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اثر حساسیت مراحل رشد گیاه ذرت در کاربرد توابع کاهش جذب آب، در شرایط تنش شوری | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
دوره 54، شماره 4، تیر 1402، صفحه 597-612 اصل مقاله (1.57 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2023.357997.669488 | ||
نویسنده | ||
رضا سعیدی* | ||
گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی(ره)، قزوین، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
شبیهسازی دقیق میزان جذب آب در دوره رشد گیاه، باعث مدیریت بهینه مصرف آب میشود. این پژوهش در سال 1400 با هدف شبیهسازی اثر تنش شوری بر میزان جذب آب گیاه ذرت رقم سینگل کراس 704، در فضای لایسیمتری و در قزوین انجام شد. آزمایش بهصورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی اجرا شد. اثر شوری خاک (فاکتور اصلی) شامل سطوح(S1) 5/0، (S2)7/1، (S3)5/2، (S4)5/3، (S5)5/4، (S6)5/5، (S7)5/6 و (S8)5/7 دسیزیمنس بر متر، در مراحل رشد (فاکتور فرعی) اولیه (P1)، توسعه (P2)، میانی (P3) و پایانی (P4) بررسی شد. برای شبیهسازی میزان کاهش جذب آب در شرایط کاربرد تنش شوری، از توابع ونگنوختن، ونگنوختن-هافمن، دیرکسن-آگوستیجن و ماس-هافمن استفاده شد. واسنجی مدلها (توابع) با دادههای واقعی در تیمارهای S1، S3، S5 و S7 و ارزیابی آنها در تیمارهای S2، S4، S6 و S8 انجام شد. واسنجی مدلها یکبار برای کل دوره رشد (با ضرایب ثابت) و بار دیگر با درنظر گرفتن حساسیت مراحل رشد گیاه (با ضرایب متغیر) انجام شد. در اثر افزایش شوری خاک، شیب کاهش جذب آب توسط گیاه در مراحل رشد P1 تا P4 و کل دوره رشد بهترتیب 81/6، 4/7، 13/9، 25/4 و 9/7 درصد برآورد شد. بیشترین تا کمترین حساسیت گیاه به تنش شوری، بهترتیب در مراحل رشد P3، P2، P1 و P4 مشاهده شد. نتایج نشان داد که واسنجی توابع برای کل دوره رشد گیاه، دقت کمتری برای تعیین میزان جذب آب در طول دوره رشد داشت. آمارههای ارزیابی CRM، EF، R2، RMSE و ME بهترتیب با مقادیر 0005/0-، 993/0، 995/0، 016/0 و 031/0 نشان دادند که تابع خطی ماس-هافمن، مدل بهینه برای شبیهسازی میزان کاهش جذب آب بود. با درنظر گرفتن اثر حساسیت مراحل رشد گیاه در توابع کاهش جذب آب، میتوان برآورد دقیقتری از میزان جذب آب و نیاز آبی واقعی گیاه داشت، که نتیجه آن افزایش بهرهوری مصرف آب خواهد بود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
دوره رشد؛ ضریب تنش؛ مدلسازی | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
The sensitivity effect of maize growth stages on application of water uptake reduction functions, under salinity stress conditions | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
reza saeidi | ||
Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran. | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Simulation of water uptake amount during crop growth period, leads to optimal management of water consumption. This research was conducted on maize S.C 704 in lysimetric space (in Qazvin), in 2021. The research aim was simulation of salinity stress effect on crop water uptake amount. The experiment was performed as factorial and in a completely randomized design. The effect of soil salinity with levels of; 0.5(S1), 1.7(S2), 2.5(S3), 3.5(S4), 4.5(S5), 5.5(S6), 6.5(S7) and 7.5(S8) dS.m-1, were investigated in growth stages of initial(P1), development(P2), mid(P3) and late(P4). For simulating the amount of water uptake reduction in salinity stress conditions, the functions of Van Genuchten, Van Genuchten-Hoffman, Dirksen-Augustijn and Mass-Hoffman were used. Models calibration was done by real data in S1, S3, S5 and S7 treatments and models evaluation was done in S2, S4, S6 and S8 treatments. The models calibration was done once for whole growth period (by constant coefficients) and again by considering the crop growth stages sensitivity (by variable coefficients). The slope of water uptake reduction at P1 to P4 stages and whole growth period, was estimated to be 6.81%, 7.4%, 9.13%, 4.25% and 7.9%, respectively. The highest to lowest crop sensitivity to salinity stress was observed in P3, P2, P1 and P4 stages, respectively. The functions calibration for whole growth period, was less accurate for determining the water uptake amount. Evaluation statistics (CRM: -0.0005, EF: 0.993, R2:0.995, RMSE: 0.016 and ME:0.031) showed that the Mass-Hoffman function was optimal model for simulation the water uptake reduction. By considering the effect of crop growth stages sensitivity, were done a more accurate estimation of water uptake and actual crop water requirement amounts. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Growth period, Modeling, Stress coefficient | ||
مراجع | ||
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