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اوجاقلو, حسن, اوجاقلو, فرهاد, قربانیان, محمد, میثاقی, فرهاد, نظری, بیژن, کرمی دهکردی, اسماعیل. (1401). بهره‌وری مصرف آب در محصول پیاز و ارزیابی راه‌کارهای بهبود آن. , 12(4), 799-820. doi: 10.22059/jwim.2022.344149.998
حسن اوجاقلو; فرهاد اوجاقلو; محمد قربانیان; فرهاد میثاقی; بیژن نظری; اسماعیل کرمی دهکردی. "بهره‌وری مصرف آب در محصول پیاز و ارزیابی راه‌کارهای بهبود آن". , 12, 4, 1401, 799-820. doi: 10.22059/jwim.2022.344149.998
اوجاقلو, حسن, اوجاقلو, فرهاد, قربانیان, محمد, میثاقی, فرهاد, نظری, بیژن, کرمی دهکردی, اسماعیل. (1401). 'بهره‌وری مصرف آب در محصول پیاز و ارزیابی راه‌کارهای بهبود آن', , 12(4), pp. 799-820. doi: 10.22059/jwim.2022.344149.998
اوجاقلو, حسن, اوجاقلو, فرهاد, قربانیان, محمد, میثاقی, فرهاد, نظری, بیژن, کرمی دهکردی, اسماعیل. بهره‌وری مصرف آب در محصول پیاز و ارزیابی راه‌کارهای بهبود آن. , 1401; 12(4): 799-820. doi: 10.22059/jwim.2022.344149.998

بهره‌وری مصرف آب در محصول پیاز و ارزیابی راه‌کارهای بهبود آن

مدیریت آب و آبیاری
مقاله 8، دوره 12، شماره 4، بهمن 1401، صفحه 799-820    اصل مقاله (1.2 M)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jwim.2022.344149.998
نویسندگان
حسن اوجاقلو* 1؛ فرهاد اوجاقلو2؛ محمد قربانیان1؛ فرهاد میثاقی1؛ بیژن نظری3؛ اسماعیل کرمی دهکردی4
1گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.
2سازمان مدیریت و برنامه‌ریزی، زنجان، ایران.
3گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران.
4ترویج کشاورزی و توسعه روستایی، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
پژوهش حاضر با هدف پایش بهره­وری مصرف آب محصول پیاز و ارزیابی میدانی راه‌کار­های ارتقای آن انجام شد. در مرحله اول پژوهش، تعداد 12 مزرعه پیاز واقع در شهرستان زنجان انتخاب و موردمطالعه قرار گرفت. عوامل مرتبط با بهره­وری نظیر دبی ورودی به مزارع، حجم آب مصرفی، برنامه آبیاری، مدیریت تغذیه، عملکرد محصول، هزینه­های تولید و درآمد حاصل از فروش محصول تعیین و شاخص‌های فیزیکی و اقتصادی بهره­وری مصرف آب محاسبه شد. در مرحله دوم، مدیریت آبیاری به‌عنوان راه‌کار اجرایی  به‌منظور بهبود بهره­وری مصرف آب در شرایط واقعی مزرعه در قالب قطعات کنترل‌شده اجرا و با وضع موجود مقایسه شد. براساس نتایج حاصل از پایش­های میدانی، میانگین حجم آب مصرفی در مزارع پیاز در حدود 19626 مترمکعب در هکتار و میانگین شاخص­های بهره­وری مصرف آب CPD، BPD و NBPD به‌ترتیب برابر 14/3 کیلوگرم بر مترمکعب، 68 و 40 هزار ریال بر مترمکعب برآورد شد. به‌طور میانگین اعمال برنامه صحیح آبیاری در قطعات کنترل‌شده منجر به کاهش 58 درصدی حجم آب مصرفی و در نتیجه آن افزایش 147 درصدی شاخص بهره­وری فیزیکی شد. تثبیت الگوی اشتباه مدیریت آبیاری و عدم کنترل و نظارت بر بهره­برداری از منابع آب دلایل اصلی مصرف بی‌رویه آب در مزارع پیاز شناخته شد. نتایج مرحله دوم اجرای پژوهش نشان داد، تنها با اصلاح مدت زمان آبیاری می­توان حجم آب مصرفی را به‌طور قابل‌ملاحظه­ای کاهش و بهره­وری مصرف آب را بهبود بخشید.
کلیدواژه‌ها
برنامه آبیاری؛ زنجانرود؛ کارایی مصرف آب؛ کنترل‌شده
عنوان مقاله [English]
Water Use Efficiency in Onion Production and Assessment of Improvement Strategies
نویسندگان [English]
Hassan Ojaghlou1؛ Farhad Ojaghlou2؛ Mohammad Ghorbanian1؛ Farhad Misaghi1؛ Bijan Nazari3؛ Esmaeil Karami Dehkordi4
1Water Science and Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
2National Planning Expert, Management and Planning Organization, Zanjan, Iran.
3Department of Water Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
4Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Agricultural Extension and Education Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]
The present study was conducted to survey water use efficiency in onion production and field evaluation of its improvement strategies. In the first phase, 12 onion farms located in Zanjan plain were selected and studied. The factors related to productivity such as inflow discharge, water consumption, irrigation program, soil nutrition, crop yield, production costs and revenue were determined and then the physical and economic indicators of water productivity were calculated. In the second phase, irrigation management was implemented as a practical solution to improve water use efficiency in the control treatments and compared with the results from actual conditions. Based on the results of field monitoring, the average volume of water consumption in onion farms was obtained about 19626 m3/ha and the average water productivity indices CPD, BPD, and NBPD were calculated 3.14 kg/m3, 68 and 40 thousand Rials/m3, respectively. On average, implementation of proper irrigation program led to a reduction of 58 percent of water consumption and, consequently, an increase of 147 percent of the water use efficiency index in experimental farms. Using the wrong pattern in irrigation programming and lack of control and supervision over the exploitation of water resources were identified as the main reasons for excessive water consumption in onion farms. The results showed that only by correcting the irrigation time, the volume of water consumption can be reduced significantly and the water use efficiency can be improved.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Controlled, Irrigation Program, Water Use Efficiency, Zanjanroud
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آمار
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