر آن در حوضه شیراز با استفاده از داده‌های زمینی و سنجش‌ازدور | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 53، شماره 7، مهر 1401، صفحه 1645-1658 اصل مقاله (1.99 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2022.343550.669281 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| شهره دیداری* 1؛ ساره عاجی2؛ فروغ گلکار1 | ||
| 1استادیار، بخش مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران | ||
| 2دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، بخش مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| افت سطح ایستابی و پیامدهای آن در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک به دلیل بهره‌برداری بی‌رویه از منابع آب زیرزمینی یکی از چالش‌های پیش رو در سال‌های آینده خواهد بود. ازاین‌رو در این پژوهش به بررسی روند سطح آب زیرزمینی و شوری آن در حوضه شهر شیراز در طی دوره آماری 27 ساله (1372- 1399) پرداخته شد. بررسی سری زمانی تراز سطح ایستابی حاصل از چاه‌های پیزومتری با استفاده از آزمون من‌کندال نشان‌دهنده روند معنی‌دار کاهشی است؛ به‌طوری‌که روند منفی تغییرات سطح ایستابی بعد از نقطه تغییر در خردادماه 1381 به 8/2 برابر دوره قبل از خود افزایش یافته است. همچنین امکان کاربرد داده‌های حاصل از ماهواره GRACE به‌منظور پایش سطح آب زیرزمینی موردبررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج حاکی از دقت بسیار خوب (NRMSE<10%) سری‌های مختلف داده GRACE در تخمین تغییرات سطح آب زیرزمینی است. بررسی شوری آب زیرزمینی با استفاده از داده‌های هدایت الکتریکی (EC) نشان‌دهنده روند افزایشی شوری در سطح حوضه بود. عوامل مؤثر بر روند کاهشی کمیت و کیفیت آب زیرزمینی عواملی چون مقدار بارندگی، جمعیت و پوشش گیاهی حاصل از ماهواره Landsat موردبررسی قرار گرفت. با توجه به نتایج حاصل‌شده مشاهده شد که داده‌های بارندگی در حوضه دارای روند معنی‌دار نیست. از طرفی روند افزایشی جمعیت و پوشش گیاهی در حوضه و نبود منابع آب سطحی منجر به افزایش چشمگیر برداشت از منابع آب زیرزمینی گردیده است که در برنامه‌ریزی‌ها، پایداری سرزمین بایستی موردتوجه جدی مدیران قرار گیرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| سطح آب زیرزمینی؛ هدایت الکتریکی؛ GRACE؛ روند من‌کندال؛ Landsat | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigating quantity and salinity trend of groundwater in Shiraz basin and its affecting factors using in situ and remote sensing data | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Shohreh Didari1؛ Sareh Aji2؛ Foroogh Golkar1 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran | ||
| 2M.Sc. Student, Department of Water Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Declining water table and its consequences due to overexploitation of groundwater resources will be one of the challenges in the coming years in arid and semi-arid areas. Therefore, in this study, the groundwater level and its salinity in Shiraz basin for 27 years (1993-2020) was investigated. The trend of the water table time series was analyzed using Mann-Kendall test. Result shows a significantly decreasing trend; So that the negative trend of water table after the change point in June 2002 has increased to 2.8 times of the previous period. The possibility of using Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite data to monitor the groundwater level was also investigated. The results show very good accuracy (NRMSE <10%) of different versions of data. Examination of groundwater salinity using electrical conductivity (EC) data showed an increasing salinity trend in the basin. Factors affecting decreasing trend of quantity and quality in the basin were also analyzed. Results showed no significant trend in rainfall time-series. However, the increasing trend of the population and vegetation in the basin and the lack of surface water resources have led to a significant increase in groundwater abstraction. Thus, when planning, the land sustainability should be seriously considered by managers. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Groundwater level, electrical conductivity, GRACE, MAN-Kendall test, Landsat | ||
| مراجع | ||
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