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تأثیر سطوح مختلف شوری آب بر میزان تبخیر و تعرق و عملکرد گیاه Atriplex canescens | ||
| نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری | ||
| دوره 75، شماره 4، دی 1401، صفحه 627-637 اصل مقاله (497.05 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jrwm.2023.350686.1679 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مرتضی شاه نوری1؛ مریم آذرخشی* 2؛ مهدی بشیری2؛ حسن رضایی مقدم3 | ||
| 1کارشناسی ارشد آبخیزداری، گروه مهندسی طبیعت و گیاهان دارویی، دانشگاه تربت حیدریه، تربت حیدریه، ایران. | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه مهندسی طبیعت و گیاهان دارویی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربت حیدریه، ایران. | ||
| 3دانشجوی دکتری آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تبخیروتعرق به عنوان یکی از اجزای مهم چرخه هیدرولوژیک نقش بسیار بزرگی در مطالعه بیلان آب حوزه‌های آبخیز دارد. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی واکنش گیاه Atriplex canescens نسبت به سطوح مختلف شوری آب و تاثیر سطح شوری آب آبیاری بر مقدار تبخیروتعرق واقعی در شرایط لایسیمتری می‌باشد. به این منظور چهار تیمار صفر، 25%، 50% و 75% حداکثر تحمل شوری گیاه آتریپلکس کانسنس معادل با صفر، 6/19، 2/39 و 8/58 دسی زیمنس بر متر نمک کلرید سدیم در سه تکرار در نظر گرفته شد. لایسیمترها در گلخانه مستقر شده و در هر لایسیمتر دو بوته کشت شد. هر دو هفته یکبار 5 لیتر آب با شوریهای ذکر شده به هر لایسیمتر اضافه شد. اندازه‌گیری تبخیروتعرق با توزین لایسیمترها از تاریخ 15 اسفند1397 تا 24 مرداد 1398 با فاصله زمانی یک هفته انجام شد. پس از اتمام آزمایشها وزن اندامهای هوایی و زیرزمینی گیاهان هر تیمار به صورت تر و خشک اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد با افزایش شوری آب آبیاری از صفر تا 8/58 دسی زیمنس بر متر، میزان تبخیروتعرق از 94/3 به 84/2 لیتر کاهش یافت، و بین تیمار شاهد و شوری 8/58 دسی زیمنس بر متر تفاوت معنی‌داری در سطح 5 درصد وجود داشت. با افزایش میزان شوری از تیمار صفر به 6/19، 2/39 و 8/58 دسی زیمنس بر متر وزن خشک اندام هوایی 13/20 %، 87/41% و 55/11 % نسبت به شاهد افزایش داشته است. بنابراین با شرایط تحقیق حاضر آتریپلکس کانسنس در شوری 2/39 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر بیشترین مقدار اندام خشک هوایی را تولید کرده است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تولید؛ گلخانه؛ لایسیمتر؛ وزن خشک؛ وزن ریشه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of different levels of water salinity on evapotranspiration and yield of Atriplex canescens | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Morteza Shahnori1؛ Maryam Azarakhshi2؛ Mehdi Bashiri2؛ Hasan Rezaee Moghadam3 | ||
| 1MSc. student, Watershed Management, Faculty of Agricultureand Natural Resources, University of Torbat Heydarieh, Torbat Heydarieh, Iran. | ||
| 2Assistand professor, Dpartment of Nature Engineering and Medicinal Plant, Faculty of Agricultureand Natural Resources, University of Torbat Heydarieh, Iran. | ||
| 3PhD. Student of Watershed Management, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Evapotranspiration as an important component of the hydrological cycle plays a major role in the study of water balance in watersheds. The purpose of present research was to investigate the response of Atriplex canescens to different levels of water salinity and the effect of irrigation water salinity levels on actual evapotranspiration under lysimetric conditions. For this purpose, four treatments inclusive 0, 25%, 50%, and 75% of maximum salinity tolerance of Atriplex canescens with 3 replications were considered which equal as zero, 19.6, 39.2, and 58.8 ds/m of Sodium Chloride. The lysimeters were placed in greenhouse and two Atriplex canescen shrubs were cultivated in per lysimeter. 5 liters of water with mentioned salinities were added to each lysimeter every two weeks. During the vegetative period of the plant, from 6th March to 15th of August of 2019, the measurement of evapotranspiration was done by weighing the lysimeters at intervals of one week. After the end of the experiments, the weights of shoots and roots of each treatment were measured in wet and dry situation. The results showed that evapotranspiration decreased from 3.94 to 2.84 liters with increasing salinity of irrigation water from zero to 58.8 ds/m, and there was a significant difference between control and 58.8 ds/m salinity treatments at 5% level. By increasing salinity from 0 to 19.6, 39.2 and 58.8 ds/m, the dry weight of shoots increased compared to control treatment 20.13%, 41.87% and 11.55% respectively. Therefore, with the conditions of the present researchو Atriplex Canescens was produced the highest amount of dry shoot in 39.2 ds/m salinity. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| dry weigh, greenhouse, lysimeter, roots weight, yield | ||
| مراجع | ||
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